社会大学i
of study (论读书) STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can exe-cute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them bothers; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books, else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading make a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtitle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt. 译文: 读书足以怡情,足以博彩,足以长才。其怡情也,最见于独处幽居之时;其傅彩也,最见于高谈阔论之中;其长才也,最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节,然纵观统筹、全局策划,则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰,文采藻饰太盛则矫,全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足,经验又补读书之不足,盖天生才干犹如自然花草,读书然后知如何修剪移接;而书中所示,如不以经验范之,则又大而无当。有一技之长者鄙读书,无知者羡读书,唯明智之士用读书,然书并不以用处告人,用书之智不在书中,而在书外,全凭观察得之。读书时不可存心诘难作者,不可尽信书上所言,亦不可只为寻章摘句,而应推敲细思。书有可浅尝者,有可吞食者,少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之,有只须读其部分者,有只须大体涉猎者,少数则须全读,读时须全神贯注,孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读,取其所作摘要,但只限题材较次或价值不高者,否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏、淡而无味矣。 读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,笔记使人准确。因此不常作笔记者须记忆特强,不常讨论者须天生聪颖,不常读书者须欺世有术,始能无知而显有知。读史使人明智,读诗使人灵秀,数学使人周密,科学使人深刻,伦理学使人庄重,逻辑修辞之学使人善辩:凡有所学,皆成性格。人之才智但有滞碍,无不可读适当之书使之顺畅,一如身体百病,皆可借相宜之运动除之。滚球利睾肾,射箭利胸肺,慢步利肠胃,骑术利头脑,诸如此类。如智力不集中,可令读数学,盖演题须全神贯注,稍有分散即须重演;如不能辨异,可令读经院哲学,盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人;如不善求同,不善以一物阐证另一物,可令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷,皆有特药可医。(王佐良先生译)
wangyuting3573
I'M Nobody! -Emily DickinsonI'M Nobody! Who are you? Are you--Nobody--too? Then there's a pair of us! Dont tell! they'd advertise--you know! How dreary--to be--Somebody! How public--like a Frog-- To tell your name--the livelong June-- To an admiring Bog! 我是无名之辈! 你是谁? 你也是无名之辈吗? 那么我们为一对! 别说! 他们会传开去-- 你知道! 多无聊-- 是-- 某某名人! 多招摇-- 象个青蛙— 告诉你的名字 -- 漫长的六月—
热爱每一刻
最富含佛理的英文诗!英国人William Blake写下了这首诗: To see the world in a grain of sand, And a heaven in a wild flower; Hold infinity in the palm of your hand, And eternity in an hour.后来,李叔同先生翻译为?一花一世界, 一沙一天国; 君掌盛无边, 刹那含永劫。
再后来,王佐良先生译为: 从一粒沙看世界, 从一朵花看天堂, 把永恒纳进一个时辰, 把无限握在手心。另外还有:一粒沙里有一个世界,一朵花里有一个天堂,把无穷无尽握在手掌,霎那时光即为永恒的翻译。
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 另外推荐三首,分别是泰戈尔、普希金、雪莱写的。 1.Ode to the West Wind(《西风颂》)雪莱最著名的抒情诗。
1.Ode to the West Wind I O WILD West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being Thou from whose unseen presence the leaves dead Are driven like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing, Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red, Pestilence-stricken multitudes! O thou Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed The wingèd seeds, where they lie cold and low, Each like a corpse within its grave, until Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow Her clarion o'er the dreaming earth, and fill 10 (Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air) With living hues and odours plain and hill; Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere; Destroyer and preserver; hear, O hear! II Thou on whose stream, 'mid the steep sky's commotion, 15 Loose clouds like earth's decaying leaves are shed, Shook from the tangled boughs of heaven and ocean, Angels of rain and lightning! there are spread On the blue surface of thine airy surge, Like the bright hair uplifted from the head 20 Of some fierce Mænad, even from the dim verge Of the horizon to the zenith's height, The locks of the approaching storm. Thou dirge Of the dying year, to which this closing night Will be the dome of a vast sepulchre, 25 Vaulted with all thy congregated might Of vapours, from whose solid atmosphere Black rain, and fire, and hail, will burst: O hear! III Thou who didst waken from his summer dreams The blue Mediterranean, where he lay, 30 Lull'd by the coil of his crystàlline streams, Beside a pumice isle in Baiæ's bay, And saw in sleep old palaces and towers Quivering within the wave's intenser day, All overgrown with azure moss, and flowers 35 So sweet, the sense faints picturing them! Thou For whose path the Atlantic's level powers Cleave themselves into chasms, while far below The sea-blooms and the oozy woods which wear The sapless foliage of the ocean, know 40 Thy voice, and suddenly grow gray with fear, And tremble and despoil themselves: O hear! IV If I were a dead leaf thou mightest bear; If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee; A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share 45 The impulse of thy strength, only less free Than thou, O uncontrollable! if even I were as in my boyhood, and could be The comrade of thy wanderings over heaven, As then, when to outstrip thy skiey speed 50 Scarce seem'd a vision—I would ne'er have striven As thus with thee in prayer in my sore need. O! lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud! I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed! A heavy weight of hours has chain'd and bow'd 55 One too like thee—tameless, and swift, and proud. V Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is: What if my leaves are falling like its own? The tumult of thy mighty harmonies Will take from both a deep autumnal tone, 60 Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce, My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one! Drive my dead thoughts over the universe, Like wither'd leaves, to quicken a new birth; And, by the incantation of this verse, 65 Scatter, as from an unextinguish'd hearth Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind! Be through my lips to unawaken'd earth The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind, If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind? 70 2.Songs Offerings(《吉檀枷利·第一章》)泰戈尔成名之作。 2.Thou hast made me endless, such is thy pleasure. This frail vessel thou emptiest again and again, and fillest it ever with fresh life. This little flute of a reed thou hast carried over hills and dales, and hast breathed through it melodies eternally new. At the immortal touch of thy hands my little heart loses its limits in joy and gives birth to utterance ineffable. Thy infinite gifts come to me only on these very small hands of mine. Ages pass, and still thou pourest, and still there is room to fill. 3.普希金《我曾爱过您》,委婉的爱情诗 "I loved you。
" I loved you, and I probably still do, And for a while the feeling may remain。 But let my love no longer trouble you, I do not wish to cause you any pain. I loved you; and the hopelessness I knew, The jealousy, the shyness - though in vain - Made up。
生命诚可贵,爱情价更高,若为自由故,两者皆可抛。
原文是Life is dear, love is dearer. Both can be given up for freedom
作者:裴多菲• 山陀尔(1823—1849)是匈牙利著名的爱国主义战士和诗人。他在25岁那年,领导了匈牙利首都布达佩斯的武装起义,这次起义后来演变成为伟大的爱国战争。在与沙皇军队协助的奥国统治者的战斗中,裴多菲以诗歌为武器,手持战刀和羽毛笔,驰骋于战场,最后壮烈牺牲于疆场,年仅26岁零7个月。
裴多菲牺牲后留下了大量脍炙人口的诗篇,其中的《自由与爱情》一诗最为中国读者所熟悉。
早在1907年,裴多菲的生平和作品就被介绍到中国来了,首功者乃大文豪鲁迅先生。鲁迅在其著作《摩罗诗力说》、《希望》、《<;奔流>;编校后记》等多篇文章中,都以极大的热情推荐、介绍裴多菲其人其事其作。而裴多菲的不朽诗作《自由与爱情》,则是在1929年由“文联五烈士”之一的我国著名诗人殷夫翻译过来的,译文如下:
“生命诚可贵,爱情价更高。若为自由故,二者皆可抛。”
印度诗人泰戈尔的:世界上最遥远的距离 不是 生与死 而是 我就站在你面前 你却不知道我爱你 世界上最遥远的距离 不是 我就站在你面前 你却不知道我爱你 而是 明明知道彼此相爱 却不能在一起 世界上最遥远的距离 不是 明明知道彼此相爱 却不能在一起 而是 明明无法抵挡这种思念 却还得故意装作丝毫没有把你放在心里 世界上最遥远的距离 不是 明明无法抵挡这种思念 却还得故意装作丝毫没有把你放在心里 而是 用自己冷漠的心 对爱你的人 掘了一条无法跨越的沟渠 !!!! 用爱你的心伤了你,从此,失去爱的力气…… 莎士比亚的:不爱自己,怎么能爱别人? 婚姻是青春的结束, 人生的开始。
爱是温柔的吗? 它太粗暴、太专横、太野蛮了; 它像荆棘一样刺人。 真诚的爱情永远不是一条平坦的大道。
吻是恋爱生活上的一首诗。 爱的黑夜有中午的阳光。
如果说「喜欢」不需要理由的话, 那么「憎恨」也就不需要什么依据。 最甜的蜜糖可以使味觉麻木; 不太热烈的爱情才会维持久远; 太快和太慢,结果都不会圆满。
悲哀是爱情的证据。 但是, 深深的悲哀是判断力不足的证据 雨果的:「人出生两次吗?」 是的。
头一次是在人开始生活的那一天; 第二次则是在萌发爱情的那一天。 如果你是石头,便应当做磁石; 如果你是植物,便应当做含羞草; 如果你是人,便应当做意中人。
美丽开在你的脸上, 爱情开在你心中。 爱情从回顾过去与憧憬未来中汲取养份。
爱人而不被人爱是最大的不幸。 天生万物中, 放出最大的光明的是人心, 不幸的是, 制造最深的黑暗的也是人心。
女人是非常完美的恶魔。 只要有了仇恨, 一个女人就抵得上十个男人。
纯洁的拥抱,胜过千言万语。 把宇宙缩减到唯一的一个人, 把唯一的一个人扩张到上帝, 这才是爱! 其实很多 你自己找找吧,中国的话我就知道很多。
冬天的早晨 普希金 (俄 1799——1837) 冰霜和阳光,多美妙的白天! 妩媚的朋友,你却在安眠。
是时候了,美人儿,醒来吧! 快睁开被安乐闭上的睡眼。 请出来吧,作为北方的晨星, 来会见北国的朝霞女神! 昨夜,你记得,风雪在飞旋, 险恶的天空笼罩一层幽暗。
遮在乌云后发黄的月亮 像是夜空里苍白的斑点。 而你闷坐着,百无聊赖—— 可是现在……啊,请看看窗外: 在蔚蓝的天空下,像绒毯 灿烂耀目地在原野上铺展。
茫茫一片白雪闪着阳光, 只有透明的树林在发暗。 还有枞树枝子透过白霜 泛出绿色:冻结的小河晶亮。
整个居室被琥珀的光辉 照得通明。刚生的炉火内 发出愉快的劈啪的声响。
这时,躺在床上遐想可真够美。 然而,你是否该叫人及早 把棕色的马套上雪橇! 亲爱的朋友,一路轻捷 让我们滑过清晨的雪。
任着烈性的马儿奔跑, 让我们访问那空旷的田野。 那不久以前葳蕤的树林, 那河岸,对我是多么可亲。
1829 年 查良铮 译 【老人曹树厚赏析】 普希金是19世纪伟大的俄国诗人,他的诗形式多样,韵律丰富,具有优美、细腻、轻快、明朗的风格。 水仙 华兹华斯 (英 1770——1850) 我独自漫游!像山谷上空 悠悠飘过的一朵云儿, 蓦然举目,我望见一丛 金黄色的水仙,缤纷茂密; 在湖水之滨,树荫之下, 在随风摇弋,舞姿潇洒。
连绵密布似繁星万点 在银河上下闪烁明灭, 这一片水仙,沿着湖湾 排成延续无尽的行列; 一眼便瞥见万朵千株, 摇颤着花冠,轻盈飘舞。 湖面的涟漪也迎风起舞, 水仙的欢悦却胜似涟漪; 有了这样愉快的伴侣, 诗人怎能不心旷神怡! 我凝望多时,却未曾想到 这美景给了我怎样的珍奇。
从此,每当我倚榻而卧, 或情怀抑郁,或心境茫然, 水仙呵,便在心目中闪烁—— 那是我孤寂时分的乐园; 我的心灵便欢情洋溢 , 和水仙一道舞蹈不息。 (杨德豫 译) 【老人曹树厚赏析】 :华兹华斯是英国“湖畔派”浪漫主义诗歌的主要代表。
他的诗感情醇厚,诗语平易。这首《水仙》浅显易懂,但诗情洋溢。
(2001年2月6日 星期二 ) 稠李树 叶赛宁 (苏 1895——1925) 馥郁的稠李树, 和春天一起开放, 金灿灿的树枝, 像卷发一样生长。 蜜甜的露珠, 顺着树皮往下淌; 留下辛香的绿痕, 在银色中闪光。
缎子般的花穗 在露珠下发亮, 就像璀璨的耳环, 戴在美丽姑娘的耳上。 在残雪消融的地方, 在树根近旁的草上, 一条银色的小溪, 一路欢快地流淌。
稠李树伸开了枝丫, 发散着迷人的芬芳, 金灿灿的绿痕, 映着太阳的光芒。 小溪扬起碎玉的浪花, 飞溅到稠李树的枝杈上, 并在峭壁下弹着琴弦, 为她深情地歌唱。
1915年 (刘湛秋、茹香雪 译) 【老人曹树厚赏析】 :苏联俄罗斯著名诗人。他的诗主要以农村自然景色为题材,具有强烈感染力。
窗边的树 弗罗斯特 (美 1874——1963) 我窗边的树呵,窗边的树, 夜幕降临时我把窗关闭; 但永远不要拉上窗帘吧, 以免将你我隔离。 你是地上崛起的朦胧梦影, 你像浮云一样飘忽不定, 你轻巧的叶舌高声宣讲的一切, 并非一切都情理至深。
但树呵,我曾见狂风将你摇撼。 假如你窥见我在这屋中睡眠, 你会看到我也曾猛烈地被激荡, 几乎被暴风席卷。
那天命运出于它的儿戏, 把我们两个联系在一起: 你受的是外界气候的影响, 而我是内心风雨的荡激。 (顺子欣 译) 【老人曹树厚赏析】 :罗伯特.弗罗斯特,20世纪美国最负盛名的诗人。
他的诗主要以牧场和农村事物为题材,语言清晰、质朴、细腻而含蓄。这首诗写窗边树,主题落在内心的荡激。
(2001年2月20日 星期二 ) 聪明的星 海涅 (德 1797——1856) 花儿容易碰到人的脚, 大多数都会被人践踏; 不管它是羞怯或者是胆大, 人们走过时总会踩碎它。 珍珠藏在大海宝箱里, 可是也会被人们发现, 给它们钻孔,把它们扣住, 牢牢地扣在丝绳上面。
星星很聪明,它们有理由 远远地避开我们人寰; 星星挂在天幕上面, 像世界之灯,永远安全。 (钱春绮 译) 【老人曹树厚赏析】 海涅的这首诗,写的特别有趣:大自然被人类破坏很多了,连小草、珍珠都没有了安全,只有星星高高挂在天幕上,人类想破坏它也无能为力。
诗写的非常幽默,对人类破坏大自然,是一个警告。这个诗的主题,诗中没有直接讲出来,让读者自己体会。
像这样的诗,让读者好似是自己的发现,特别觉得有诗味。 (2001年2月20日 星期二 ) 聪明的星 海涅 (德 1797——1856) 花儿容易碰到人的脚, 大多数都会被人践踏; 不管它是羞怯或者是胆大, 人们走过时总会踩碎它。
珍珠藏在大海宝箱里, 可是也会被人们发现, 给它们钻孔,把它们扣住, 牢牢地扣在丝绳上面。 星星很聪明,它们有理由 远远地避开我们人寰; 星星挂在天幕上面, 像世界之灯,永远安全。
(钱春绮 译) 【老人曹树厚赏析】 海涅的这首诗,写的特别有趣:大自然被人类破坏很多了,连小草、珍珠都没有了安全,只有星星高高挂在天幕上,人类想破坏它也无能为力。诗写的非常幽默,对人类破坏大自然,是一个警告。
这个诗的主题,诗中没有直接讲出来,让读者自己体会。像这样的诗,让读者好似是自己的发现,特别觉得有诗味。
森 林 赖 特 (澳大利亚 1915---。
歌德,德国伟大的诗人和思想家,代表作是《浮士德》
海涅,德国诗人,《德国,一个冬天的童话》是他的代表作
但丁,意大利文艺复兴的伟大先驱,代表作《神曲》.
泰戈尔,印度作家,诗人和社会活动家.《吉檀迦利》.
雪莱了,英国人.《西风颂》
狄更生 ,美国 ,《希望是一只小鸟》
莱蒙托夫, 俄国, 《诗人之死》
裴多菲, 匈牙利, 《两个流浪者》
马蒂 ,古巴 ,《美洲我的母亲》
拓展资料
外国诗歌的内容大致分为这样几类:送别诗、写景诗、咏史诗、咏物诗等。
从情节上分:抒情诗,叙事诗。
可以按形式分:格律诗、自由诗……
(4)按体裁分;童话诗、寓言诗、散文诗……
(5)按国家和作者分:外国诗、中国诗
教师讲述:雪莱、普希金、泰戈尔的诗歌
(6)按创作方法分:诗歌、民歌或童谣
(7)按时间分:古代诗、近代诗、现代诗、当代诗
时 间
幽深的海呵!年代是你的浪波;
时间底海呵,充满深沉的悲伤,
你被眼泪的盐水弄得多咸涩!
你的波流浩荡无边,在你的水上
潮汐交替,那就是人生的界限!
你已倦于扑食,但仍在咆哮无餍,
把破碎的船吐在无情的岸沿;
你在平静时险诈,风涛起时可怕,
呵,谁敢航行一只小船,
在你幽深难测的洋面。
1821年
雪莱著 查良铮译
hinomoonna
Saying Good-bye to Cambridge Again --- by Xu Zhimo再别康桥 徐志摩Very quietly I take my leave As quietly as I came here; Quietly I wave good-bye To the rosy clouds in the western sky. The golden willows by the riverside Are young brides in the setting sun; Their reflections on the shimmering waves Always linger in the depth of my heart. The floatingheart growing in the sludge Sways leisurely under the water; In the gentle waves of Cambridge I would be a water plant! That pool under the shade of elm trees Holds not water but the rainbow from the sky; Shattered to pieces among the duckweeds Is the sediment of a rainbow-like dream? To seek a dream? Just to pole a boat upstream To where the green grass is more verdant; Or to have the boat fully loaded with starlight And sing aloud in the splendour of starlight. But I cannot sing aloud Quietness is my farewell music; Even summer insects heep silence for me Silent is Cambridge tonight! Very quietly I take my leave As quietly as I came here; Gently I flick my sleeves Not even a wisp of cloud will I bring away 轻轻的我走了, 正如我轻轻的来; 我轻轻的招手, 作别西天的云彩。 那河畔的金柳 是夕阳中的新娘 波光里的艳影, 在我的心头荡漾。 软泥上的青荇, 油油的在水底招摇; 在康河的柔波里, 我甘心做一条水草 那榆荫下的一潭, 不是清泉,是天上虹 揉碎在浮藻间, 沉淀着彩虹似的梦。 寻梦? 撑一支长篙, 向青草更青处漫溯, 满载一船星辉, 在星辉斑斓里放歌 但我不能放歌, 悄悄是别离的笙箫; 夏虫也为我沉默, 沉默是今晚的康桥! 悄悄的我走了, 正如我悄悄的来; 我挥一挥衣袖, 不带走一片云彩。 Crossing the BarBy Alfred Tennyson Sunset and evening star,And one clear call for me!And may there be no moaning of the bar,When I put out to sea,But such a tide as moving seems asleep,Too full for sound and foam,When That which drew form out the boundless deepTurns again home.Twilight and evening bell,And after that the dark!And may there be no sadness of farewell,When I embark;For though from out our bourne of Time and PlaceThe flood may bear me far,I hope to see my Pilot face to faceWhen I have crost the bar. 渡沙渚阿尔费雷德•丁尼生夕阳下,闪疏星,召唤一声清朗!愿沙渚宁静,我将出海远航;潮汐如梦幻,涛声似止,浪花息;大海深处涌来,又悄然退却。 暮霭钟鸣,黑夜将笼罩!愿诀别无悲声,登舟起锚;千古洪流,时空无限,滔滔载我至远方;渡沙渚一线,泰然见领航。 A RED, RED ROSE By Robert BurnsO my luve is like a red, red rose,That's newly sprung in June;O my luve is like the melodie,That's sweetly played in tune.As fair thou art, my bonie lass,So deep in luve am I;And I will luve thee still, my dear,Till a' the seas gang dry.Till a' the sea gang dry, my dear,And the rock melt wi' the sun;And I will luve thee still, my dear,While the sands o' life shall run.And fare thee weel, my only luve,And fare thee weel a while;And I will come again, my luve,Tho's it were ten thousand mile!一朵红红的玫瑰罗伯特•彭斯 啊,我的爱人象红红的玫瑰,在六月里苞放;啊,我的爱人象一支乐曲,乐声美妙、悠扬。你那么美,漂亮的姑娘;我爱你那么深切;我会永远爱你,亲爱的,一直到四海涸竭。 直到四海涸竭,亲爱的,直到太阳把岩石消融!我会永远爱你,亲爱的,只要生命无穷。再见吧,我唯一的爱人,再见吧,小别片刻;我会回来的,我的爱人,即使万里相隔!
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