2020年最全的与新冠疫情相关的英语考点及英语作文范文!
一、新冠疫情高频词汇:
新型冠状病毒:novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) /kə,rəunə'vaiərəs/
肺炎:pneumonia /njuːˈməʊniə/
新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎:pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus / novel coronavirus caused pneumonia
确诊病例:confirmed case
疑似病例:suspected case
重症患者:patient in critical condition
病死率:fatality rate
密切接触者:close contact
接受医学观察:be under medical observation
隔离:quarantine /ˈkwɒrəntiːn/
潜伏期:incubation /ˌɪŋkjuˈbeɪʃn/ period
人传人:human-to-human transmission
飞沫传播:droplet /ˈdrɒplət/ transmission
发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难:fever, cough and difficulty in breathing
急性呼吸道感染病状:acute /əˈkjuːt / respiratory / rəˈspɪrətri / infection symptom
输入性病例:imported case 输入性病例:指来自疫情流行区的病例,也称一代病例
二代病例:secondary infection case 二代病例:指被一代病例感染的本土病人
隐性感染:asymptomatic /ˌeɪsɪmptəˈmætɪk/ infection 隐性感染:指感染了病毒,但无明显症状的病例
疫情防控:epidemic /ˌepɪˈdemɪk/ prevention and control
口罩:(face) mask
防护服:protective clothing /suits
护目镜:goggles
一次性手套:disposable gloves
医疗物资:medical supplies
疫苗:vaccine
国际关注的突发公共卫生事件:Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)
封城:the lockdown of a city / a city is>应急医院:makeshift hospital
重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应:first-level public health emergency response
国家卫生健康委员会:National Health Commission (NHC)
二、考点预测+解析:
1、“冠状病毒”与“新型冠状病毒“英文怎么说?
coronavirus /kəˈronəvaɪrəs / 冠状病毒
这个词,可分解为两部分:
corona:冠状物 (我们所说的 “日冕” 与 “光圈”,也是这个词)
virus:病毒
【例句1】
Now,the fatal infectious disease caused by Coronavirus is called as Chinese Pneumonia 现在,由于“冠状病毒”所引起的致命性传染病,在网络上被称之为“中国肺炎”。
【例句2】
Before this outbreak, six coronaviruses had been identified in humans. Four caused relatively mild cold-like symptoms while the other two, Sars and Middle East respiratory syndrome (Mers), can be fatal.
此次疫情爆发之前,已知的人类冠状病毒有6种。四种引起相对轻度的类似感冒症状,而另外两种——非典和中东呼吸综合征(MERS)——可能致命。
2、“新型冠状病毒“英文怎么说?
“新型冠状病毒”的英文是 novel coronavirus
这里的 novel 是一个形容词,表示“新型的”
比如 a novel feature(新特性)
3、其他常用词汇解析
①fatal /ˈfeɪtl / :a. 致命的;毁灭性的;灾难性的 (对于目前的状况来看,这的确是很丧的一个词儿!)
②infectious disease/ ɪnˈfekʃəs dɪˈziːz / :传染病
infectious /ɪnˈfekʃəs /:a.传染的 由 infect (v. 传染;感染)+ ious(形容词后缀)构成
infect / ɪnˈfekt /:v. 传染;感染 由 in (进入,使……)+ fect (做) 构成 ——咱可以想一下儿:传染或感染,不正是有害物质或病毒,侵入体内,对健康的肌体做坏事儿——进行破坏吗?
infection / ɪnˈfekʃn /:n. 传染 由 infect + -ion (名词后缀)构成
③pneumonia / nuˈmoʊnɪə / n. 肺炎
这个词,是由 pneumon- (肺)+ -ia (疾病名词后缀)构成
④ The battle of epidemic prevention and control 疫情防控阻击战
⑤race against time 分秒必争
⑥mobile cabin hospital 方舱医院
⑦Wuhan builds 3 mobile cabin hospitals race against time
武汉抢建三所'方舱医院'
4、冠状病毒的传播途径
①the air by coughing and sneezing
经由空气传播,比如咳嗽、打喷嚏
②close personal contact, such as touching or shaking hands
通过人与人之间的近距离接触传播,比如触摸或者握手
③touching an object or surface with the virus 通过触摸物品或感染病毒的用品表面传播,原因在于没洗手就触摸嘴、鼻和眼睛
④rarely, fecal contamination
还有一种比较少见的,就是通过粪便传染
5、如何预防“冠状病毒”
① Clean hands with soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub.
用肥皂或者用含酒精的洗手液洗手。
②Cover nose and mouth when coughing and sneezing with tissue or flexed elbow.
咳嗽或打喷嚏时,用面巾纸或屈肘捂住口鼻。
③Avoid close contact with anyone with cold or flu-like symptoms.
避免跟有感冒或流感症状的人密切接触。
④ Thoroughly cook meat and eggs.
将肉类和鸡蛋彻底煮熟。
⑤Avoid unprotected contact with live wild or farm animals.
避免在未加防护的情况下接触野生动物或家畜。
6、拓展:
1. He had come down with the flu.
他得了禽流感病倒了。
2. I’ve been laid up with flu for a week.
我得了流感,一星期没工作。
3. How is swine flu different than seasonal influenza and bird flu?
猪流感与季节性流感和禽流感有什么不同?
4. The construction of three mobile cabin hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei province has picked up steam on Monday night as part of the efforts to contain and treat patients suspected of contracting the novel coronavirus.
3日晚,作为防治疑似感染新型冠状病毒患者的举措之一,3所方舱医院在武汉开建。
5. The city will make use of the city's sports stadium and two convention centers, and renovate them into three mobile hospitals to offer a total of 3,400 beds. Medical staff will be dispatched to the three hospitals to take care of patients who test positive for the virus - but show no severe symptoms - as soon as they are completed.
武汉市计划将一个体育馆和两个会展中心改造成方舱医院,三处方舱医院建成后,将提供共3400个床位,用来收治新型冠状病毒检测呈阳性但无症状或症状不明显的病人,医护人员从武汉全市抽调。
6. Once a patient's symptoms worsen, he or she will be transferred to Jinyintan Hospital, one of the city's designated hospitals to admit patients infected with the new virus, in a timely manner.
患者症状一旦转重,将及时转入金银潭医院等继续治疗。金银潭医院是武汉接收新型冠状病毒感染者的定点医院。
7.按照要求,即使没有肺炎症状,此前去过武汉的人员也应进行14天的居家医学观察。
People having traveled from China's Wuhan are required to place themselves undermedical observation at home for 14 days even without symptoms of pneumonia.
7.冠状病毒相关词汇
- 新型冠状病毒 new/novel coronavirus
- 被病毒感染 be infected by the virus
- 病毒爆发 virus outbreak
- 病毒的动物宿主 animal hosts
- 野味
game(wild animals or birds that people hunt for food)
- 蝙蝠 bat
- 中华菊头蝠 rhinolophus sinicus
8.传染病相关词汇
- 肺炎 pneumonia
- 传染病 contagious diseases
- 呼吸道疾病 respiratory diseases
- 严重急性呼吸道感染
severe acute respiratory infection
- 乙类传染病
category-B infectious diseases
- 人际传播 person-to-person transmission
- 飞沫传播 droplet transmission
- 粪口传播 fecal-oral transmission
- 隐性感染 asymptomatic infection
- 发病率 incidence rate
- 致死率 fatality/mortality/death rate
- 发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难
- fever, cough and difficulty in breathing
9.相关人群及机构
- 确诊病例 confirmed cases
- 疑似病例 suspected/presumptive cases
- 输入性病例 imported case
- 二代病例 secondary infection case
- 超级传播者 super-spreader
- 密切接触者 close contact
- 追踪密切接触者 trace close contacts
- 重症患者 patient in critical condition
- 轻症患者 patients with mild symptoms
- 发热病人 fever patients
- 易感人群 susceptible populations
- 一线医护人员 front-line medical workers
- 流行病学家 epidemiologist
- 钟南山,中国工程院院士
Zhong Nanshan, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
- 火神山医院 Huoshenshan Hospital
- 应急医院 makeshift hospital
- 发热门诊 fever clinics
- 观察室 observation ward
- 定点医院 designated hospitals
- 方舱医院 mobile cabin hospitals
- 临时医院 makeshift hospital
- 金银潭医院 Jinyintan Hospital
- 各级医疗卫生机构
medical and health institutions at various levels
- 世界卫生组织 World Health Organization(WHO)
- 国家卫生健康委员会
National Health Commission (NHC)
- 疾控中心
centers for disease control and prevention(CDC)
- 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队
The People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force
- 湖北红十字会
the Red Cross Society of China Hubei Branch
- 武汉红十字会
the Wuhan Branch of the Red Cross Society of China in Hubei province
- 武汉慈善总会
the Wuhan Charity Federation
10.医疗物资
- 医疗物资 medical supplies
- 紧缺物资 urgently needed materials
- 医疗防疫物资 anti-epidemic and medical materials
- 口罩 face masks
- 戴口罩 wear masks
- N95口罩 N95 masks
- 医用口罩 Medical masks
- 外科口罩 surgical masks
- 防护服 protective gowns/clothing/gear/suits
- 护目镜 goggles
- 酒精 alcohol
- 消毒液 disinfectant
- 一次性手套 disposable gloves
11.疫情防控
- 疫情防控 epidemic prevention and control
- 应急模式 emergency mode
- 公共卫生危机 public health crisis
- 启动重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应
activate first-level public health emergency response (mechanism)
- 勤洗手 wash hands frequently and thoroughly
- 消毒,杀菌 sterilize(v.)
- 使用消毒剂 use disinfectant
- 监测体温 monitor/check body temperature
- 提高免疫力 strengthen immune system
- 疫苗 vaccine
- 打疫苗 to get an immune shot
- 隔离(已发病的病人) isolate sb.
- 隔离(可能接触者)quarantine sb.
- 被隔离 be put in quarantine
- 自我隔离 quarantine oneself
- 保持隔离状态 stay in isolation
- 控制疾病传染 to contain the disease from spreading
- 自觉接受医学观察
voluntarily put yourself under medical observation
- 解除医学观察
be discharged from medical observation
- 潜伏期 incubation
- 开展流行病学调查
conduct epidemiological investigations
- 病人和疑似病例的诊断、治疗、追踪和筛查
diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening of patients, confirmed or suspected
- 早发现、早隔离 early detection and early isolation
- 遏制疫情蔓延contain the epidemic
- 封城 (the city)is on lockdown;the lockdown of a city
- 瞒报 underreport
- 捐赠 donations
- 延长春节假期 extend the Spring Festival holiday
- 报销政策 reimbursement policy
- 虚假信息 misinformation
- 通过可靠的信息渠道获得资讯
stay informed through trusted sources
- 保持冷静 stay calm
- 保持理性 stay rational
- 国际关注的突发公共卫生事件
Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)
- 山川异域,风月同天。
Though miles apart, we are under the same sky.
- 岂曰无衣,与子同裳。
Together we stand, my armors thine.
英语作文:
世界各国 抗击病毒
COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD FIGHT THE VIRUS
【参考注释】
1. tricky business 难题
2. curb the spread of the Wuhan coronavirus 控制武汉冠状病毒
3. a growing number of 越来越多
4. deny entry to foreigners arriving from China 禁止从中国来的外国人进入
5. discourage affected countries from reporting cases 影响受灾国通报“疫情”
6. force infected people to try to enter illegally 迫使被感染的人设法非法进入
7. detect v. 检测
8. screen outbound passengers
检查出港旅客
9. slip through 漏网,未能检测出感染病毒
10. during the incubation period of infection 在潜伏期
11. symptom n. 症状
12. detain v. 扣留
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