物质文化英文

物质文化遗产（material cultural heritage 或 tangible cultural heritage）非物质文化遗产 (non-material cultural heritage 或intangible cultural heritage)

cultureThe term material culture refers both to the psychological role, the meaning, that all physical objects in the environment have to mean something to people in a particular culture and to the range of manufactured objects (techno-complex) that are typical within a socioculture and form an essential part of cultural identity. Human beings perceive and understand the material things around them as they have learned to from their culture. Manufactured items are especially meaningful and the relationship between object and meaning is usually what scholars of material culture study. Material culture as learned behaviour can be compared to cultural linguistics, (verbal culture). Archaeologists try to understand the general articulation of past human societies by inferring what the less permanent aspects of cultures may have been like from the material record they have left behind. Understanding aspects of the material culture of prehistoric peoples is the goal of some schools in archaeology as exemplified by cognative archaeology or contextual archaeology. Other schools of archaeology, such as processualism generally avoid attempts to study material culture as a mentalist phenomenon altogether.希望能帮助你

“文化”。

文化（汉语拼音wén huà，英文culture），是人类社会相对于经济、政治而言的精神活动及其产物，分为物质文化和非物质文化。

教育、科学、艺术皆属广义的文化，而政治、经济与文化相互关联、相互作用。实际给文化下一个准确的定义，非常困难。对文化这个概念的解读，人类也一直众说不一。文化顺乎时代潮流具有不定性，一个时期有一个时期的文化.……构成世界五彩斑斓的文化。

随文明进步而不断发展并不断加以完善……以至成为风俗习惯。

文化现象的四种形态：

一、物质型文化。人力曾经和正在作用其上的一切物质对象、人类物质生活的方式都是物质型文化，体现人类劳动的物质产品都是物质型文化最本质的内容。结绳、算盘、计算机代表人类物质文化发展的不同层次；西服、和服、中山服，从物质形态上反映出不同民族的文化差异。

二、社会关系型文化。这是从家庭组织到社会组织，从生产关系结构到上层建筑结构，从社会分工结构到阶级结构乃至民族结构的总称，它处于物质文袭化与精神文化之间，既是反映物质又是精神文化的外在表现，同时给予二者强烈的影响。

三、经典型文化。它是以历史的形式凝固了的精神文化，是影响过历史，以致被称为传统的各种知识、价值观念、思想体系，巨大的历史惯性是经典型文化的主要特点。

四、心理型文化。这是另一类精神文化，它不是凝固的而是存在于人这个文化主体的各种行为中，它的核心是以价值观念和思维方式为主体的传统观念。