zzyunicorn
修辞手法(figure of speech)修辞手法是通过修饰、调整语句,运用特定的表达形式以提高语言表达作用的方式和方法。修辞不仅仅在中文里很常见,在英文里也是多种多样。这篇文章里,我们就来谈一谈英文中常见的修辞手法。
常见的英语修辞
1.simile明喻
A simile is a figure of speech in which two fundamentally unlike things are explicitly compared, usually in a phrase introduced by like or as.
明喻是常用as或like等词将两种不同事物通过比较而连接起来的一种修辞手法。
让我们看几个例子:
Good coffee is like friendship: rich and warm and strong.
好的咖啡如同友谊,丰厚,温暖,热烈。
Life is rather like opening a tin of sardines. We're all of us looking for the key.
人生就像一罐沙丁鱼,我们大家都在找开启的起子。
He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen from him to crow.
他这人就像一只骄傲的公鸡,以为太阳升起是为了它的啼叫。
2.metaphor暗喻
A metaphor is a trope or figure of speech in which an implied comparison is made between two unlike things that actually have something in common.
暗喻是将两种有共同点的不同事物进行隐晦比较的修辞手法。
明喻与暗喻的不同点就在于是否有出现like或者as(像)这一类比喻词,下面这几个句子都是暗喻:
Humor is the shock absorber of life; it helps us take action.
幽默是生活的减震器,它可以鼓舞人们付诸于行动。
Time, you thief.
时间,你这个小偷。
But my heart is a lonely hunter that hunts on a lonely hill.
可是我的心是孤独的猎手,在孤独的小山上狩猎。
3.personification拟人
Personifiation is a figure of speech in which an inanimate object or abstraction is endowed with human qualities or abilities.
拟人是一种为无生命或抽象物体赋予人类特质与能力的修辞手法。
Oreo: Milk’s favorite cookie.
奥利奥:牛奶最喜爱的曲奇。
The wind stood up and gave a shout.
大风凛冽,发出怒吼。
The only monster here is the gambling monster that has enslaved your mother! I call him Gamblor, and it's time to snatch your mother from his neon claws!
这里唯一的怪物就是赌博怪物,它将你母亲沦为奴隶!我叫它赌棍,该把你母亲从他的霓虹灯魔爪下救出来的时候了!
4.euphemism委婉语
Euphemism is the substitution of an inoffensive expression for one considered offensively explicit
委婉语是使用较委婉含蓄的语言替换强烈冒犯的话语。
这种修辞可能听起来陌生,但在日常生活中的使用频率其实很高。比如,老人去世的时候我们会采用“过世”、“走了”这一类的话语,这其实就是委婉语。英文里也有类似的用法,了解委婉语背后真正的含义对阅读英语文章也是很有帮助的哦~下面我们就一起看几个例子:
elder citizen老年人(不用old people)
pass away逝世(不用die)
You've got a prime figure.你的体态丰腴。(不用fat)
5.pun双关语
A pun is a play on words, either on different senses of the same word or on the similar sense or sound of different words.
双关语是指利用同词不同义或是同音不同词来制造文字游戏的一种修辞方式。
部分电视剧的幽默效果就是通过双关语来实现的。
You earn your living and you urn your dead.
生前劳碌奔命,死后化灰入土。
(earn与urn(火化)同音异义,用在一起显得俏皮,别有趣味。)
Seven days without water makes one weak.
七天不进水,人就会虚弱。
weak和week是同音异义词。因此这句话听起来可以理解为:
Seven days without water makes one week.
6.alliteration头韵
Alliteration is the repetition of an initial consonant sound.
押头韵是指重复单词第一个辅音的修辞方式。
头韵是英语语音修辞的一种,体现了语言的音乐美和整齐美。广为熟知的一本名著《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice)的书名就体现了头韵。常见的例子还有:
first and foremost首先
with might and main 尽全力地
saints and sinners 圣人与罪人
in weal and (or) woe无论是福是祸
7.oxymoron矛盾修辞法
Oxymoron is a figure of speech in which incongruous or contradictory terms appear side by side.
矛盾修辞法是一种修辞手段,它是用两种不相调和,甚至截然相反的词语来形容一件事物。
这个定义是不是听起来云里雾里的呢?让我们先用中文的例子来理解一下~
宝玉道:“我呢?你们也替我想一个。”
宝钗笑道:“你的号早有了,无事忙三字恰当得很!”
上文的“无事忙”就是矛盾修辞法,“无事”和“忙”不就是两种截然相反的状态吗?
再来看几个英文例子:
We have to believe in free will. We have no choice.
我们只能相信自由意志,除此之外我们别无选择。
His honour rooted in dishonour stood.
他那来源于不名誉的名誉依然如故。
8.hyperbole夸张
Hyperbole is a figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect; an extravagant statement.
夸张是对事物着意夸大的修辞方式。
我们在口语中常常会夸大自己的情绪,比如:
I was scared to death
我吓死了。
男男女女在表达爱意的时候经常也很夸张:
You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars….
你是我的全世界,是我的月亮,我的星星……
英语考试作文常用句型 批驳
1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
3) Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.
4) Many of us have been under the illusion that...
5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6) It makes no sense to argue for ...
7) Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...
8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ...
妞妞宝贝814
Metaphor、Apostrophe、alliteration、simile、personification hyperbole意思为:名词 隐喻(一种修辞法)象征 ,撇号,韵,名词 (修辞)直喻;明喻 ,人格化,名词 修辞的夸张法夸张的语句 Metaphor is a kind of rhetorical devices。暗喻是一种修辞手法
scarlett0306
楼上说的都一样 所以不贴那些单词意思了 不过你可以去 dictionary.com 一个国外的英文解释网站 里面什么词都有 还有造句以及同义词 可以去看一下
乖乖邓子
1、Simile 明喻
明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比,这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。是常用as或like等词将具有某种共同特征的两种不同事物连接起来的一种修辞手法。
例子:Einstein likes to put a cloak on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.
爱因斯坦喜欢披着斗篷,就好像刚刚从童话故事中走出来。
2、hyperbole 夸张
夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的。它可以加强语势,增加表达效果。也叫夸饰或铺张。指为了启发读者或听者的想象力和加强所说的话的力量,用夸大的词语来形容事物。
例子:When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.
当她听到这个噩耗,眼泪像绝了堤的洪水,滚落下来。
3、rhetorical repetition 叠言
这种修辞法是指在特定的语境中,将相同的结构,相同意义词组成句子重叠使用,以增强语气和力量。
例子: It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny.
它必须用我们这些对于未来,对于人类以及人类自己创造的伟大命运具有信心的人的鲜血和汗水去创造。
4、irony 反语
反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式。如在指责过失、错误时、用赞同过失的说法;而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法。
例子:It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
早上不知道几点钟确实是一种好习惯!(反语修辞手法)
5、pun 双关
双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义、借题发挥、作出多种解释、旁敲侧击从而达到意想不到的幽默、滑稽效果。它主要以相似的词形、词意和谐音的方式出现。
例子: If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.
如果我们不团结,就上吊去吧。
乐乐冰儿
1metaphor:a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity 2simile: a figure of speech that expresses a resemblance between things of different kinds (usually formed with `like' or `as')3alliteration:use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse 4onomatopoeia:using words that imitate the sound they denote 5hyperbole:extravagant exaggeration 6personification:a person who represents an abstract quality "she is the personification of optimism这些单词都要根据不同的语言环境来翻译 我按照你提示的中文意思大概的翻译了一下 希望我的回答能够帮助到你 谢谢
小精灵926
1、比喻 [bǐ yù]
[allegory;comparison;metaphor;figure of speech] 一种修辞方式,即打比方,用某些有类似特点的事物来比拟想要说的某一事物
2、拟人 [nǐ rén][personify] 把事物人格化的修辞方式
3、排比 [pái bǐ]
[parallelism]∶修辞方式,用一连串结构相似、内容密切相关、语气一致的句子或句子成分来表示意思,用以增强语势,使内容得到强调。
4、夸张
[hyperbole] 夸张法。一种修辞手段,指为了启发听者或读者的想象力和加强言语的力量,用夸大的词句来形容事物
5、对比 [duì bǐ]
[contrast;balance]∶[两种事物或一事物的两个方面] 相对比较
6、夸张 [kuā zhāng]
[hyperbole] 夸张法。一种修辞手段,指为了启发听者或读者的想象力和加强言语的力量,用夸大的词句来形容事物
扩展资料
写作手法及作用
(1)拟人手法:赋予事物以人的性格、思想、感情和动作,使物人格化,从而达到形象生动的效果。
(2)比喻手法形象生动、简洁凝练地描写:事物、讲解道理。
(3)夸张手法:突出事物的特征,揭;示本质,给读者以鲜明而强烈的印象
(4)象征手法;把特定的意义寄托在所描写拘事物上,表达了……的情感,增强了文章的表现力。
(5)对比手法:通过比较,突出事物的特点,更好地表现文章的主题。
(9)衬托手法(侧面烘托):以次要的人或事物衬托主要的人或事物,突出主要的人或事物的特点、性格、思想、感情等。