英语复数都加什么

名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es.现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：规则\x09例词1\x09一般情况在词尾加-s\x09map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2\x09以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es\x09class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes3\x09以-f或-fe结尾的词\x09变-f和-fe为v再加-es\x09leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives\x09\x09加-s\x09belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs4\x09以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加-es\x09party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities5\x09以元音字母加y结尾的名词,或专有名词以y结尾的,加-s\x09toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys6\x09以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词\x09一般加-es\x09hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes\x09\x09不少外来词加-s\x09piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos\x09\x09两者皆可\x09zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7\x09以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s\x09radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8\x09以-th结尾的名词加-s\x09truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,2. 不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下：规则\x09例词1\x09改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式\x09man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2\x09单复数相同\x09sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin,3\x09只有复数形式\x09ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents4\x09一些集体名词总是用作复数\x09people, police, cattle, staff5\x09部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）\x09audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party6\x09复数形式表示特别含义\x09customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟)7\x09表示“某国人”\x09加-s\x09Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans\x09\x09单复数同形\x09Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese\x09\x09以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women\x09Englishmen, Frenchwomen8\x09合成名词\x09将主体名词变为复数\x09sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends\x09\x09无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数\x09grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches\x09\x09将两部分变为复数\x09women singers, men servants

1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下： ①在单数名词词尾加s。如：map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables. ②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes, bench→benches. [注]：少数以o结尾的词,变复数时只加s。如：photo→photos, piano→pianos. ③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：family→families, city→cities, party→parties. ④以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives. 2、不规则变化：man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep,tooth→teeth, fish→fish, child→children, ox→oxen, goose→geese 不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。如：a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.

一、可数名词都有单数和复数之分.一、规则的可数名词的复数变化规则：1.一般情况加 s ： book-- books mouth---mouths house---houses girl---girls2.以 s 、 sh 、 ch 、 x结尾的加 es ： class--- classes box----boxes match----matches 3.辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 i加es： city---cities country----countries party----parties factory----factories 4.以 o 结尾的词 +es的只有以下词 ：heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros以 o 结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母 +s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos)5.以f, fe 结尾的 变f或fe为v +es ： thief wife life knife wolf half leaf shelfThe thief’s wife killed three wolves with some leaves and knives in half of her life.二、名词词尾的读音规则：A． 在[ p] [t] [k] [f]等清辅音后读[s] cups, hats, cakes, roofs B. 在[s] [z] [∫] [t∫]等音后读[iz] glasses, faces, roses.C.在其他情况下读作[z] beds days cities knives.D.以th结尾的词原来读[ ] 加词尾后多数读[ ] 如： mouth—mouths path—paths ; 但是也有不变化的,如： month—months, ninth—ninths, youth—youths.三、 不规则的可数名词的变化规则：1.man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, goose—geese child—children, mouse—mice,2.单复数相同: sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese Swiss. 3.以man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时,两个词都变化. man servant—men servants.