KP-bangbangbang
appetizer(开胃菜)bai—du first course(soup/pasta)— salad(沙拉)— main course(主菜)— side dish(配菜)— dessert(甜点)zhi— coffee/tea(咖啡/茶)
吹吹再吹
一、如何用英语点菜在点菜之前,一般先要份菜单:May I have a menu, please?(我可以看菜单吗?)如果对当地的菜肴不熟悉,可以问:What is the specialty of the restaurant?(这家店的招牌餐是什么?)Do you have any special meals today?(今天有什么特餐吗?)二、常见西餐英文菜单1.冷菜(cold dish) 火腿沙拉 ham salad 鸡蛋沙拉 egg salad蔬菜沙拉 vegetable salad2.汤(soup)清汤 light soup; clear soup浓汤 thick soup 红菜汤 borsch 奶油火腿汤 creamed ham soup3.鱼虾(fish and prawn)俄式煎鱼 fish a la Russia 奶油汁烤鱼 baked fish with cream sauce 铁扒大虾 grilled prawns 4.素菜(vegetable dish)黄油杂拌蔬菜 mixed vegetables with butter 清煎土豆饼 fried potato cake 咖喱素菜 curry vegetables5.鸡鸭(chicken and duck)烤鸡 roast chicken 炸鸡 deep-fried chicken 比利时烩鸡 Belgian stewed chicken 6.肉(meat)总会牛排 club steak 法式牛肉扒 French steak 烤羔羊腿 roast lamb leg 法式猪排 pork chop a la France 7.饭后甜食(dessert)蛋奶酥 souffle 巧克力冻 chocolate jelly 松饼 puff pastry 鲜水果沙拉 fresh fruit salad -------------------------Key sentences(重点句子) 244.What can I get you to drink? 我给您二位拿些什么饮料呢? 245.I'd like a martini, please. 我要一杯马丁尼鸡尾酒。 246.Are you ready to order? 想好点什么菜了吗? 247.I'd like the leg of lamb. 我要小羊腿。 248.Okay,vegetables are peas and carrots, broccoli, cornor string beans. 可供选择的蔬菜有豌豆和胡萝卜、花椰菜、玉米或菜豆。 249.I'd like the char broiled steak. 我要炭火烤的牛排。 250.Oh,and French dressing on the salad, please. 色拉上用法式色拉酱。 251.What soup would you like to have,Mr and Mrs Green? 格林先生,格林太太,您要什么汤? 252.I think we'll have country soup this evening. 今晚我们喝乡下浓汤吧。 253.How about a fish casserole for each? 每人来份鱼锅子怎么样? 254.I'll have fried sole. 我吃炸鲽鱼吧。 255.Would you like the steak well done or rare? 您喜欢牛排煎得透一点,还是略生一点? 256.What would you like for dessert? 要什么甜食呢? 257.Vanilla icecre am for all of us then. 那么我们都要香草冰淇淋。 258.Would you care for something to drink? 您要点什么饮料吗? 259.Yes,a bottle of white wine.Dry. 好,来一瓶白葡萄酒。要干白的。 Dialogue A Waiter:Good evening,ladies.Here's your menus.What can I get you to drink? Karen:I'd like a martini, please. Jean:A glass Of white wine for me. Waiter:Okay. Two specials, charbroiled steak and leg of lamb. Jean:What are you having,Karen? Karen:The leg of lamb sounds good to me. Jean:I think I'll get the charbroiled steak. Waiter:Okay.Okay, vegetables are peas and crrrots, broccoli, corn, or string beans. Karen:Peas and carrots. Jean:Baked. Waiter:Okay.What of dressing?French,Italian,blue cheese,Russian? Karen:Italian. Jean:I'd like the charboirled steak. Waiter:Okay. Jean:And I'd like it medium-rare.And with the broccoli.And baked potato. Waiter:Okay, fine. Jean:Oh,and French dressing on the salad,please. Waiter:Okay,fine.I'll take your menus. Dialogue B (Lin=L Clerk=C Waiter=W Mr.Green=MrMrs.Green=Mrs) (8∶00 p.m.at the restaurant) W:Here's the menu for this evening.I'll come and take yourorder when you're ready. L:Thanks. L:What soup would you like to have,Mr and Mrs Green? Mrs:I think we'll have country soup this evening. L:I know both of you fancy fish.How about a fish casserolefor each?I had it here last Wednesday.It's wonderful. Mrs:I'm afraid it's too rich for me.I'll have fried sole. L:And Mr.Green? Mr:I'll have the same. W:Can I take your order now? L:Yes,country soup for all three of us,two fried soles and a beef steak. W:Would you like the steak well done or rare? L:Well done. W:Very good.And what would you like for dessert? L:(To the Greens) What do you say to vanilla icecream? Mr and Mrs:Very good. L:Vanilla icecream for all of us then. W:Very good,sir.Would you care for something to drink? L:Yes,a bottle of white wine.Dry. Words and Expressions menu n.菜单 martini n.马丁尼鸡尾酒 steak n.牛排 charbroil vt.用木炭火烤 sound good (口语)听起来不错 pea n.豌豆 carrot n.胡萝卜 broccoli n.花椰菜 corn n.玉米 string bean n.菜豆 bake v.烤 mash vt.捣烂 country soup 乡下浓汤 fancy v.喜欢 casserole n.焙盘 fish~ 鱼锅子 vanilla n.香草 care for 喜欢,愿意 wine n.葡萄酒 dry a.干(的),不甜的 Key Sentences(重点句子) 229.I'd like to try some Chinese food. 我想尝尝中国菜。 230.It's divided into eight big cuisines,or say,eight styles,such as Cantonese food,Beijing food,Sichuan food,etc. 中国菜分成八大菜系,或者说八种风味。如广东菜、北京菜、四川菜等等。 231.Is there any difference between Cantonese food and Beijing food? 广东菜和北京菜有什么不同呢? 232.Contonese food is lighter while Beijing food is heavy and spicy. 广东菜清淡适口,而北京菜则味重香浓。 233.Most Sichuan dishes are spicy and hot. 四川菜大都麻辣浓香。 234.So what's your recommendation for me? 那么你给我推荐几道菜吧。 235.I think Ma pobeancurd and shredded meat in chilli sauceare quite special. 我觉得麻婆豆腐和鱼香肉丝味道不错。 236.What would you like to have tonight? 今晚您要吃点什么? 237.What kind of cuisine do you have in your dining-room? 你们的餐厅有什么菜系? 238.We have Guang dong food,Sichuan food and Shanghai food. 我们有广东菜、四川菜和上海菜。 239.Could you tell me the different features of them? 你能否给我讲讲这些菜的不同特点呢? 240.Guangdong food is a bit light,while Sichuan food has a strong and hot taste,and Shanghai food is oily. 广东菜稍微清淡,四川菜味浓而辣,上海菜油腻。 241.I think I'd like to have Guangdong food. 我想要个广东菜。 242.We have sliced chicken soup,dried mushroom clear soup and so on. 我们有鸡片汤、香菇清汤等等。 243.I prefer dried mushroom clear soup. 我要香菇清汤。 Dialogue A (The waiter is explaining something to Johnson.) A:Excuse me, I'd like to try some Chinese food. Can you tell me where I should go? B:We serve Chinese food here. But I'm not sure which style you prefer? A:I have no idea about Chinese food. B:It's divided into eight big cuisines,or say, eight styles,such as Cantonese food, Beijing food, Sichuan food,etc. A:Is there any difference between Cantonese food and Beijing food? B:Yes,Cantonese food is lighter while Beijing food is heavy and spicy.The famous specialities of these two are roast suckling pig and roast Beijing duck. A:How about Sichuan food? B:Most Sichuan dishes are spicy and hot.And they taste differently. A:Oh,really,I like hot food.So what's your recommendation for me? B:I think Mapo beancurd and shredded meat in chilli sauceare quite special.We have a Sichuan food dining-room. May I suggest you go there? It's on the second floor. A:Thank you. B:My pleasure. Dialogue B (A:Waiter B:Mr Frank) A:Mr Frank,what would you like to have tonight,Western food or Chinese food? B:When I was in America,my friend,Mr.Dull recommended me to have Chinese food,and I appreciate it very much in-deed.What kind of cuisine do you have in your dining-room? A:We have Guangdong food, Sichuan food and Shanghai food.Which one do you like best? B:I don't like anything greasy.I think I'd like to have Guangdong food. A:O.K.。How about saute prawn section,saute lobsterslices with mushroom? B:All right.I'll take them all. A:Mr.Frank,do you like to use chopsticks?If you don't,I'll get you fork and knife. B:If I can have them,so much the better. A:Do you like some soup? B:Yes, I don't know what soup you have. A:We have sliced chicken soup,dried mushroom clear soup and so on. B:Good.I prefer dried mushroom clear soup. A:According to the specifications of Chinese food, we serve dishes first and then soup.If you like we'll bring you some soup first. B:I'm used to having soup first. A:All right, I'll get it for you. Words and Expressions cuisine n.烹饪,烹饪法 light a.清淡的,易消化的 heavy a.难消化的 spicy a.香的,加香料的 Cantonese a.广州的 speciality n.特制品,特产 roast suckling pig 烤乳猪 roast Beijing duck 北京烤鸭 hot a.刺激的,辣的 chilli n.(干)辣椒 feature n.特征,特色 oily a.浸透油的,油腻的 greasy a.油腻的 saute a.嫩煎的,用少量油快炸的 lobster n.大螯虾;龙虾 mushroom n.蘑菇 specification n.规格,说明书 213.Where would you like to sit? 您愿意坐在哪儿? 214.We would like a table by the window so that we can en-joy the view of the lake. 我们想坐在窗户旁边,这样好欣赏外面湖上的景色。 215.I'm sorry, sir. The window tables have all been taken. 很抱歉,先生,靠窗户的桌子都有人了。 216.What about one that is further back but still offers a view of the lake? 有靠后一点的桌子,还能欣赏到湖上景色,行不行? 217.Would you follow me,please? 请跟我来好吗? 218.It's number 14 and your waitress will be with you right away. 这就是您的桌位,14号,服务员马上会来招待你们。 219.I'm sorry,the house is full now. 对不起,餐厅现在客满了。 220.But if you would like to wait you are more than welcome to do so. 但是如果您愿意在这儿等的话,我们非常欢迎。 221.And it is on…? 那么账记在……? 222.Now would you please take a seat and wait over there? 您先在那边坐下来等好吗? 223.We will have you seated as soon as we get a free table. 有空桌就请您入座。 224.Would you come this way,please? 请这边走。 225.I'm sorry to say that we haven't got any vacant seat at resent. 很抱歉眼下没有空桌位了。 226.Would you please wait in the lounge for about five minutes? 请在休息室等大约5分钟好吗? 227.I'm sorry to have kept you waiting,sir and madam. 先生和夫人,很抱歉让您等待。 228.Would you step this way,please? 请这边走好吗? vacant a.空的,闲的 lounge n.休息室 sprite n.雪碧 Key Sentences(重点句子) 260.Here is the fried beef with green pepper and onion. 这是胡椒洋葱炒牛肉。 261.And I have ordered another dish—plain fried shrimps. 我还点了另外一道菜——清炒虾仁。 262.It's coming. 就来了。 263.It's sweet and sour pork. 这是糖醋肉。 264.I'm afraid there is a mistake.I ordered a sweet and sour fish. 恐怕弄错了,我要的是糖醋鱼。 266.Excuse me,sir.I ordered the hairy crab,but you gave me the green crab. 对不起,先生。我点的是毛蟹,而你给我的是青蟹。 267.I'll get you the head-waiter. 我去请主管来。 268.I do apologize for giving you the wrong dish. 给您上错了菜,我实在抱歉。 269.I'll change it immediately for you. 我马上给您换。 270.I'm afraid I don't have enough time to wait for the next cra
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西餐,是西式饭菜的统称,主要指源自西方国家,以刀叉取食的食物和饮品。在中外联系日益密切的今天,接待人员时常面临参加西餐宴请的问题。但由于西餐与中餐在口味及用具上存在显著差异,因此,掌握西餐的基本知识,学习西餐礼仪十分必要。所谓西餐礼仪,主要指进食西餐时所依据的规则和习惯,熟练掌握西餐礼仪是个人良好素质和教育水平的重要表现。要吃好西餐,并且不失风度,就要对西餐的餐具、西餐的菜序、西餐的品尝、酒水的饮用及西餐的要求等几方面有一定程度的了解,进而培养出自觉遵守西餐礼仪规范的习惯。一、西餐的餐具西餐的餐具因不同国家、不同地域、不同习惯而有所差异,但刀叉为其中最基本、最常见的两样,使用刀叉进餐,是西餐的重要特征之一。此外,餐匙、餐巾也是进食西餐必不可少的餐具。正确使用西餐餐具十分重要,因为餐具的使用是对西餐礼仪了解程度及个人见识多少的直观反映。一 使用刀叉刀叉,即指餐刀和餐叉。一般情况下,刀叉宜同时配合使用,但也可单独使用。1.刀叉的摆放。西餐正餐中,每道菜都有专门使用的刀叉。吃黄油用的餐刀一般横放在用餐者左手的正前方;吃主菜所用的刀叉,一般餐刀在右,餐叉在左,纵向放于餐盘两侧;吃甜品所用的刀叉一般横向置于餐盘正前方。从两边由外侧向内侧使用是区分刀叉的关键所在。2.刀叉的使用。用刀叉切割食物,右手持刀,左手持叉,可边割边用叉食之,也可先全部割好,再慢慢以叉食之。使用刀叉切割食物时要注意:不可弄出声响;双肘要下沉;切割食物宜大小合适,叉起一次入口;临时放下餐刀,刀口不可向外;右手持叉进食时,叉齿向上;双手同时使用刀叉,则应叉齿向下。暂时放下刀叉时,应刀口向内,叉齿向下,呈“八”字形摆在外盘之上,用餐完毕,则应刀口向内,叉齿向上,刀右叉左并排纵放,或刀上叉下并排横放在餐盘中。二 使用餐匙餐匙也叫调羹,是西餐中不可或缺的餐具,分汤匙、甜品匙和茶匙3种。在用途上,三者不可相互替代,也不可用来舀取其他主食、菜肴。汤匙个头儿较大,通常纵放于用餐者右侧最外端;甜品匙个头儿较小,一般横放于吃甜品用的刀叉的正上方。若不上甜品,则此位置被同样较小的茶匙代替。茶匙只起搅拌作用,不能以之舀取红茶饮用。使用餐匙时,勿在所取食物中乱搅一气,每次取食应数量适中,餐匙不宜全部入口,尽量保持餐匙干净清洁。使用过的餐匙,不要再放回原处,也不要让其直立于汤盘或红茶杯中,更不可把其插入主食和菜肴中。三 使用餐巾使用餐巾,必须牢记以下几点:1.餐巾的铺放。餐巾应平铺于自己并拢的大腿上。正方形餐巾应被折成等腰三角形,直角朝向膝盖方向;长方形餐巾则要对折,折口向外铺于腿上。2.餐巾的用途。正餐中,餐巾发挥着重要作用。1 用来进行暗示。女主人铺开餐巾以及将餐巾置于桌上分别标志用餐的起始和结束。客人将餐巾置于本人座椅的椅面上然后离去,则表明还要再回来继续用餐。2 用来揩拭口部。即揩去嘴上油渍、食物残渣等;,女士进餐前,也可以其揩去唇膏,但不能用来擦汗、擦脸。3 用来掩口遮羞。剔牙或吐出口中之物均要以餐巾遮掩,以免失态。二、西餐的菜序西餐的菜序,指西餐用餐的先后顺序。由于东西方饮食习惯的不同,西餐的菜序与中餐的菜序差异较大。因此,要吃饱吃好,做到合理搭配,必须对西餐菜序有清晰的了解。西餐按照规模大小和正式程度分为正餐和便餐两种,两者在菜序上差异很大。一 正餐菜序西餐正餐,尤其是在正式场合所用的正餐,其菜序复杂多样,一般由八道菜肴构成,一顿内容完整的正餐须耗时1~2小时。1.开胃菜。开胃菜,即用来打开胃口的菜肴,又称西餐的头盘。有时它不被列入正式的菜序,而仅作为正餐的“前奏曲”。一般情况下,开胃菜由蔬菜、水果、海鲜、肉食等组成的拼盘构成,这些菜一般色彩美观,容易引起食欲。2.面包。西餐正餐中的面包以切片面包为主,个人根据自己口味可在面包上涂果酱、奶油或奶酪等。3.汤。汤是西餐的“开路先锋”,其口感芬芳浓郁,具有较好的开胃作用。开始喝汤标志西餐正餐的正式开始。西餐中常见的汤有白汤、红汤、清汤等。4.主菜。作为西餐的“主旋律”,西餐的主菜分为冷菜和热菜。正规的西餐中,一般上一个冷菜,包括各类泥子、冻子;热菜则一般有两道,一道为鱼菜,另一道为肉菜。肉菜可谓重中之重,它标志着本餐的档次与水平。5.点心。点心放在主菜之后,意在使没有吃饱的人填饱肚子,一般包括蛋糕、饼干、馅儿饼、三明治等。6.甜品。常见的甜品有布丁、冰淇淋等。7.果品。果品有干、鲜果之分。常用的干果有核桃、榛子、腰果、开心果等;常用的鲜果则包括草莓、菠萝、苹果、橙子、葡萄等。8.热饮。西餐通常将热饮放于最后,帮助消化。最正规的热饮是红茶或什么都不加的黑咖啡。西餐的热饮就餐地点灵活,可以是餐桌、客厅或休息厅等。二 便餐菜序一般场合中,出于节约时间方面的考虑,人们也习惯于采用便餐的形式。一般说来,接待人员接触西餐便餐的机会相对多些,因此对便餐的菜序要有清晰的了解。西餐便餐菜序从简,但每一道菜都是有代表性的,一般由五道菜肴构成:开胃菜、汤、主菜、甜品、咖啡 。三、西餐的品尝西餐的菜式多样,各有各的吃法。以下分别介绍各道菜式的具体吃法:一 开胃菜开胃菜以色拉为主,有时也采用海鲜或果盘。吃开胃菜时应注意以下几点:1.吃色拉时不必刀切,只宜使用餐叉,叉起食之。2.食用海鲜时宜用专门器具。一般吃牡蛎用专门的餐叉,吃带壳的蜗牛则要使用专门的夹子,小虾可以以叉取食,而大虾则应以手剥壳,再送入口中。二 面包西餐中的面包分为烤面包和鲜面包两种。两者吃法上不尽相同,应注意区分。1.烤面包。吃烤面包时不能撕食,而应慢慢咬着吃,可以配用黄油、鱼子酱等。2.鲜面包。食用鲜面包,应以左手拿取可以一次入口的一小块,涂上黄油或果酱后送入口中。三 汤在西餐中,喝汤是很讲究的。正确方法是以右手持汤匙,由近而远,向外侧将汤舀起,送入口中。若盘中汤所剩不多,可以左手由内侧托起汤盘,使其外倾,以汤匙舀取食用。四 主菜西餐中主菜样式较多,冷菜最常见的有泥子、冻子,热菜最常见的有鱼、鸡、肉。以下对这几种主菜分别介绍:1.泥子。一般是以虾、蟹或动物的肝脑为主料,配以鸡蛋、芹菜,加入作料,搅拌而成的一种菜肴。食用泥子,主要使用餐叉。2.冻子。用煮熟的食物和汤汁冷却凝结而成的一种菜肴,食用冻子应以刀切割,以叉食之。3.鱼。食用西餐中的鱼,一般先用餐刀将骨、刺剥出,再切成小块,以叉食之。4.鸡。吃鸡也应先去骨骼,再以刀切割,以叉食之。5.肉。肉菜主要包括牛排、羊排、猪排等。进食时,一般从左往右,叉取一次入口的食量送入口中。五 点心西餐中的点心主要有饼干、三明治、土豆片、通心粉等。1.饼干。吃饼干时,一般以右手拿着吃。2.三明治。吃三明治习惯于用双手捧着吃。3.土豆片。土豆片也应直接以手取食,注意不要先捏碎再吃。4.通心粉。通心粉不能吸食,应以右手握叉将其缠绕在叉上,左手可持汤匙予以辅助,最后人口。六 甜品西餐中最常见的甜品为布丁和冰淇淋。1.布丁。布丁属流质,应以专用的餐匙取食。2.冰淇淋。西餐中,冰淇淋是必备甜品。通常放于高脚玻璃杯中,以餐匙食之。这里有相当多的西餐英语,你可去查询breakfast 早餐lunch 午餐brunch 早午餐supper 晚餐late snack 宵夜dinner 正餐ham and egg 火腿肠buttered toast 奶油土司French toast 法国土司muffin 松饼cheese cake 酪饼white bread 白面包brown bread 黑面包French roll 小型法式面包appetizer 开胃菜green salad 蔬菜沙拉onion soup 洋葱汤potage 法国浓汤corn soup 玉米浓汤minestrone 蔬菜面条汤ox tail soup 牛尾汤fried chicken 炸鸡roast chicken 烤鸡steak 牛排T-bone steak 丁骨牛排filet steak 菲力牛排sirloin steak 沙朗牛排club steak 小牛排well done 全熟medium 五分熟rare 三分熟beer 啤酒draft beer 生啤酒stout beer 黑啤酒canned beer 罐装啤酒red wine 红葡萄酒gin 琴酒brandy 白兰地whisky 威士忌vodka 伏特加on the rocks 酒加冰块rum 兰酒champagne 香槟正式的全套餐点上菜顺序是:①前菜和汤②鱼③水果④肉类⑤乳酪⑥甜点和咖啡⑦水果,还有餐前酒和餐酒。没有必要全部都点,点太多却吃不完反而失礼。稍有水准的餐厅都欢迎只点前菜的客人。前菜、主菜(鱼或肉择其一)加甜点是最恰当的组合。点菜并不是由前菜开始点,而是先选一样最想吃的主菜,再配上适合主菜的汤。一主六配——西餐点菜法西餐在菜单的安排上与中餐有很大不同。以举办宴会为例,中餐宴会除近10种冷菜外,还要有热菜6-8种,再加上点心甜食和水果,显得十分丰富。而西餐虽然看着有6、7道,似乎很繁琐,但每道一般只有一种,下面我们就将其上菜顺序作一简单介绍,希望对您初到西餐厅点菜时能有所帮助。1、头盘西餐的第一道菜是头盘,也称为开胃品。开胃品的内容一般有冷头盘或热头盘之分,常见的品种有鱼子酱、鹅肝酱、熏鲑鱼、鸡尾杯、奶油鸡酥盒、局蜗牛等。因为是要开胃,所以开胃菜一般都具有特色风味,味道以咸和酸为主,而且数量较少,质量较高。2、汤与中餐有极大不同的是,西餐的第二道菜就是汤。西餐的汤大致可分为清汤奶油汤、蔬菜汤和冷汤等4类。品种有牛尾清汤、各式奶油汤、海鲜汤、美式蛤蜊周打汤、意式蔬菜汤、俄式罗宋汤、法式局葱头汤。冷汤的品种较少,有德式冷汤、俄式冷汤等。3、副菜鱼类菜肴一般作为西餐的第三道菜,也称为副菜。品种包括各种淡、海水鱼类、贝类及软体动物类。通常水产类菜肴与蛋类、面包类、酥盒菜肴品均称为副菜。因为鱼类等菜肴的肉质鲜嫩,比较容易消化,所以放在肉类菜肴的前面,叫法上也和肉类菜肴主菜有区别。西餐吃鱼菜肴讲究使用专用的调味汁,品种有鞑靼汁、荷兰汁、酒店汁、白奶油汁、大主教汁、美国汁和水手鱼汁等。4、主菜肉、禽类菜肴是西餐的第四道菜,也称为主菜。肉类菜肴的原料取自牛、羊猪、小牛仔等各个部位的肉,其中最有代表性的是牛肉或牛排。牛排按其部位又可分为沙朗牛排(也称西冷牛排)、菲利牛排、“T”骨型牛排、薄牛排等。其烹调方法常用烤、煎、铁扒等。肉类菜肴配用的调味汁主要有西班牙汁、浓烧汁精、靡菇汁、白尼斯汁等。食类菜肴的原料取自鸡、鸭、鹅,通常将兔肉和鹿肉等野味也归入禽类菜肴禽类菜肴品种最多的是鸡,有山鸡、火鸡、竹鸡、可煮、可炸、可烤、可焖,主要的调味汁有黄肉汁、咖喱汁、奶油汁等。5、蔬菜类菜肴蔬菜类菜肴可以安排在肉类菜肴之后,也可以与肉类菜肴同时上桌,所以可以算为一道菜,或称之为一种配菜。蔬菜类菜肴在西餐中称为沙拉。与主菜同时服务的沙拉,称为生蔬菜沙拉,一般用生菜、西红柿、黄瓜、芦笋等制作。沙拉的主要调味汁有醋油汁、法国汁、干岛汁、奶酪沙拉汁等。沙拉除了蔬菜之外,还有一类是用鱼、肉、蛋类制作的,这类沙拉一般不加味汁,在进餐顺序上可以做为头盘食用。还有一些蔬菜是熟食的,如花椰菜、煮菠菜、炸土豆条。熟食的蔬菜通常是与主菜的肉食类菜肴一同摆放在餐盘中上桌,称之为配菜。6、甜品西餐的甜品是主菜后食用的,可以算做是第六道菜。从真正意义上讲,它包括所有主菜后的食物,如布丁、煎饼、冰淇淋、奶酪、水果等等。7、咖啡、茶西餐的最后一道是上饮料,咖啡或茶。饮咖啡一般要加糖和淡奶油。茶一般要加香桃片和糖。西餐礼仪虽然最近在国内也相当盛行吃西餐,但是在内容和形式上,随著各餐厅的经营型态而「纯」、「杂」不等,「繁」、「简」不一,十分值得一谈。美国的西餐,和欧洲许多国家也颇有不同。如果您到美国旅游,赴家庭宴会或在餐馆吃「正餐」时,请先注意下列一般原则:男女一起在餐馆用餐,通常由男方负责点菜(order)和付帐(pay the check or bill)。许多基督教或天主教家庭饭前要由家中一员带领祷告(say a prayer or "blessing"),您即使不信教,也请跟着低头,以示礼貌和尊重。美国人宴客,是由女主人(或男主人)先拿起餐具进食,客人才跟着动餐具。如果您不喜欢递过来的菜肴时,只要说"No, thank you."即可。咀嚼食物,一定要避免出声。用过的刀、叉,必须放回盘子里,不能放在餐桌巾上。吃完主菜,把刀和叉平行地斜放在主菜盘(main plate)上,是向主人或侍者表示可以把主菜餐盘拿走了。席间要轻声谈些轻松愉快的话题,尽量避免一声不响地闷着头吃饭。下面请看这一段模拟的席间对话:Hostess: Would you like to have some more chicken ?Guest: No, thank you. The chicken is very delicious, but I'm just too full.Host: But I hope you saved room for dessert. Mary makes very good pumpkin pies.Guest: That sounds very tempting. But I hope we can wait a little while, if you don't mind.Host: Of course. How about some coffee or tea now ?Guest: Tea, please. Thanks.★餐位(Seating arrangement)餐位的安排大致上如上图。原则上男主宾(Gentleman of honor)坐在女主人(hostess)右边,女主宾(lady of honor )坐在男主人(host)右边,而且多半是男女相间而坐,夫妇不坐在一起,以免各自聊家常话而忽略与其他宾客间的交际。★餐具摆法家庭或餐厅宴会时,餐具的种类和数量,因餐会的正式(formal)程度而定。越正式的餐会,刀叉盘碟摆得越多。本文所举的例子,适用于不十分正式的宴会(多数家庭式宴会属于此类)。叉子(forks)放在主菜盘(main plate)左侧,刀子(knives)、汤匙(spoons)摆在右侧。刀叉和汤匙依使用的先后顺序排列。最先用的放在离主菜盘最远的外侧,后用的放在离主菜盘近内侧。假如主人决定先上主菜再上沙拉,就要把主菜叉子放在沙拉叉子的外侧。沙拉盘放在靠主菜盘的左边。美国人通常把主菜和沙拉一起送上桌来,而不像法国人一样,主菜吃完以后才上沙拉。★一般餐具摆设图(午宴、晚宴均适用)butter plate and knife奶油碟子和奶油刀。dessert spoon甜点匙。glass饮料杯。salad plate沙拉盘。napkin餐巾。main course fork主菜叉子。salad fork沙拉叉子。main plate主菜盘。main course knife主菜刀子。soup spoon汤匙。cup, saucer, and teaspoon茶(咖啡)杯、碟和茶匙。结语:记得要入境随俗(While in Rome, do as the Romans do.)对于吃西餐的规矩有疑问时,留意您的男女主人,照着他们的样子做,应该错不了。