英文摘要范文200词

(Abstract) 也成为内容提要,通常在学士论文中都必须附有摘要,其位置应放在论文的正文之前,对整个论文内容的概述.无论对专业读者还是对非专业读者而言,摘要都是一个非常重要的文件.摘要如果和论文一起发表,则被称为一次性出版物摘要,主要用于帮助读者评价文章内容及其潜在作用,使读者不必阅读全文就可以了解论文的内容.除此之外,摘要也可以被单独收入文摘机构出版的摘要期刊如:生物学文摘(Biological Abstract)、化学文摘(Chemical Abstract)等、称为二次性出版物摘要.此类脱离论文独立成篇的摘要主要用于方便读者检索文献、收集信息,帮助研究者寻找新的研究领域.一、 摘要的定义摘要的英文术语:有两个词汇,一个是 abstract, 一个是 summary.根据美国国家标准学会(American National Standard Institute)于1971年通过并颁布的《美国国家文摘写作标准》(American National Standard for Writing Abstracts)规定,Abstract 不应与 summary 混同.Abstract 对一篇论文的主要内容以精炼的文字进行高度概括,使读者不必阅读全文即可了解论文内容,或者让读者对即将阅读的文章有思想准备,或者让读者判断是否有通读全文的必要.文中只对论文信息进行浓缩,而不加主观评论或解释,可以脱离原文而独立成篇.字数通常在100~150个词左右,更确切地说,约为原文长度的1% ~ 5%(有的杂志规定摘要平均为全文的3% ~ 5%).现在越来越多的用法是 abstract.尤其是放在索引资料中一律要用 abstract 这个术语,在论文的题目下也通常要用这个词.Summary (概要) 与 abstract 无明显差别.严格地说,summary 一般附在论文的后面,对论文的主要结论和成果进行再叙述.其前提是读者已经通读过全文,通过 summary 来巩固论文的主要论点和成果.在某些论文中,用 summary 取代正文中的 conclusion 部分. Summary 是论文的"缩影",可以概括论文的全部内容,只是在删繁就简上下功夫,字数长短不一,少则两三句话,多则500个单词甚至更长.美国的一些高等学校规定,硕士论文提要(summary)以250词左右为宜,而博士论文题要以350词左右为宜.国际会议论文的提要一般规定为300 ~ 500 词或 1000 个印刷符号.至于究竟要采用什么形式,要根据征稿而定.一般说来,国际学术会议论文及要求按 Summary 方式来写摘要,而正式出版发行的刊物要修不尽一致.对于个别论文还见有前面为 Abstract, 结尾又有一个Summary , 这多半是由于文章过长,内容有多,后面的 Summary 相当于该文的缩写.二、 摘要的种类摘要分为两类,一类是说明性摘要(Descriptive/ Indicative Abstract),一类是资料性(Informative Abstract)摘要.1. 说明性摘要 (Descriptive / Indicative Abstract)如同迈克尔.艾利 (Michael Alley)所说,"一篇说明性摘要是段落形式的目录,使读者手中的一份简要地图."从这句话中可以清楚地了解说明性摘要的作用.说明性摘要指向读者指出论文的主要议题是什么,不涉及具体的研究方法和结果,但无法给读者提供更多的详细信息.它一般是用于综述性文章,也用于讨论、评论性文章,尤以介绍某学科近期发展动态的论文居多,常出现"… is studied"、 "…is discussed" 字样.时态多用现在时或现在完成时.其篇幅也较短,大多在100 ~ 150 字之间.以下是一篇说明性摘要的样例.Ten widespread diseases that are hazards in isolated construction camps can be prevented by removing or destroying the breeding places of flies, mosquitoes and rats, and by killing their adult forms. 由于说明性摘要仅限于陈述论文的主要论题且篇幅较小,主要用于评述性的论文.2. 资料性摘要 (Informative Abstract)资料性摘要的优点是比说明性摘要能提供多的多的信息,它应该尽量完整和准确地体现原文的具体内容,特别强调指出研究的方法和结果、结论等.其篇幅较长,大多在150 ~250 字之间.根据原文长度,也有多达500字的.通常,这类的摘要反映了论文的基本面貌,能够代替阅读论文全文.Ten widespread diseases that are hazards in isolated construction camps can be prevented by removing or destroying the breeding places of flies, mosquitoes and rats, and by killing their adult forms. The breeding of flies is controlled by proper disposal of decaying organic matter, and of mosquitoes by destroying or draining pools, or spraying them with oil. For rats, only the indirect methods of rat-resistant houses and protected food supplies are valuable. Control of adult forms of both insects and rodens requires use of poisons. Screens are used for insects. Minnows can be planted to eat mosquito larvae.三、 如何写摘要1. 摘要的位置 摘要的位置是确定的,一般在作者工作单位的下方.如:Cultural Differences Between China and U.S.A (标题)Xu Ying (署名) Hunan University (Changsha, Hunan, 410082) (工作单位) Abstract: (摘要) Key words: (关键词)2. 写作要点(1) 长度:有专家认为150 ~ 200 个词之间;文章长度的五分之一. 有些刊物会规定摘要的篇幅不能超过一定的字数,如:在80 ~ 100 之间,在投稿前应查询. 若刊物没有规定长度时,可以参阅已发表的文章长度.参加国际会议的论文摘要有字数限制,一般要求200 ~ 500 个词之间,约1000个印刷符号.(美国化学文献、医学文献的论文摘要规定在200个词以内)(2) 不要重复论文中的句子.(3) 避免列举大堆数据(4) 一般只是一个段落,不要将其分为数段.(5) 不要使用祈使句、感叹句、公式、表格等.(6) 完成论文后在写摘要.(7) 一般使用第三人称或被动语态.(8) 语言需简明扼要.下面请看一段论文摘要:This paper deals with the English syllabus for graduate students in China. The paper first reviews the history of the graduate English teaching, then discusses the shortcomings in the syllabus and finally proposes some suggestions for its revision.(本回答由学术堂整理提供)

翻译：【摘要】How does the international convention in domestic suitablly involve to the international law and the domestic method relational question, always is the international law educational world and the judicial world research focal point. The various countries' treatment international convention in domestic was suitable the question to have the different manner and the procedure. Our country is the acknowledgement international convention in our country domestic potency country; How doesn't our country constitution have to safeguard the international convention to stipulate in the domestic suitable universality, but in certain domains, like our country general provisions of the civil law has established the two position step relations. Our country adopted the transformation, has merged and with and so on the way admits the international convention, also from carried out treaty aspect the and so on applicable scope by these stipulation decided. This article is suitable the question from the international convention in our country the angle to carry on the discussion, for example: The various countries' treatment international convention procedure and the our country related stipulation, our country extant some were suitable aspect and so on question has carried on some sketchy introductions and the comparison.【关键词】国际条约：International convention国内法：Domestic method国内效力：Domestic potency方式：Way适用：Suitable

Nowadays, brands and advertising has become a hot market concern. Business as an important component of the strategy, brands and advertising are increasingly play a great role. How to use advertising and brand strategy is to become a business worth exploring the subject. In this paper, the author adopted the analysis of the case method, first of all brands and advertising from finishing the theory, Erie start of the Olympic Games campaigns, analysis of the Erie Olympic ad campaign ideas and results, comments Erie Olympic campaign ads Success of the enterprise so as to better carry out ad to provide certain information and reference.

要写好英文作文，首先要懂得的词汇和短语都要非常多，而且要注意用法，下面我整理有关英语范文，供大家参考!

A Strange Dream【1】

t was a sweet spring. How pretty it was! I sat on the green meadow and glanced over my book. The warm winds blew gently.

I was very tired and lay down to rest for a little while. Very soon I went into a state of dreaming.

A little girl sleeps in a corner of the garden. She cries and cries until her sound is broken. Suddenly a bright figure appears before

the child. A beautiful fairy stands in front of her. She had a wand in her hand. “Why do you cry? What’s the trouble? Perhaps

I can help you”, the fairy says. “My mother is dead. I am lonely, and nobody loves me”, answers the girl. “I am a fairy, my home is in the moon.

Do you see the light of the moon? How pleasant it is. Would you like to live with me in the moon?”

“Thank you, dear fairy, I want to go with you”.

The fairy leads the girl into a wood where there are many dwarfs. They look very busy. Every one of them has to dig the soil. They are trying to

find varieties of seeds. They cultivate the fields with their hands. All day long though they are exhausted, yet they are forced to work on. Otherwise they

will be whipped to death. I made up my mind to save all of those dwarfs. The sound of the bell suddenly came to my ears. I had to wake up.

Oh! This is no other than a dream. I will not let it trouble my mind.

Keep Your Direction 【2】

hat would you do if you failed? Many people may choose to give up. However, the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick to your goal.

On your way to success, you must keep your direction. It is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and helping you overcome obstacles on your way.

Otherwise, you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead.

Direction means objectives. You can get nowhere without an objective in life.

You can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve it. In this way, you will know how to arrange your time and to spend your

time properly. And you should also have a belief that you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.

The life I want【3】

Just want a warm enough in company,need not too full of material,as long as life level stability.I'm all alone is when many,began to refuse to strangers,in

the bone is a beautiful and simple man,instinctively rejecting something.Stubborn,willful,unreasonable,sharp.There are many contradictions,but I do not want

to face,always feel very strong,but also will come unexpectedly vulnerable,I have felt distressed.Perhaps everyone is cold,so whether a man or a woman,are

eager to warm warm,but less,more close to the more cold thoroughly.In the past to and fro,when exhausted all my efforts and passion,have been thoroughly

disappointed.Over time,all the regret is calm,all affection to die.We can only with common heart drive.The wind leaf to fall,his is not a wind in the leaves,courageously forward flight,and float to He Fang,fall to where ............

我想要的生活

只不过想要一个足够温暖的人陪伴,不需要太充实的物质,只要生活平实安定.我独自的时候很多,开始拒绝认识陌生人,骨子里是一个唯美而单纯的人,

本能地拒绝着某些东西.固执、无理、任性、尖锐.有很多矛盾,但我不愿意面对,一直觉得很坚强,却也会有突如其来的脆弱,我曾在瞬间感到心疼.也许每个

人都是寒冷的,所以无论男人还是女人,都渴望温暖,可是温暖那么少,越想靠近越是冷得透彻.在往事的来来回回中,当耗尽了所有的心力和激情,已经彻底失

望.时间久了,所有的`遗憾都是可以平复的,所有的深情都能够消亡.我们只能以平常之心驱赶情怀.风起叶欲坠,自己何尝不是一枚秋风中的枯叶,奋勇前飞,却又飘向何方,落向何地…………

ComposAI 在线语法/拼写检查软件

**你的英语写作助手

Compos.ai 检查语法的例句:

*方括号内是错误部分, 圆括号内是修改建议

The new [metod] is [effective] than the old one. (method, more effective)

The children loved [there] mother. (their)

Good policemen require three [quality]: courage, tolerance, and [dedicated]. (qualities, dedication)