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sick基本词汇
英 [sɪk] 美 [sɪk]
adj. 有病的;恶心的;腻烦的;晕的;令人毛骨悚然的。
n. 病人;呕吐物。
vt. 追逐;攻击;唆使。
He fell sick with malaria on a trip to Africa.
他在去非洲时患了疟疾。
He put a maid in to look after his sick wife.
他雇了1名女仆来照顾她的病妻。
语法:
sick的基本意思是“有病的”,在英式英语中只用作表语,而在美式英语中则既可用作表语,也可用作定语,常用于修饰人,偶尔也用于修饰事物如sick leave(病假)。
sick有时可指与“呕吐”有关的具体症状,如“恶心的,想吐的”。用于比喻可指“讨厌的”“渴望的”“心烦意乱的,恼火的”等。作“腻烦的,厌恶的”解时,常后接介词of。
sick不受heavily修饰,表示“病重”,可用seriously。
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1 have:表示“生病”,后常跟表示疾病的名词,是最通俗的说法,多用于口语。
例句:as i remember, my brother and sister both had severe asthmatic attacks in the childhood.
我记得,我弟弟和妹妹小时候都得过严重的哮喘病。
2 take/catch:均可表示“生病”,且含有“感染”之意。美国人多用take,英国人多用catch。
例句:mary takes cold easily. 玛丽易患感冒。
towards the end of the year, his son caught scarlet fever.快到年底的时候他儿子得了腥红热。
3 contract:较正式的“生病”用语,常用于书面语。
例句:the patient may contract acute bacterial peritonitis, in which case a surgical intervention should be considered. 该病人可能患有急性细菌性腹膜炎,在此情况下就得考虑手术处理。
4 get: 常作“生病”讲,后接表示疾病的名词。
例句:i think she's got epidemic meningitis. 我怀疑她得了流行性脑膜炎。
5 suffer from: 常用来表示“患病”,后接疾病名词,多用于医生与病人的交谈之中。
例句:is there anybody in your family who has suffered from the same eye disease as you? 你家中还有没有人得过跟你一样的眼病?
6 (be) ill with: 如表示“患......病”的时候后面须跟with,多见于英式英语。
例句:the patient is ill with influenza. 病人患流行性感冒。
7 (be) sick with: 多用于美式英语,与be ill with可以相互替换,但sick with不能改为sick of。
例句:the doctor told me that i was sick(ill) with hypertension.医生说我患有高血压。
8 fall ill(sick) with; fall ill(sick): 表示“患......病”时,后面须加with。
例句:jackie fell ill with a fever last week and has been in bed ever since.杰基上星期发烧,一直躺在床上。
9 be seized with: 一般表示“突然患......病”。
例句:the patient was seized with apoplexy yesterday afernoon.病人昨天下午忽患中风。
10 be attacked with: 基本意是“为......疾病所侵袭”,常译成“患......病”。
例句:attacked with acute myocardial inraction, the patient was surveilled for a week in hospital. 病人患急性心肌梗塞后,在医院里监护了一个星期。