闪闪的钻石糖
abc英语手抄报:
人们都知道,英文有26个字母。但这26个字母的来历,知道的人恐怕就不多了。原来,英文字母渊源于拉丁字母,拉丁字母渊源于希腊字母,而希腊字母则是由腓尼基字母演变而来的。
腓尼基是地中海东岸的文明古国,其地理位置大约相当于今天黎巴嫩和叙利亚的沿海一带。“腓尼基”是希腊人对这一地区的称谓,意思是“紫色之国”,该地盛产紫色染料而得名。罗马人则称之为“布匿”。
公元前20世纪初,在腓尼基产生一些小的奴隶制城邦,但从未形成统一的国家。在古代,腓尼基以工商业和航海业闻名于世。至公元前10世纪前后,其活动范围已达今塞浦路斯、西西里岛、撒丁岛、法国、西班牙和北部非洲,并建立了许多殖民地。公元前8世纪以后,亚述、新巴比伦等国相继侵入腓尼基。公元前6世纪,腓尼基终于被波斯帝国兼并。
大约公元前13世纪,腓尼基人创造了人类历史上第一批字母文字,共22个字母(无元音)。这是腓尼基人对人类文化的伟大贡献。腓尼基字母是世界字母文字的开端。
在西方,它派生出古希腊字母,后者又发展为拉丁字母和斯拉夫字母。而希腊字母和拉丁字母是所有西方国家字母的基础。
在东方,它派生出阿拉美亚字母,由此又演化出印度、阿拉伯、希伯莱、波斯等民族字母。中国的维吾尔、蒙古、满文字母也是由此演化而来。
据考证,腓尼基字母主要是依据古埃及的图画文字制定的。
在古埃及,“A”是表示“牛头”的图画;“B”是表示“家”或“院子”的图画;“C”和“G”是表示“曲尺”的图画;“D”是表示“门扇”的图画;“E”是表示一个“举起双手叫喊的人”的图画;“F”、“V”、“Y”是表示“棍棒”或“支棒”的图画;“H”是表示“一节麻丝卷”的图画;“I”是表示“展开的手”的图画;“K”是表示“手掌”的图画;“M”是表示“水”的图画;“N”是表示“蛇”的图画;“O”是表示“眼睛”的图画;“P”是表示“嘴巴”的图画;“Q”是表示“绳圈”的图画;“R”是表示“人头”的图画;“S”和“X”是表示“丘陵地”或“鱼”的图画;“T”是表示“竖十字型”的图画;“Z”是表示“撬”或“箭”的图画。
公元前2世纪时,拉丁字母已包括了这23个字母。
后来,为了雕刻和手写的方便,并为了使元音的“V”和辅音的“V”相区别,便把原来的“V”的下方改成圆形而定为元音“U”;又把两个“V”连起来变出了一个做辅音用“W”,这个“W”的出现已是11世纪的事了。后来人们又把“I”稍稍变化而另创出一个辅音字母“J”。这样,原来的23个字母再加上“U”、“W”、“J”三个字母,就构成了26个字母的字母表了。中世纪时,拉丁字母基本定型,后世西方文字(当然也包括英文)都是由它演变而来。
cleopatrazz
Going South by Driving the Chariot North Once a man wanted to go to the south, but his carriage was heading north.A passer-by asked him:' If you are going to the south, why is your chariot heading north?
The man answered,"My horse is good at running, my driver is highly skiled at driving a cariage, and I have enough money. The man didn't consider that the direction might be wrong: the beter his conditions were, the further he was away from his destination.
Sally-yiner
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一、英语故事
Once upon a time, there was an old man who lived with his son on the borders of the country. They both very much enjoyed riding horses. One day, a servant reported to the old man, “One of our good horses has gone missing. It seems the horse ran across to the neighboring country.”
Old man’s friends came and comforted him. However, the old man said: “Well, this is not necessarily a bad thing. Who knows!”
Couple of months later, a strange thing happened. The missing horse came back, accompanied by a great steed from the neighboring country. When his friends congratulated him on this great news, the old man said: “Well, this might bring us bad luck.”
One day, his son was having fun riding on the fine [new] steed. Suddenly, he fell from the hose and broke his leg. His son was never able to walk again. Again, his friends came to comfort the old man. But the old man was not bothered and said: “This accident might bring us good luck in the future.”
A year later, all young men in the country were drafted to join a war. Most young men who fought died on the battlefield. Luckily, his son avoided entering the war because of his broken leg.
从前,一位老翁和他的儿子住在塞外的边境上。他们都非常喜欢骑马。有一天,他们家的仆人给老先生报告:”我们家的.一匹骏马走丢了,好像跑去邻国了。”
老翁的朋友闻讯都过来安慰他。但老先生说:“呵呵,这也许不是坏事,谁知道呢!"
几个月之后,奇妙的事情发生了,那匹走失了的骏马意外地跑回来了,并且从邻国带来了一匹新的骏马。老翁的好友纷纷过来祝贺他。老翁说:“唉,这也许不是什么好事情呢!”
一天,老翁的儿子正在骑那匹新的骏马,突然不小心从马上掉了下来并摔断了腿。他从今以后都不能正常走路了。老翁的朋友都为老翁感到伤心,但老翁却说:“这个意外以后能为咱们带来好运也不一定。”
一年后,全国上下的年轻男子都被抓去打仗,大部分去参军的年轻人都死在了战场。老翁的儿子因为腿受伤了所以避过了这一次劫难。
二、英语谚语
1) Tall trees catch much wind.树大招风。
2) Teach others by your example.躬亲示范。
3) The best hearts are always the bravest.无私者无畏。
4) The best man stumbles.伟人也有犯错时。
5) The cat shuts its eyes when stealing.掩耳盗铃。
6) The danger past and God forgotten.过河拆桥。
7) The darkest hour is nearest the dawn.黎明前的黑暗。
8) The darkest place is under the candlestick.烛台底下最暗。
9) The devil knows many things because he is old.老马识途。
10) The devil sometimes speaks the truth魔鬼有时也会说真话。
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