英语b级单词及短语

1. abideby忠于；遵守（法律、承诺）同义替换：be faithful to , obey abide 原始涵义：Vt.忍受；屈从于 I am unwilling to abide the decisionof the court.我不愿意服从法庭的裁决。vi.等候；继续下去，继续存在 Though many features were abiding, thechanges were much felt.尽管许多特征依然存在，仍可感到发生了各种变化。 真题重现： Californians and New Englanders speak thesame language and abide by the same federal laws.加利福尼亚人和新英格兰人讲同一种语言，并遵守同样的联邦法律。(1992年完形) 造句： I abideby\obey\am faithful to what I said. 我遵守诺言。 2. beabsent from…. 缺席，不在 ，没到场、没参加同义替换：defaultabsent原始涵义：adj.缺席的, 不在场的 Attimes he would be absent for a couple of days.他有时会离开几天。心不在焉的,恍惚的He listened withan absent air and kept glancing at the door.他一副心不在焉的样子听着, 不时地瞥一眼门。Vi缺席，不在造句：I will be absentfrom work tomorrow.我明天不上班 3. absence of mind心不在焉 同义替换：being absent-mindedabsence 原始涵义：n. 缺席，不在 I want to ask for leave of absence forseveral days. 我想请几天假。缺乏，不存在 In the absence of anybody moreexperienced, I took command. 由于找不到其他更有经验的人，只好由我来指挥。造句：Frequently absence of mindin the class made him fail in the exam.经常在课上心不在焉使他考试不及格。 4. be absorbed in 全神贯注于…同义替换：be engrossed in ; be lostin ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centeredon absorb原始涵义：vt. 吸收 A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水;吸引…的注意力，使全神贯注；占去（注意力、时间等）The game absorbed the boy completely. 这男孩完全被游戏吸引住了。造句：Mary was absorbed inthought.玛丽在沉思。 5. (be) abundant in富于,富有同义替换：be rich in; be well supplied with abundant 原始涵义：adj. 大量的，充足的 Children under five have abundantenergy partly because they take one or two naps daily.五岁以下的孩子精力充沛，部分原因在于他们每天打一两次盹。造句：There is a river abundantin fish in my hometown.在我的家乡有一条盛产鱼的河流。6. access (to)同义替换：entryaccess原始涵义：n. (不可数名词) 能接近，进入，了解 We have free access to the library’sscientific literature. 我们有免费使用图书馆科学文献的机会。真题重现：“Knowledge is power” may well be the truest saying andaccess to information may be the most critical requirement of all people. “知识就是力量”可能是最有哲理的一句谚语了，获取信息则可能是人类需具备的最必要的条件。 (1995阅读) 7. by accident偶然地,意外同义替换：by chance, accidentallyaccident 原始涵义：n. 意外遭遇, 事故 He witnessed the accident。他亲眼看见那个意外事故。造句：We met by accident at theairport.我们偶然在机场相遇了。 8. of one’s own accord自愿地，主 动地 同义替换：without being asked; willingly; freelyaccord原始涵义：n. 一致, 符合They came to an accord that profits should be shared equally.他们达成协议,收益由大家均分。vt. 给予, 赠予，授予（权力、地位、某种待遇） We accorded the boy due praise.我们给了孩子适当的表扬。vi. 符合, 一致Most of my classmates accord in that opinion.我们班大多数同学都是那个意见。造句：The next day he spoke to her of his own accord, and his manner was somewhat changed. 第二天他主动和她说话了，而且态度有所改变。9. in accord with与…一致同义替换：in accordance withaccord 原始涵义：见单词8。造句：Most people are in accordwith their desire for peace.在渴望和平这一点上, 大多数人都是一致的。 10. with one accord一致地同义替换：with everybody agreeingAccord 原始涵义：见单词8。造句： They praised Tom with oneaccord.他们异口同声地表扬汤姆。 11. in accordance with 依照，根据同义替换：in agreement withaccordance原始涵义：n. 一致, 和谐,符合 He acted in accordance with his beliefs.他按照自己的信念行事。造句：The rights of children areprotected in accordance with the law.儿童的权利根据法律得到保护。 12. on one’s ownaccount 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益 同义替换：for one’s own interestAccount原始涵义：n. 账,账户 The sum of money has been transferred into my account.那笔钱已转到我账上。vi. 说明原因(或理由)，提出理由；是…的原因；做出说明(或解释)，解释(for)His illness accounts for his absence.他因为生病, 所以才缺席。vt. 以为，认为，把…看做，把…视作We all account him a qualified teacher.我们都认为他是一名合格的教师。造句：Everything he does is on his own account. 他做的每件事都为自己的利益打算。 13. take…into account把...考虑进去同义替换：considerAccount原始涵义：见单词12。造句： Our strategy must take into account the possibilitythat our guesses are wrong.在制定战略方针时，我们必须考虑到我们的猜测有可能是错误的。 14. give sb. an account of 说明，解释 (理由) 同义替换：explainAccount原始涵义：见单词12。造句：In describing an object we can give an account of itsshape, size, color and function.描写一个静物时应说明物体的外形、大小、色彩以及功能。 15. account for 解释，说明同义替换：give an explanation or reason forAccount原始涵义：见单词12。真题重现：What mightaccount for this strange phenomenon? 造成这一奇怪现象的可能原因是什么? (2007阅读)造句：Lack ofmoney accounts for her discontinuing her studies.缺钱是她辍学的原因。 16. on account of 由于,因为. 同义替换：because ofAccount原始涵义：见单词12。造句：Thedrilling was delayed on account of the bad weather.由于天气不好，训练推迟了。 17. on no account绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句 子要倒装) 同义替换：in no case, for no reasonAccount原始涵义：见单词12。造句：On no account should you leave the door unlocked.你无论如何也不应该不锁门。 18. accuse…of…指控,控告 同义替换：charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ;complain aboutAccuse 原始涵义：vt. 指责，谴责；控告We accused him of takingbribes.我们控告他受贿。 19. be accustomed to习惯于 同义替换：be in the habit of, be used toaccustom 原始涵义：vt. (使)习惯于It takes a moment for her eyes to growaccustomed to the dark.她花了片刻的时间使双眼习惯这种黑暗。造句：I am accustomed to working inside the room of noise andexcitement. 我习惯于在喧闹的房间里工作。 20. be acquainted with了解；熟悉 同义替换：to have knowledge of了解；to have met socially熟悉acquaint 原始涵义：vt.使熟悉, 使了解This book acquaints the students withthe ancient cultures of Europe.这本书帮助学生了解欧洲的古代文化。通知, 告知Acquaint him with your plans.把你的计划告知他。真题重现：Ms. Greenhas been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be acquainted witheveryone who comes to the store.虽然在这个镇上只住了一年，然而格林小姐似乎认识来店里的每一个人。(1996词汇)造句：I was firstacquainted with him on board a whale vessel.当初，我是在一艘捕鲸船上同他结识的。 21. act on 奉行，按照…行动同义替换：be according toact 原始涵义：vt. &vi.做，做事，行事；行动，采取行动The time forthinking is past, we must now act.思考的时间过去了, 我们现在必须行动。表演,举动像…;装出,假装,做作Oliver is acting tonight.奥利弗今晚演出。n.行为, 行动Myfirst act was to run into the waiting room.我的第一个行动就是跑进客厅。真题重现：Governmentsthroughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their peopledepends largely on the economic strength and wealth of thecommunity.世界各国政府都按照这样一个假设行事：人民的福利在很大程度上取决于经济实力和社会财富。(2000翻译)造句：The policeare acting on the information received.警方正根据获得的情报采取行动。 22. adapt oneself to使自己适应于 同义替换：adjust oneself toadapt 原始涵义：vt. &vi. (使)适应，(使)适合She knew how to adapt herself. 她懂得如何适应环境。vt.改编,改写Many of Dickens' books have been adapted as films.狄更斯的许多书都已改编成电影。改变…以适合(for)Manycity vehicles have been adapted for use as school buses.许多城市车辆已改为校车。vi.适应于，适应不同情况(或环境)(to)Shehas not yet adapted to the climate.她还没适应气候。造句：You shouldadapt yourself to the new environment.你应该适应新环境。 23. adapt…(for)改编, 改写(以适应新的需要) 同义替换：make sth. Suitable for a new needadapt 原始涵义：见单词22。造句：Theauthor is going to adapt hisplay for television. 作者将把他的剧本改编成电视剧。 24. in addition此外, 又, 加之 同义替换：besidesaddition 原始涵义：n.加; 加法Thatis a simple addition.那是简单的加法。增加的人或事物They've just had an addition to the family.他们家里刚刚添了一口人。造句：Inaddition, reference is made to the novel techniques.此外，还介绍了一些新的方法。 25. in addition to除…外 同义替换：as well as, besides, other thanaddition 原始涵义：见单词24。造句：In addition to English, he has to study a second foreignlanguage.除英语外，他还要学第二外语。 26. adhere to 粘附; 坚持, 遵循 同义替换：abide by, conform. to, comply with, cling to, insist on,pe rsist in, observe, opinion, beliefadhere 原始涵义： vi.黏附, 附着The two surfaces adhered, and we couldn't get them apart.这两个表面粘着, 我们无法将它们分开。坚持, 支持He resolutely adhered to what he had said at the meeting.他坚持他在会上所说的话。