常用英语特殊句式

文言文特殊句式1.用“者”“也”表示，这是典型的文言判断形式。2.用副词“乃、则、即、 皆”等表判断3.用动词“为、是”表示判断4.用“非、未、弗”等表示否定的判断

特殊句式，最常见而且有名的就是倒装句式。这个现代汉语，古代文言文，英语里都有。其他比如文言文还有，判断句，被动句，省略句等等。英语里，比如祈使句，省略句，强调句，以及带固定引导词的好多种特殊句式。

历年高考英语特殊句式专题精选1. —How is the little girl injured in the Wenzhou train collision（温州动车事故）?—The doctor said if______ in a proper way, she was likely to be saved. A. is treated B. treating C. treated D. to be treated解析：答案C。本句考查省略句。相当于if she was treated in a proper way…2. Was it in the lake ______she was saved by a solider? A. where B. that C. which D. what解析：答案B。考查强调句。此处强调的是句子的地点状语in the lake，是强调句的一般疑问句句型：Was it + 被强调部分+ that+句子？3. _____ an strange animal! I've never seen it before. A. Which B. What C. How D. Whether解析：答案B。考查感叹句。“多么奇怪的植物啊！我以前从没见过。”此处为“How+ adj. +a/an +n.+ it is/was”的省略结构，故B项正确。4. It doesn’t matter if he will come to my party, _______? A. doesn’t it B. does it C. don’t he D. won’t he解析：答案B。考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为否定，故附加部分为肯定，句意：他是否来参加我的派对，没有关系，是不是？5. You may have finished your homework. _____ , you can go on to play football. A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so 解析：答案D。省略句的用法。If so = If you have done that / so。6. Hardly ________ the railway station when the train took off. A. I had arrived at; when B. had I arrived; than C. had I reached; when D. I had got to; than答案C 解析：hardly位于句首，句子使用倒装句式，并且和when搭配。7. —Have you ever seen anything like that before? —No, ________ anything like that before. A. I never have seen B. never I have seen C. never have I seen D. I have seen解析：答案C。本句考查倒装句。否定词never置于句首，后面的句子倒装。8. He is not fond of cooking, ________ I. A. so am B. nor am C. neither D. nor do解析：答案B。本句考查倒装句。否定句中当某事适合于两个事物或两个人时，常用nor或neither构成倒装句。9. Only by this means ________ make great progress in our English study. A. we B. can we C. we can D. will we be able to解析：答案B。本句考查倒装句。only 放在句首，后面跟介词短语、副词或者状语从句，后面的句子使用倒装句式。10. I like playing football and _______. A. so does Tom B. so is Tom C. so can Tom D. so Tom likes解析：答案A。本句考查倒装句。当一件事适合两个人或两件事，肯定句中用so接倒装句11. So loudly ________ that ________ hear him clearly. A. did he speak; could everyone B. did he speak; everyone could C. he spoke; could everyone D. he spoke; everyone could解析：答案B。本句考查倒装句。结果状语从句中，so后面使用倒装句，从句部分不必倒装。12. I’m a student and I like English very much, ___________. A. so is Li Hua B. so does Li Hua C. so it is with Li Hua D. so it was with Li Hua解析：答案C。本句考查倒装句。当句子有两个谓语，特别当一个是系动词，一个是行为动词时，常使用so it is/was …结构。13. Not until I began to work ________ realize how much time I had wasted. A. didn’t I B. did I C. I didn’t D. have I解析：答案B。本句考查倒装句。not until放在句首后面的主句使用倒装句式。时态要前后一致。14. _____, he’s honest. A. As he is poor B. Poor is he C. Poor as he is D. Poor as is he解析：答案C。本句考查倒装句。让步状语从句由as引导，常会把作表语的形容词、名词，作状语的副词，作谓语的动词提前到句首，形成倒装句。15. Many a time ________ shopping alone. A. the girl went B. went the girl C. did the girl go D. did go the girl解析：答案C。本句考查倒装句。状语提前，主谓语部分倒装。16. _____ a beautiful tower ________ the top of the hill. A. There stand; at B. There stands; under C. Stands there; under D. There stands; at解析：答案D。本句考查倒装句。副词there放在句首，主谓完全倒装。17. There ________. And here ________. A. goes the bell; she comes B. is the bell going; is she C. does the bell go; does she come D. the bell goes; come she解析：答案A。本句考查倒装句。副词there或者here放在句首，句子完全倒装。18. Out ________, with a ruler in his hand. A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush解析：答案C。本句考查倒装句。副词out放在句首，如果主语为人称代词，主谓不完全倒装。19. Near the church ________ village. A. was such an old B. had a so old C. was such old a D. is so an old解析：答案A。本句考查倒装句。介词短语near the church放在句首，主谓倒装。20. It is not how much we learn but how much love we put into what we do______ benefits our work most. A. who B. which C. that D. what解析：答案C。本句考查强调句。强调句型:It is/was +被强调部分+that连接句子的其他部分。21. Only when I arrived the cinema ______I was late again. A. I realized B. I did realize C. realized I D. did I realize解析：答案D。本题考察倒装句， Only引导的状语从句位于句首，应把主句中动词的助动词提前构成部分倒装。22. Li Hua won’t join us in playing football this afternoon and . A. neither won’t I B. I won’t either C. I will too D. so will I解析：答案B。考查特殊句式。本句是否定句，故使用either，而too一般用于肯定句中。此处也可以用so倒装的否定式，即neither/nor will I．注意A项中neither表否定意义，所以不能用won’t。23. It seems that something is wrong with my computer._______ , I’d like to take it to the compliant desk immediately. A. Otherwise B. If not C. But for that D. If so解析：答案D。考查省略和替代。前后两句话之间是顺承关系。Otherwise否则，要不然；if not要不，不然；but for that若不是因为那件事；if so若是这样。24. I opened the door. There _____ I had never seen before. A. a boy did stand B. a boy stood C. did a boy stand D. stood a boy解析：答案D。考查特殊句式。Here, There, Thus, Then等副词位于句首, 且当句子的主语是名词时,句子用全部倒装句, 选D。25. Every day after supper, if not from homework, I will spend some time taking a walk with my friend. A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired解析：答案C。本句考查省略句式。if引导的条件状语从句中, 从句中还原应为if I am not tired from homework, 根据省略的原则, 所以答案选C。26. She must be helping her mother water the garden, ? A. is she B. isn’t she C. must she D. mustn’t she 解析：答案B。本题考查反意疑问句。陈述句中的谓语中虽有情态动词must, 但此处must表示对正在进行的动作进行推测。而must后有助动词be, 故反意疑问句根据助动词be来构成, 选B。27.—I wonder ______ you’ll water this kind of flower. —Every other day. A. how often B. how long C. how soon D. how much 解析：答案A。相似疑问词的区别。根据答语Every other day可知对方问的是多久浇一次这种花。how often问频率, 符合题意。 28. It is that Prime Minister David Cameron（卡梅伦首相） blamed the worst riots（骚乱） in Britain the other day. A. reported B. to report C. reporting D. being reported解析：答案A。本句考查固定句型（it is +Ved +that从句）。29.—What’s wrong with Mary? —Well, her parents wouldn’t allow her to go out at night alone, but she still ________ . A. hopes to B. hopes so C. hopes not D. hopes for解析：答案A。本句考查固定搭配hope to do sth. 在不定式作简略回答时, 常常将不定式to之后的内容省略。30. the website of China daily, and you will learn a lot from it. A. Search B. To search C. Searching D. Having searched解析：答案A。此题考查祈使句+and+简单句。祈使句+and+简单句, 相当于if引导的条件状语从句。31.China has already sent up three spacecraft, the most recent at the end of last March. A. has been launched B. having been launched C. being launched D. to be launched解析：答案B。此题考查独立主格结构。句中没有连接词, 故不能选作谓语动词的A项；the most recent having been launched为独立主格结构, 由at the end of last March可知应选用表示动作完成的B项。32. Kate, here—everybody else, stay where you are. A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming解析：答案A。本题考查了祈使句的用法。Kate和everybody else作为呼语出现, 后面的句子为祈使句, 省略了第二人称的主语you, 故应用动词原形。33. I forgot to bring my ticket, but please let me enter the theatre, ? A. do you B. can we C. will you D. shall we解析：答案C。此题考查祈使句的反意疑问句。祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will you, 意思是 “好吗,可以吗”。34. It was when she got what she had wanted she realized it was not so necessary. A. that B. when C. since D. as解析：答案A。此题考查强调句。强调句的结构是It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余成分。强调句子的时间状语when she got what she had wanted。35. China's railway system is said the brakes（高铁 “刹车”） these days. A. that it hits B. to hit C. that it has hit D. to have hit解析：答案D。句型sb. /sth. is said to+不定式。句型sb. /sth. is said to+不定式, 当不定式动作表示完成时, 不定式需用完成形式,因此选D项。36. Water is to human beings oil is to machines. A. as B. that C. what D. which解析：答案C。此题考查固定句型“A is to B what C is to D”。句意为：水对于人类正如石油对于机器一样。37.— I reminded you not to forget your homework.— . A. So you did B. So I do not C. So did you D. So do I解析：答案A。本题考查 “so+助动词+主语”与 “so+主语+助动词”的意义区别。so+与前句相同的主语+助动词, 表示赞同, 意为 “确实”。38. to cure the terrible disease, the patient turn to her doctor for help to end his life. A. Having given hope B. With no hope C. There being hope D. In the hope解析：答案B。本题考查with结构（独立主格结构）。根据句意和结构, 显然其余三项不符合。39. in sea trial(航母试航) that he decided to watch TV instead of doing his homework. A. So interested the boy was B. So interested was the boy C. How interested the boy was D. The boy was such interested解析：答案B。此题考查主谓一致和倒装结构。句意为:这个男孩对于航母试航是那样的感兴趣；以至于他决定去看电视而不做作业。so修饰的形容词或副词提到句首，句子用部分倒装。40. After the initial exchange of fire（第一轮交火）near the Yeonpyeong island(延坪岛), there was no further response from the DRPK, ? A. wasn’t there B. was there C. didn’t it D. did it解析：答案B。考查反意疑问句。因为陈述部分是肯定形式, 所以反意疑问部分用否定形式。41. She has worked for more than 12 hours. she is tired out. A. It is no way B. There is no need C. It is no wonder D. There is no point 解析：答案C。本题考查固定句型。句意为：她已经工作了12个小时之多, 怪不得那么疲倦。It is no way. 没门；There is no need.不需要；There is no point. 没有意义。42.—What can we do with this passage?— the main idea of each paragraph. A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out解析：答案C。本题考查在具体语境中的省略。第二句补充完整应为You should find out the main idea of each paragraph。43. Don’t be excited. things as they are and you will enjoy your own life. A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Taken解析：答案C。考查“祈使句+and+简单句”句型。表示如果……就……。

一、强调式 英语谚语结构紧凑，富于表达力。强调句式因其重点明确的特点，被英语谚语广泛采用。根据表意需要，被强调的成分很灵活。 （一）普通强调式 1 倒装结构强调式 倒装结构强调式的运用充分体现了英语谚语结构匀称、重点鲜明的特点。英语谚语中的倒装结构常常是将需强调部分前置，使之受到特殊强调。不仅能突出语义重点，还能起到平衡句子结构、避免头重脚轻的作用。例如： （1）In wine there is truth. 酒后吐真言。 （2）Happy is he who owns nothing. 无债一身轻。 上述例子中，例（1）强调状语；例（2）中强调表语，使句子结构平衡，重点语义突出。 2 一般"IT"强调式 这类句子通常以句型"It is(was)+被强调部分+that/who+�6�8"为载体，突出句子的主体部分。在英语谚语中，一般强调部分为主语。这类强调句简单易懂，不会引起任何歧义。例如： （3）It is a sad heart that never rejoices. 不知世间有乐事最可悲。 （4）It is a foolish sheep that makes the wolf his confessor. 让狼当其忏悔师是的羊是笨羊。（不可将秘密告诉敌人。）除此之外，还有双重否定结构强调式，如：It is never too old tolearn（. 活到老，学到老）等。 （二）特殊强调式 这类句子最大的特点是其语义为反语，很容易与上述"一般'IT'强调式"混淆，造成误解。因此，必须了解其特点，仔细推敲其含义。 例如： （5）It is an ill wind that blows nobody good. 不论怎样的恶风，也不会使人人都不舒服。（误解：恶风吹的人人都不舒服。） （6）It is awiseman that nevermakesmistakes. 智者也有失策时。（误解：智者从不犯错。） （7）It is a long lane that has no turning. 路不会老不转，事不会一成不变。（误解：长路不转弯。） （8）It is a wise father that knows his own child. 父再明也未必知其子。（误解：明智父亲知其子。） （9）It is a bold mouse that nestles in the cat's house.再勇敢的老鼠也不会在猫的耳朵里安家。（做不必要的冒险算不得真勇敢。）（误解：只有勇敢的老鼠才在猫的耳朵里安家。） 总结上述例子，这类反语式强调句实际上隐含了让步意味，其反语意思需要从上下文或谚语本身的逻辑中分析出来（注意与一般"IT"强调式相区分）。简单说来，这类句子语义可理解为：语义否定"that" 后的部分。如例（5）（6）中，"that" 后的部分为否定，其实际意义为肯定；例（7）（8）（9）反之。 二、省略式 省略是一种避免重复、突出关键词语并使上下文紧密连接的语法手段。英语谚语中，因其口语化的特点，高度压缩的省略句式相当常见。这些省略句式中，有时甚至只保留需要强调和突出的中心词语，其余的部分均省略。但省略的前提条件是表达无歧义。省略后的句子结构格外简练，语义更为突出，表意能力也大为增强。 （一）普通省略句式 这类句式成分省略较少且省略成分显而易见，如句中前后重复部分、小品词、be 动词、have 等简单实义动词等等。例如： （10）A bird in hand is worth two in the bush. 一鸟在手胜于两鸟在林。 （11）Everyone to his tastes. 人各有所好。 （12）Lookers seekers, finders keepers. 丢失者寻找，寻到者拥有。 很明显，例（10）中" two"后省略了重复成分"birds"从而使句子更简洁；而例（11）和（12）中则分别省略了使用频率极高的谓语动词"has" 和"is",读者很容易理解，从而使句子"短益求短"。 （二）特殊省略句式这类句式形式上为对称的并列复合省略句，意义实质上表达主从复合句的内容。英语谚语具有短小精悍、朗朗上口的特点，主从复合句因其句子长、结构复杂等弱点，往往需要经过千锤百炼。许多英语谚语便常采用并列复合句的形式来表达主从复合句的内容。