panrongdong
The Buffalo Nickel(also known as the Indian Head Nickel) was first minted for regular use in U.S. coinage in 1913 and became very popular with the general public. The coin was designed by James Earle Fraser, a noted artist with a keen interest in native culture. His initial "F" appears below the date on the coin.The design depicts a realistic portrait of an American Indian on the obverse of the coin along with the word "Liberty" along the rim. The reverse of the coin features a magnificent buffalo and the words FIVE CENTS on a raised mound on which the buffalo stands. The coin is unique inasmuch as no other regular issue U.S. coin has ever featured an animal (other than the eagle) as a part of its main design. The Buffalo Nickel is made of 75% copper and 25% nickel and the coin is about 21 mm in diameter.The first Buffalo Nickels minted in 1913 were originally struck with a design that had the buffalo standing on a mound. These are referred to as Type 1 coins. Due to some production problems with this raised design, the design was changed and all future coins featured the buffalo standing on a flat plain. Coins with this latter design are referred to as Type 2 coins.Buffalo Nickels continued to be minted annually after 1913 until 1938 - with the exception of the years 1922, 1932 and 1933. Over 1 billion of these coins were minted during this time at various mint facilities including the Philadelphia, Denver, and San Francisco mints. The mintmark can be found on the reverse of the coin under the words FIVE CENTS.The rarest Buffalo Nickel is the 1918/7-D overdate. Also scarce is the famous 1937D "three legged" variety. This variety was struck with a faulty die that removed the buffalo's front leg. Other hard to find dates include the Type 2 1913D and the Type 2 1913S. Very common dates (except for a few varieties) are the Buffalo Nickels minted from 1932 to 1938. For reasons that are not entirely clear, Buffalo Nickels made prior to 1930 are quite scarce in uncirculated condition.In 1938, the Buffalo Nickel ceased production and was replaced the following year by a coin featuring the portrait of Thomas Jefferson. The Jefferson nickel is still in production today.
～逛吃逛吃
1、自由女神像--Statue of Liberty
自由女神像自从自由女神像于1886年屹立于纽约湾起，它一直是对新到达的移民美国梦的许诺。是法国在1876年赠送给美国独立100周年的礼物。
自由女神像重45万磅，高46米，底座高45米，其全称为“自由女神铜像国家纪念碑”，正式名称是“照耀世界的自由女神”。
2、芭比娃娃--Barbie doll
百利天下留学专家了解到创作芭比的灵感来源于美国一家代购玩具公司合作创始人handler夫妇的女儿芭芭拉，他们在一个德国的成人用性感洋娃娃的基础上于1959年推出了一个体面地道的美国娃娃芭比。具有讽刺意义的是，handler夫妇的女儿喜爱芭比，但他们的儿子ken却讨厌它。
3、《美国哥特式》--《American Gothic Style》
《美国哥特式》也许不那么出名，但画像中老屋上的哥特式窗户，尤其是那个农夫庄重的表情，还有那个长脖子的妻子使画家于1930年一夜成名。该幅画表现了美国农民庄重的自豪感。
4、野牛镍币--Buffalo Nickel
野牛镍币（Buffalo Nickel）与美国哥特式，自由女神像，芭比娃娃和山姆大叔被称为美国文化的五大象征。1911年，由美国著名艺术家詹姆斯厄尔弗雷泽开始设计，1913-1938年间成产的一种硬币。
也是艺术家对美国西部开发的牺牲品野牛和印第安人的纪念。镍币上的野牛和印第安人都以真实的原型进行创作。
5、山姆大叔--Uncle Sam
“山姆大叔”这一绰号产生于1812年美英战争时期（美国独立战争时期）。纽约州的洛伊城有一位肉类包装商，名叫塞缪尔.威尔逊。他诚实能干，富于创业精神，在当地很有威信，人们亲切地叫他“山姆大叔”。
战争期间，他担任纽约州和新泽西州的军需检验员，负责在供应军队的牛肉桶和酒桶上打戳。
美国人还把“山姆大叔”诚实可靠、吃苦耐劳以及爱国主义的精神视为自己民族的骄傲和共有的品质。从此这个绰号便不胫而走。第一次世界大战中曾出现过“山姆大叔”号召美国青年当兵的宣传画，流传很广。1961年，美国国会正式承认“山姆大叔”为美国的民族象征。
参考资料来源：百度百科-自由女神像
参考资料来源：百度百科-芭比娃娃
参考资料来源：百度百科-美国式哥特
参考资料来源：百度百科-野牛镍币
参考资料来源：百度百科-山姆大叔
芊芊寻2013
自由女神像(The Statue of Liberty) 芭比娃娃(Barbie )<美国哥特式>( American Gothic )野牛镍币( The Buffalo Nickel )山姆大叔 Uncle Sam
赤脚医师
Statue of Liberty, Barbie, "the United States Gothic," Buffalo nickel and Uncle Sam called five major symbol of American culture. Since the Statue of Liberty in New York in 1886 to stand firm in the Bay, it has been the arrival of the new immigrants the promise of the American Dream. The statue is a French artist from the United States to celebrate the independence of the US law designed Union, said the arms came from the beautiful statue of the artist's wife, and the vicissitudes resolute face is drawn from the artist's mother. Queen Barbie doll is almost all girls, and even the adult female dolls preference. Barbie was the inspiration for the creation of a United States handler toy company co-founder's daughter and his wife Barbara, their adult with a German on the basis of sexy doll in 1959 launched a decent authentic American Barbie doll. It is ironic that the couple's daughter handler favorite Barbie, but they hate the son of ken have it. "American Gothic" might not be well known, but the portrait of the Old House Gothic windows, especially solemn expressions that do, and that the long neck to the wife of the artist famous night in 1930. The paintings performance of the United States farmers solemn pride. Buffalo nickel in the 1913-1938 issue, the famous artists james earle fraser development of the western region of the victims of the United States - to commemorate the buffalo and Indians. Nickel on the bison and the Indians have a real prototype creation. Uncle Sam - Americans alias, is a big high, white hair, leaving a handful of white beard, wearing a dark blue jacket, the head of the stars embellished Gaomao image. Independent in the United States during the revolutionary period, a sam wilson is the honest and hardworking young people responsible for the supply of meat to the United States military, after testing the meat to the printed on the ea-sa markings ea representatives meat company name, origin us on behalf of the United States. Later, the company was one of us staff deliberately translated into Uncle Sam; Since then, Uncle Sam's name on the soldiers in a spread. In a war, and during World War II, artists montgomery flagg their image in the painting as Uncle Sam recruitment poster, Uncle Sam's access to a lasting image from the position. Statue of Liberty presented from the United Kingdom, the United States, it represents the beliefs of "freedom" Barbie is the origin of Hollywood, no long history of the United States, in the cultural conquest of the few others, and Barbie do well, it is consistent with the Americans conquer connotation. As for the Gothic, I have it understood as architectural style, and the United States Gothic not clear. Buffalo nickel to commemorate the historical development of the western region, the entire United States is now the most affluent areas. Uncle Sam is not to mention, it was a period from the foundation of war in Washington. "Soil and water support one side", "shaping the environment" when an "environment" After long and the same time have become a tradition, humanity has been to "create" and has been accepted.自由女神像,芭比娃娃,《美国哥特式》,野牛镍币和山姆大叔称为美国文化的五大象征。自从自由女神像于1886年屹立于纽约湾起，它一直是对新到达的移民美国梦的许诺。该塑像是由一位法国艺术家为庆祝美国独立和美法联盟而设计的，据说塑像美丽的手臂来源于艺术家的妻子，而其沧桑刚毅的脸则取材于艺术家的母亲。玩偶王后芭比娃娃几乎是所有女孩，甚至成年女性心仪的玩偶。创作芭比的灵感来源于美国一家玩具公司合作创始人Handler夫妇的女儿芭芭拉，他们在一个德国的成人用性感洋娃娃的基础上于1959年推出了一个体面地道的美国娃娃芭比。具有讽刺意义的是，Handler夫妇的女儿喜爱芭比，但他们的儿子Ken却讨厌它。《美国哥特式》也许不那么出名，但画像中老屋上的哥特式窗户，尤其是那个农夫庄重的表情，还有那个长脖子的妻子使画家于1930年一夜成名。该幅画表现了美国农民庄重的自豪感。野牛镍币在1913年至1938年发行，是著名的艺术家James Earle Fraser对美国西部开发的牺牲品——野牛和印第安人的纪念。镍币上的野牛和印第安人都以真实的原型进行创作。山姆大叔——美国人的别名，是一个大高个，白头发，留一小撮白胡子，身着深蓝色外套，头顶星星点缀的高帽的形象。在美国独立革命时期，一个叫Sam Wilson的诚实勤奋的年轻人负责检测供应给美国军队的肉，检测后的肉给印上EA-SA的标记，EA代表肉品公司名，US代表产地美国。后来，US被公司的一个职员故意译为山姆大叔；从此，山姆大叔的名字就在士兵中传开了。在一战和二战时期，艺术家Montgomery Flagg把自己的形象当成山姆大叔画在征兵海报上，山姆大叔的形象从此获得了持久的地位。
樱花龙女
范悦，《美国历史文化阅读教材》（英语），北京：对外经济贸易大学出版社，2005年。 王加丰，周旭东，《美国历史与文化》，杭州：浙江大学出版社，2005年。埃里克·方纳著，齐文颖译，《新美国历史》，北京：北京师范大学出版社，1998年。袁明，《美国文化与社会十五讲》，北京：北京大学出版社，2003年 赵学功，《当代美国外交》，北京：社会科学文献出版社，2001年 。乔治·凯南著，葵阳译，《美国外交》，北京：世界知识出版社，1989年
搁小浅671
应该是野牛镍币（英语：Buffalo Nickel)，是1911年由美国著名艺术家詹姆斯·厄尔弗雷泽(James Earl Fraser)开始设计，1913-1938年间成产的一种硬币。美国传统硬币上刻画的主要是美国政府的杰出人物，其中大多数是著名的历届总统。野牛镍币没有循规蹈矩，而是将在美国为拓居而进行的西进运动中遭破坏几近灭绝的两种形象——美国野牛以及土著印第安人印为纪念。野牛镍币是当今很多钱币爱好者最想要收集的硬币之一。野牛镍币与美国哥特，自由女神像，芭比娃娃和山姆大叔被称为美国文化的五大象征。面值五分，成分：3/4铜+1/4镍收藏的话，见仁见智，我就不好说了。
