高考英语词汇听力

2011年高考英语听力考试十大必备场景词汇高考(论坛)考试的对话内容场景基本上都是考生所熟悉的，有校园、生活、工作、各种社交场所。了解一些场景下的常用语和常见表达对解题是很有帮助的。对这些常用词汇和短语不仅要知道其本身的意思，还要知道它们的同义表达方式。这是因为现在听力试题一般不会在选项中出现对话中的原词和词组。以下场景是对话当中所占比例最大的，掌握了这些场景下的常用短语和表达方式，也就从词汇和短语方面抓住了解题的关键。(1)餐馆场景：order 点菜 serve 上菜 change 零钱 Keep the change! 不用找零钱了! tip 小费 treat 请客 (This is my treat! 我请客!)go Dutch AA制 (Let’s go fifty fifty. ) steak 牛排 cheese奶酪 sandwich 三明治 bacon 腌肉 soup 汤 plain water 自来水(西餐中洗手用的)doughnut 多纳圈 appetizer 开胃物 dessert甜品，水果(作为正餐的最后一道) go out for dinner / dinner out 出去吃饭 snack bar 小吃街;大排挡 hamburger 汉堡包 coke 可口可乐 French fries 炸薯条 dining hall ;coffee shop ;restaurant ;cafeteria ;canteen; buffet 自助餐(2)邮局场景：stamp envelope package / parcel 包裹 overweight 超重 extra postage 额外邮资 send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /发信 express mail 快件 airmail 航空信件 surface mail 陆地邮寄open an account 开一个帐户(3)图书馆场景：library card; borrow; lend; keep; renew; bookshelf; novel; science fiction科幻小说;magazine; periodical期刊; reference book; librarian 图书管理员 pay a fine 交罚款 Can I help you? / What can I do for you?(4)医院及健康场景：aspirin 阿司匹林 regular doctor 私人医生 emergence department 急诊室 ICU (= intensive care unit)特护病房 treatment 治疗手段 take one’s temperature / blood pressure 测量体温/血压 medicine: pills / tablets药丸/药片 heart attack 心脏病 cold / flu 流感：have/catch a cold; pain; headache; stomach-ache; backache; sore-throat喉咙痛 cough; fever。What’s up? (多用于男生之间)How is it going? How are you? 回答：I’m fine. / I feel good/terrific. / I couldn’t be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。 I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。 (注意听语气：身体好的时候，语调上扬，语气非常欢快; 身体不好的时候，降调，语气非常郁闷。)(5)电话场景：operator 接线员 Extension six two two six, please. 请转6226。 The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 电话占线。long distance call 长途电话 collect call 对方付费的电话 put through 接通电话 hold on / up Hold the line, please. Hello! This is …speaking. Who’s speaking? / who is this? call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb. ;give sb. a call/ ring I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again. I couldn’t get through. Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.(6)酒店场景：make a reservation 预定房间 reception desk 接待处 check in 入住 check out 结帐 single room 单间 suite套间 Do you have a reservation Sir? Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?)有空房间吗?All the room are occupied. 房间已满。Can I have a suite please? How much do you charge for that? Smoking or no smoking? Meals included. 包括饮食。Can I show you your room? / Can I carry your luggage?(7)超速场景：speeding May I see your license, please? You will be fined by $20.(8)购物场景：store 杂货店 department store 百货商场 shopping center 购物中心 商品信息：size; color; style; price What color/size/kind do you want? 商品论贵贱expensive, cheap 价格论高低high, low bargain便宜货 popular / fashionable 流行的 in fashion 流行，时尚 out of fashion 过时的 brand 品牌 counter 柜台 pay in cash 用现金支付 pay in check 用支票支付 credit card 信用卡 shop assistant 商店营业员 out of stock 脱销/缺货 in stock 有货(9)天气场景：cloudy 阴天 overcast 多云 thunder 打雷 strong/ high wind 大风 tornado 龙卷风 typhoon 台风 storm 风暴 blizzard暴风雨 It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下着倾盆大雨。downpour倾盆大雨 shower 阵雨 clear up 天空放晴 put away clothes 下雨收衣服 weather in London / Seattle 意指不好的天气 weather in California 意指好天气 经常和天气相联系的情况：vacation 和 flight(航班) (be delayed/cancelled by the bad weather)(10)机场场景：flight 航班 Welcome on board 欢迎登机 bound for…飞往……方向去的 check in 办理登机手续 behind schedule 晚点 take off 起飞land降落2011年高考英语听力必记词汇2011年高考英语听力必记词汇：月份、星期、交通、、货币（钱）、地点（情景用语）等词汇。1、月份12 months: Abb. January Jan. February Feb. March Mar. April Apr. May May. June Jun. July Jul. August Aug. September Sep(t). October Oct. November Nov. December Dec. 2、星期Seven days: Abb. Sunday Sun. Monday Mon. Tuesday Tue. Wednesday Wed(s). Thursday Thu. Friday Fri. Saturday Sat. 3、交通Traffic, plane, bus, car, train, subway(underground), boat, ship, taxi, transportation, timetable, journey, speed, 4、货币(钱)U. S Dollar, Hong Kong Dollar (HK$), yuan, RMB￥ , pound (￡), pocket change, coin, check, cash, credit card, bank, 5、地点(情景用语)餐馆(restaurant)用语： meal, menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger, sandwich, soup, dish, beer, soft drink, fully booked,等; 医院(hospital)用语： take medicine, temperature, pill, headache, fever, blood pressure, waiting room, 等; 宾馆(hotel)用语： single room, double room, room number, room service, check in, check out, lift / elevator等; 邮局(post office)用语： mail, deliver, stamp, envelope, telegram, postage等; 机场(airport)用语： flight, take off, land, luggage, China Airline, information desk, boarding, customs, departure time, arrival,等; 车站(station)用语： round trip, single trip, sleeping car, ticket, fair, conductor, 等; 商店(shop)用语： on sale, size, color, price, change, customer, expensive, cheap, discount, 等; 学校(school)用语： exam, course, dining hall, playground, library, lab, degree, foreign language, 等。 家庭(family)用语： relatives, relationship, reunion, uncle, parents, aunt, family-get-together, generation, 6、节日holiday, festival, Mid-autumn Day, May Day, National Day, Teachers’ Day, Children’s Day, Mother(Father)’s Day, New Year, Christmas Day, Thanksgiving Day, Easter ,Halloween, Valentine’s Day, 7、体育Basketball, football ,volleyball, baseball, tennis, table-tennis, badminton running , swimming, shooting, fishing, surfing ,skating ,rock climbing, jumping, gym, stadium, 8、娱乐concert, show, exhibition, film, movie, play, theatre, museum, music, entertainment, band, chess, amusement park, nightclub, picnic, bowling, 9、职业clerk , secretary, manager , boss, professor, lawyer, businessman, driver, doctor nurse, headmaster, headmistress, librarian, engineer, technician, farmer, policeman policewoman, coach, 10、健康(问题)health, gain weight, lost weight, keep fit, balanced diet, smoking, Aids, Sars, 11、时间Century, year, month, week, day, hour, minute, second, yesterday, today, tomorrow, weekend, At noon, morning, afternoon, evening, night, 12、科目Chinese Mathematics English Physics Chemistry Biology Politics History Geography Arts Music Physical Education (P E) 13、国籍(nationality)Chinese, Japanese, German, French, American, Australian, Englishman, Russian, New-Zealander, Canadian, Italian, Spanish, 14、主要国家、地区、城市The People’s Republic of China，Beijing ，The United States of America，USA ，New York，Chicago ,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ，U.K，London ，France，Paris, Germany, Berlin, Australia, Canberra / Sydney, Japan, Tokyo, Canada ,Toronto/ Ottawa, Italy , Rome, Spain , Madrid , Russia , Moscow, Europe, 15、数(量)词Million, thousand, hundred, dozen, score, decade, first, second, third, forth, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, twentieth, 16、科技computer, surf the Internet, technology, science, information, e-mail, download, on line, off line, clone, robot, cell phone/ mobile phone, satellite, spaceship, fax, 17、Clothes(衣物)clothing , dress, suit, evening dress, jacket, shirt ,skirt, T-shirt, trousers pants, shorts, blouse, sweater, coat, overcoat, tie, socks, stockings, shoes, boots hat , cap ,uniform 18、Food and drinks(食物与饮料)hamburger, sandwich(es), bread, flour, milk, pork, beef, lamb, chicken , fish, rice, vegetable, black-tea, green-tea , coffee, black coffee, wine, alcohol, soft drinks2011高考英语：题型复习全攻略之听力篇数字型试题主要考查数字，包括数量、年龄、时间、价格等，可以出现在听力考试的所有题型中；地点型试题主要考查地点，该项内容的考查多为以where开头的特殊疑问句；推断型试题不仅包括推断数字和地点，还常考查学生对人物身份、关系，人物态度、情感以及事件原因的推断；主题型试题主要考查学生对短对话或短文独白的主要内容的把握能力。对于高考听力，把握考查测试点和相关技巧是非常重要的，下面就常见的高考听力考点做一下归纳和总结。一、数字。数字型试题主要考查数字，包括数量、年龄、时间、价格等，可以出现在听力考试的所有题型中。针对不同的数字型试题，考生可以采取记录、判断以及推断等不同技巧进行答题。提示1：如对电话号码、门牌号、航班号、车牌号等，考生可采取听写记录所需数字。提示2：对判断类数字题需要在听到的两个或两个以上数字中判断符合题意的数字。提示3：对推断类数字题则通常涉及到简单的数学四则运算，需稍加计算，才能得出正确答案。二、地点。地点型试题主要考查地点，该项内容的考查多为以where开头的特殊疑问句，如：Where does the conversation most probably take place?(这段对话最可能发生在什么场合?)解这类试题时，我们需要有一些积累和推断。提示1：熟悉、积累常用地名，如国家、首都、大城市、著名的标志性建筑以及著名山川河流的名称等。提示2：熟悉、积累与各个地点场所有关的单词、短语、句型和场景。提示3：根据对话内容，结合生活常识进行逻辑推断，从而得知对话发生地点。由于地点型试题可能出现在填空中，因此考生还需要注意地点名称的大小写，做到拼写准确规范。三、推断。推断型试题不仅包括推断数字和地点，还常考查学生对人物身份、关系，人物态度、情感以及事件原因的推断。一般来说，此类题通常出现在短对话中。提示1：平时熟悉、积累不同人物身份及人物关系所对应的单词、短语、句型和场景，测试时根据对话内容所提供的称呼语、关键词，结合生活常识进行判断。提示2：熟悉、积累不同语音语调所表达的不同意思，以及特定单词、短语和句型所表达的隐含信息，进行准确判断。提示3：认真听清事件发生的全部过程及前因后果，去粗取精，去伪存真，才能找出事件发生的真正原因。 四、主题内容。主题型试题主要考查学生对短对话或短文独白的主要内容的把握能力。学生需要抓住关键字或主题句，根据所获得的关键信息，进行分析概括主题。补充资料：听力常见词汇及句型一级重要词汇： reserve/reservation, reception/receptionist/reception ,desk,register/registration/book名词：rent, style, reservation, conference, grades, return flights, accommodation, details, destination, flat/apartment, section, a king’s room, shower, deadline,动词：reserve, spare, register, sign, appreciate,形容词：available, amazing, scaring, boring, incredible, grand, extra, awful, digital, punctual,副词：definitely, down, though, slightly,词组：check out, start off, look into, now that, in a long run, on behalf of, bound for, apart from, tour/scenic spots, take/leave a message, drop in on/at, put sb. at ease, drop sb. off, in stock,句型：1.Then all set 2.Take your time. 3.Anything but cheap. 4.No wonder…5.It’s a deal. 6.You’re kidding. 7.Can we make it…? 8.That’s the way it is. 9.It depends. 10.It’s not intended for scientists, either.