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生命探测器的英文故事？生命探测仪是美国超视安全系统公司于2005年新近推出的一种安全救生系统。著名物理学家，麻省理工学院博士大卫·席思（DavidCist）创造性地将雷达超宽频技术（UWB）应用于安全救生领域，从而为该领域带来一项革命性的新技术。Life detector is a kind of safety and rescue system recently launched by American super vision security system company in 2005. Famous physicist and MIT doctor DavidCist has brought a revolutionary new technology to the field of safety and survival by creatively applying UWB technology to the field.1.红外探测红外生命探测仪任何物体只要温度在绝对零度以上都会产生红外辐射，人体也是天然的红外辐射源。但人体的红外辐射特性与周围环境的红外辐射特性不同，红外生命探测仪就是利用它们之间的差别，以成像的方式把要搜索的目标与背景分开。人体的红外辐射能量较集中的中心波长为9。4μm，人体皮肤的红外辐射范围为3～50μm，其中8～14μm占全部人体辐射能量的46%，这个波长是设计人体红外探测仪的重要的技术参数。红外生命探测仪能经受救援现场的恶劣条件，可在震后的浓烟、大火和黑暗的环境中搜寻生命。红外生命探测仪探测出遇难者身体的热量，光学系统将接收到的人体热辐射能量聚焦在红外传感器上后转变成电信号，处理后经监视器显示红外热像图，从而帮助救援人员确定遇难者的位置。红外探测设备最早应用于军事，并随着科学技术的发展而不断改进。1988年瑞典AGA公司推出的全功能热像仪能将温度的测量、修改、分析及图像采集、储存合于一体，并利用这一技术研制出便携式全功能热像仪，主要用于军事侦查。随着社会的发展，各国都开始重视研制用于减少各种灾害造成的人员伤亡的技术设备，红外探测技术也由军用转变为救援仪器——红外生命探测仪。1.Infrared detectionLife detectorInfrared Life Detector Any object as long as the temperature above absolute zero will produce infrared radiation, the human body is a natural source of infrared radiation. But the infrared radiation characteristics of human body and the infrared radiation characteristics of the surrounding environment is different, infrared life detector is to use the difference between them, in the way of imaging to search the target and the background separate. The central wavelength of infrared radiation energy of human body is 9. 4μm, the infrared radiation range of human skin is 3 ~ 50μm, of which 8 ~ 14μm accounts for 46% of the total human body radiation energy, this wavelength is an important technical parameter for the design of human body infrared detector.Infrared Life Detector can withstand the harsh conditions of a rescue site, searching for life in the smoke, fire and darkness after an earthquake. The infrared life detector detects the body heat of the victims, and the optical system focuses the thermal radiation energy received by the human body on the infrared sensor and converts it into electrical signals. After processing, the infrared thermal image is displayed by the monitor, thus helping rescue workers to determine the location of the victims.Infrared detection equipment was first used in military, and with the development of science and technology and continuous improvement. In 1988, AGA Company of Sweden introduced the full-function thermal imager, which can measure, modify, analyze, collect and store the temperature in one, and developed the portable full-function thermal imager by using this technology, which is mainly used in military reconnaissance. With the development of society, countries have begun to pay attention to the development of technical equipment used to reduce casualties caused by various disasters, infrared detection technology has also been transformed from military rescue instruments - infrared life detection instrument.2.音频探测音频生命探测仪音频生命探测仪应用了声波及震动波的原理，采用先进的微电子处理器和声音/振动传感器，进行全方位的振动信息收集，可探测以空气为载体的各种声波和以其它媒体为载体的振动，并将非目标的噪音波和其它背景干扰波过滤，进而迅速确定被困者的位置。高灵敏度的音频生命探测仪采用两级放大技术，探头内置频率放大器，接收频率范围为1～4000Hz，主机收到目标信号后再次升级放大。这样，它通过探测地下微弱的诸如被困者呻吟、呼喊、爬动、敲打等产生的音频声波和振动波，就可以判断生命是否存在。音频生命探测仪是一套以人机交互为基础的探测系统，包括信号的检测、监听、选取、储存和处理等几个方面。在研制过程中的关键技术包括：高灵敏度传感器的研制；通过对声波和震动波数理模型的研究确定信号有效性的判据和有效信号源位置的判定。由于音频生命探测仪是一种被动接收音频信号和振动信号的仪器，救援时需要在废墟中寻找空隙伸入探头，容易受到现场噪音的影响，探测速度较慢。2.Audio detectionAudio life detector audio detectors applied the principle of acoustic vibration wave, USES the advanced microelectronics processor and sound/vibration sensor, the vibration of a full information collection, can detect with air as the carrier of all kinds of sound wave and the vibration of the other media as a carrier, and will be the target of noise and other background interference wave filter, and then quickly locate the trapped persons. High sensitivity audio life detector adopts two-stage amplification technology, the probe built-in frequency amplifier, receiving frequency range of 1 ~ 4000Hz, the host after receiving the target signal upgraded and amplified again. It can then detect the presence of life by detecting faint subterranean sound waves and vibrations, such as the groans, cries, crawls and knocks of trapped people.Audio life detector is a set of detection system based on human-computer interaction, including the detection, monitoring, selection, storage and processing of signals. The key technologies in the development process include: the development of high sensitivity sensor; Through the study of the mathematical model of sound wave and vibration wave, the criterion of the validity of the signal and the determination of the location of the effective signal source are determined. Because the audio life detector is a passive receiver of audio signals and vibration signals of the instrument, the rescue need to find a gap in the ruins into the probe, easy to be affected by the noise of the site, the detection speed is slow.3.雷达探测雷达生命探测仪是融合雷达技术、生物医学工程技术于一体的生命探测设备。它主要利用电磁波的反射原理制成，通过检测人体生命活动所引起的各种微动，从这些微动中得到呼吸、心跳的有关信息，从而辨识有无生命。雷达生命探测仪是世界上最先进的生命探测仪，它主动探测的方式使其不易受到温度、湿度、噪音、现场地形等因素的影响，电磁信号连续发射机制更增加了其区域性侦测的功能。超宽谱雷达生命探测仪是该类型中最先进的一种。它的穿透能力强，能探测到被埋生命体的呼吸、体动等生命特征，并能精确测量被埋生命体的距离深度，具有强的抗干扰能力，不受环境温度、热物体和声音干扰的影响，具有广泛的应用前景。超宽谱雷达生命探测仪具有很大的相对带宽（信号的带宽与中心频率之比），一般大于25%，检验人体生命参数是以脉冲形式的微波束照射人体，由于人体生命活动（呼吸、心跳、肠蠕动等）的存在，使得被人体反射后的回波脉冲序列的重复周期发生变化。如果对经人体反射后的回波脉冲序列进行解调、积分、放大、滤波等处理并输入计算机进行数据处理和分析，就可以得到与被测人体生命特征相关的参数。超宽谱雷达生命探测仪用于震区生命探测具有穿透力强、作用距离精确、抗干扰能力强、多目标探测能力强、探测灵敏度高等优点，探测距离可达30～50m，穿透实体砖墙厚度可达2m以上，可隔着几间房探测到人，并具有人体自动识别功能，在生命探测领域拥有广泛的应用前景。与红外生命探测仪、音频生命探测仪相比更实用，因此成为研究的热点。生命探测技术的发展，必将使其应用范围不断扩大，如用于医学上的非接触式生命监护等，将通过更多的途径挽救生命，造福人类。3.Radar detectionRadar life detector is a life detection equipment which integrates radar technology and biomedical engineering technology. It is mainly made of the reflection principle of electromagnetic waves, through the detection of human life activities caused by a variety of micro-movement, from these micro-movement to get the breathing, heartbeat information, so as to identify whether there is life. The radar life detector is the most advanced life detector in the world. Its active detection method makes it not susceptible to temperature, humidity, noise, field topography and other factors. The continuous emission mechanism of electromagnetic signal increases its function of regional detection.The ultra-wide spectrum radar life detector is one of the most advanced of its type. It has strong penetration ability, can detect the breathing, body movement and other life characteristics of buried life, and can accurately measure the distance and depth of buried life, with strong anti-interference ability, not affected by ambient temperature, hot objects and sound interference, has a wide range of application prospects. Ultra wide spectrum radar detector life has a great deal of relative bandwidth (the ratio of the signal bandwidth and center frequency), generally greater than 25%, the test parameters of human body life in the form of pulse microwave beam body, due to the human body life activities (breathing, heartbeat, bowel movements, etc.), make the body after reflection echo pulse sequence repeated cycles of change. If the echo pulse sequence after the reflection of the human body is processed by demodulation, integration, amplification and filtering and input to the computer for data processing and analysis, the parameters related to the life characteristics of the measured human body can be obtained.Ultra wide spectrum radar life detectors used in the quake zone has strong penetrating power, range precision, strong anti-interference ability, multiple target detection ability, high detection sensitivity, etc. The detection range can be up to 30 ~ 50 m, penetrate solid brick wall thickness can reach more than 2 m, can be separated by a few rooms to detect people, and has the function of automatic identification of the human body, has broad application prospects in the field of life detection. Compared with infrared life detector and audio life detector, it is more practical, so it has become a research hotspot. With the development of life detection technology, its application scope will be expanded continuously, such as non-contact life monitoring in medicine, which will save lives and benefit mankind through more ways.还有其他种类的生命探测器。
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