地质灾害英文

geological DisastersIn the past hundred years, there have heen frequent geological disasters, such as floods, droughts, mud-rock flows, seismic sea waves, earthquakes, windstorms and the stretching of new deserts. The disasters have killed millions upon millions of people, destroyed countless homes, and wiped out numerous pieces of fertile land.Now more and more people become aware that those disasters have much to do with what we have done to the earth. We have cut down too many trees in the forests,we have badly polluted the environment, we have shocked our own home-planet time and again with tremendously powerful explosions of nuclear bombs. As a result, climates have become abnormal, rainwater rushes down hillsides angrily, and the underground energy goes up to revenge itself on us.The earth is our only home-planet. It is urgent for us to stop damaging it, and to do our best to protect it and make it a lovely place suitable to live in, for we have nowhere to go and survive except where we are now.

常见的地质灾害有：地震、崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、水土流失、地面塌陷等。1、地震地震（英文：earthquake），又称地动、地振动，是地壳快速释放能量过程中造成的振动，期间会产生地震波的一种自然现象。2、崩塌崩塌（崩落、垮塌或塌方）是较陡斜坡上的岩土体在重力作用下突然脱离母体崩落、滚动、堆积在坡脚（或沟谷）的地质现象。3、滑坡滑坡是指斜坡上的土体或者岩体，受河流冲刷、地下水活动、雨水浸泡、地震及人工切坡等因素影响，在重力作用下，沿着一定的软弱面或者软弱带，整体地或者分散地顺坡向下滑动的自然现象。4、泥石流泥石流是指在山区或者其他沟谷深壑，地形险峻的地区，因为暴雨、暴雪或其他自然灾害引发的山体滑坡并携带有大量泥沙以及石块的特殊洪流。5、水土流失水土流失是指由于自然或人为因素的影响、雨水不能就地消纳、顺势下流、冲刷土壤，造成水分和土壤同时流失的现象。6、地面塌陷地面塌陷是指上覆岩层发生破坏．岩土体下陷或塌落在地下空洞中，并在地表形成不同形态的塌坑，这种现象称为地面塌陷。在塌陷区往往伴随有围绕塌坑的若干裂缝，形成大小不等的环形或弧形开裂。

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