夏可兒雲卿
1由点到面，构建知识网络对所学的知识点分步地进行梳理、归纳和总结，理清知识脉络。从一个简单的语法点或一个核心句型开始延伸，理清它们的变化形式、变化规律以及与时态、语态等的关联。所谓由点到面，构建知识网络。2由面到点，加深记忆，查漏补缺回归课本，查缺补漏，打好基础。以单元为单位展开复习，回忆每单元所学的主要内容，包括核心单词、重点句型和语法，以及需要掌握的对话等。回忆时要有框架，由面到点，比如先通过目录页回忆每个单元的话题，然后再回忆细化的知识点。3聚焦重难点，巩固易错点对每单元中的重点内容（词汇、句型和语法）和在练习中易错的点作进一步的复习，解决重点、难点和疑点，加深理解。多看错题本，攻克错题。4经典题目自测，检验复习效果对复习效果进行检测，会产生成就感或紧张感，从而自觉主动地去学习，同时可以及时调整复习方法。在复习完成时，选取一定数量的题目进行检测非常有必要。多做典型题，摸清规律，学会举一反三，但不提倡题海战术。想要考个好成绩，除了熟练掌握单词、语法、句型，还要有正确的答题技巧
Q吃吃吃买买买
宾语从句.在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的1.宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.He told that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他下一年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?I don’t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该依靠谁.The book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?你能展示给我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.2.动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us that they would help us through the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的. 部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都买光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.I take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的.3.介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.4.形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句的时态。 考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾语从句。 一. 宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或 形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语 和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 二. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如： I hear (that) physics isn’t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. 三. 宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。 如： I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句的时态。 考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾语从句。 一. 宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或 形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语 和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 二. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如： I hear (that) physics isn’t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. 三. 宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。 如： I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.【中考范例】 1. (2004年北京市中考试题) Miss Green didn’t tell us _______ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选D。 2. (2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题) Would you please tell me ________? A. when did he come home B. where he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didn’t watch the game 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。 3. (2004年哈尔滨市中考试题) I don’t know when __________. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave 【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有B在语序和时态上符合要求。 4. (2004年常州市中考试题) ---We don’t know _____________. ---It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from 【解析】答案: C。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序。按照他们谈论的话题可知：他们说的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的语序不对，只有C正确。 【满分演练】 一. 单项填空 1. Do you know _______ during the coming summer holiday? A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did 2. I want to know_________. A. what is his name B. what’s his name C. that his name is D. what his name is 3. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam? A. that B. whether C. what D. which 4. Jim doesn’t understand ____________. A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopping C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping 5. ---Could you tell me ______ she is looking for? A. that B. whose C. who D. which 6. Mr. King didn’t know _______ yesterday evening. A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home C. when did his son come home D. when his son came home 7. Could you tell me _______ the bike this morning? A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend 8. ---I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive? ---Usually it comes by 4: 00. A. how B. where C. when D. what 9. ---Excuse me, would you please tell me ________? ---Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a hospital. A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post office C. how get to the post office D. how could we get to the post office 10. ---Can I help you? ---Yes. I’d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me ______ take to get there? A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it11. He wanted to know ___________. A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would start C. what he’s going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held 12. ---Could you tell me _________ the Bamboo Garden? ---The day after tomorrow, I think. A. when will you visit B. when you will visit C. when would you visit D. when you would visit 13. Would you please tell me _________ next, Mr Wang? A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do D. should we do what 14. You can’t imagine _________ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited 15. I want to know ________ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow. A. that B. when C. where D. whether 16. ---Could you tell me ____________? ---Sorry, I don’t know. I was not at the meeting. A. what does he say at the meeting B. what did he say at the meeting C. what he says at the meeting D. what he said at the meeting 17. ---Could you tell me _________ last night? ---Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home. A. what you were doing B. what were you doing C. what you are doing D. what are you doing 18. The teacher asked the students __________. A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted 19. Every morning the patients are asked if ________ their temperature taken. A. they had had B. have they had C. they have had D. had they had 20. It’s up to you to decide _______ you’ll go there, by air or by road. A. how B. why C. that D. when 二. 根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子 1. 李明说他对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。 Li Ming says _______ _______ interested in playing computer games. 2. 我认为玛丽不回来了。 I don’t think Mary ______ ______. 3. 山姆给我说他准备去上海。 Sam told me that he _______ _______ for Shanghai. 4. 请你告诉我去钟楼怎麽走吗？ Could you tell me _______ I can get to the Bell Tower? 5. 父亲说他买了一台新电脑。 Father said that he ________ ________ a new computer.. 6. 我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。 I want to know _________ there is a train to Beijing. 7. 你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？ Do you know ______ _______ a double room ______? 8. 请你告诉我我们外出多长时间好吗？ Could you tell me ______ ______ we’re going to be away? 9. 叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。 Uncle said that he ______ _______ a new novel. 10. 杰克说他有重要事情要做。 Jack said he _______ something important to do. 【练习答案】 一. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.A 二. 1.he is 2.will come 3.was leaving 4.how 5.had bought 6.if (whether) 7.how much 8.how long 9.was writing 10.had
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一、默写单词抽查制度。之所以称为制度是无论同学和老师都要遵守的一贯做法。由于教毕业班，学生们对于词汇的掌握要求不仅局限于六年级下学期，而且要复习三年级至六年级所有学过的词汇。对于学生而言特别怕默单词，而且只要涉及这样的复习课都要有抄写或者默写的作业要完成。我改变了以往的做法。首先在单词复习课前让同学们提前复习，并且给出复习范围。如第一单元的A部分划线或是单词表第三单元的所有单词及词组。在课上我以抽查的方式来进行检测。从要默写的内容里选出10个单词或词组进行过关练习，只要这10个默写全对的同学就可以不做任何书面抄写或默写的作业了。而且对于每一个同学而言，他们掌握程度不同，第一遍默写可能只有四分之一的学生全对，那么他们是最先免作业的同学，接下来再进行集体默写，过关的同学可以复习下一个单元。第二词默写就会有百分之五十的同学过关了，第三次默写就让没有过关的同学请已经过关的同学默写，并且负责批改，之后教任课教师审核并且记录好。这样不仅减轻了教师的压力，学生们的热情也很高涨。有许多同学还没有琢磨出来自己要默写十几遍才会过关，其实相当于多写了好多的单词和词组，但是好胜心促使他们默写了一遍又一遍，直到全对为止。二、默写单词竞赛机制。在有的英语课上，为了调动学生的积极性，还要采用一定的竞赛形式来开展。我经常采用四个小队或男女生竞赛的形式进行默写。一般让每个小组以选人游戏的形式叫到一个代表到黑板前去默写，其他同学在座位上默写，并且让他们自觉得不准抬头看黑板上的答案，这样学生们就会互相监督。在前边的同学和在座位里的同学全对的累计小组加分，根据每个小队的比分再在班级评比栏中进行加分奖励。有时还通过宾果游戏进行单词的默写。总之在默写单词的复习中还有很多中方法，无论怎样，只要学生有收获，有进步就是好方法。纪录委员新学期的计划新学期即将到来，本学期我希望大家再接再厉，堆集经验的同时，咱们要吸取教训。以下是本学年的工作计划： 1．协助班长维护好本班的班风和班纪。 2．鼓励同学们积极参加本院及外院的活动，古云：流水不腐。有竞争，才会永葆活气。希望在活动中展示咱们的风采。 3．协助团支书了解团员同学的思想、学习和糊口情况，对团员同学进行思想教诲和纪律教诲，搜集和整理团员同学的进步前辈较重要的事，提议支委会对团员进行表扬和奖励，对违反团的纪律的举动进行批评教诲，并提出处理意见。 4．负责本班的用电安全并检查和落实。平时宿舍没人的情况，务必断掉一切电源。坚决制止违章电器的使用。这一点，男生宿舍要非分特别注意。 5．维护本班安定良好的纪律局面。特别是上课自习的出勤，早退状况以及夜不归宿，过夜陌出生等。 6. 及时向自律部反映班上存在的问题及为同学们向较高等级申请加分。 7．做好同学们的综合测评分儿的纪录及办理工作。学期竣事，做好综合测评的成绩的排名。 我相信，在以后的最近日子里，通过咱们的共同努力，咱们的班级会越来越好！ 日后的工作开展历程中，咱们将保持现存的艰苦奋斗惠风纪和勇于创新的工作风纪，做一位合格的当代大学生，做一位合格的大学学生干部；为纪律检查这个称呼增添色泽。响应周书记从严治校的方针和政策，做好校园的安全稳定调和工作。树立纪律检查形象，打造纪律检查品牌！为了“纪律检查”称呼而努力奋斗！ 日后的工作开展历程中，咱们将保持现存的艰苦奋斗惠风纪和勇于创新的工作风纪，做一位合格的当代大学生，做一位合格的大学学生干部；为纪律检查这个称呼增添色泽。响应周书记从严治校的方针和政策，做好校园的安全稳定调和工作。树立纪律检查形象，打造纪律检查品牌！为了“纪律检查”称呼而努力奋斗！
