京剧英文历史

The name of the Peking Opera in the late qing beginning two years (1876) "shenbao", there have been PiHuang, TLC identification method for erhuang, yellow cavity, the tone, JingXi, flat play, such as Chinese appellation, the qing qianlong 55 years (1790) anhui four HuiBan performers with Beijing after the dramatic world, HanJu, YiYang, kunqu opera in China after five, strum, sixty years of yi evolvement become Beijing Opera, is China's biggest Chinese operas flourishing.Peking Opera is a comprehensive performance art. (singing), sing that read (NianBai), do (act), play (fight), dance dance) of one body, through the program performance means in Syria story, characterize the characters, the expression "happiness, anger, sadness and joy, surprised, fear, sadness" thoughts and feelings. Role can be divided into: life (the man), Dan (women), net (the man), ugly (male, woman all have four big labor. Characters have faithful evil portion of the important points, of good and evil points. Each image is bright, lifelike.May 20, 2006, Peking Opera, with the approval of the state council listed in the first national nonmaterial cultural heritage list.Beijing Opera-briefIncubation periodBeijing Opera "Hamlet" version of qing dynasty, Beijing Opera stage popular with JingQiang kunqu opera (YiYangQiang). After the middle of emperor qianlong, kunqu opera gradually and decline, JingQiang prosperity replace kunqu opera series city stage.Forty-five years of emperor qianlong (1780) tendencies WeiChangSheng artists by sichuan performers.Fifty-five years of emperor qianlong (1790), the three HuiBan to stay after a city (class addresses HanGuTai alley in inside), and there are four joy, rev. Show, neon cui, spring machine, mass, 3 and, song wish, JinYu, big scene and for the class, also in the dashilan stay in performance. Among them with a three, four joy, mass, spring Taiwan four fame most quickly, so some of the "four great HuiBan," said.HanJu popular in hubei, the ShengQiang XiPi and emblem of the TLC identification method for erhuang, play with blood relations. Logo, han two play had extensive in performers art blends. After qianlong dynasty, HanJu famous m should be advanced after Beijing, early light (1821), has HanJu old lee and famous six, WangHongGui, YuSanSheng, niche LongDeYun into Beijing such as, respectively, take into HuiBan spring machine, van nung singing class. HanJu actors take into HuiBan, will be ShengQiang tune, performance skills, plays soluble in emblem of play, make the emblem of the play increasingly rich and perfect song plate, singing, NianBai more phonetic features Beijing area, and easy to Beijing people accept. Light 25 years (1845) each name class, are all old living as the captain. Logo, han rivers, contributed to XiPi attune and anhui province of hubei province of the exchange "er huang again. Logo, the qin and han's rivers, for the birth of the Peking Opera to lay the foundation.formationLight twenty years to xianfeng ten years (1840-1860) between, the play, the emblem of the HanDiao qinqiang or rivers, and draw on the long, JingQiang kunqu opera and the formation of the Beijing Opera.The mark of a: tune plate complete rich, beyond the logo, the qin and han three of the play any. By singing ti and "qu pai ti" mixed composition. ShengQiang mainly "er huang, XiPi primarily.Another, trade in complete.# 3, formed a group of Beijing Opera production.Of the four, ChengChangGeng, YuSanSheng, ZhangErKui for Peking Opera in the early years of the representative formation, they in singing, and performance style on the rig features, create the main tone in Peking Opera XiPi, "er huang and Beijing Opera drama form, and Beijing has the features of language, sound suggests, made a prominent contribution.The first generation of Beijing Opera actor, there is an old LuSheng Krishna, XueYin porch, ZhangRuLin, WangJiuLing, etc.; Niche LongDeYun, XuXiaoXiang; HuXiLu denier, LuoQiaoFu, MeiQiaoLing; Ugly YangMing jade, liu cast three; LaoDan HaoLanTian, TanZhiDao; Net ZhuDa MaZi, as such as stress, they all the business for rich ShengQiang and performance art, all have a unique creation. After the 'four xi class' class Lord MeiQiaoLing of, have the courage to break through tsing yi, the old rules strictly opening the division, performing for singing art open a new road.maturityIn 1883 a 1918, by the formation of the Peking Opera into maturity, representative figures for the as old living after three jie "TanXinPei, WangGuiFen, SunJuXian.After the s, yu shuyan said friends, GaoQingKui, chrysanthemum MaLianLiang etc, all in the Pope "TanPa" on the basis of the development of different artistic schools for.Xianfeng ten years (1861) ShiRu palace Beijing Opera performance. That year may end up to arrest, by three points a class, four xi class, double Krishna and outside class the class (Beijing Opera class) performance.The nine years (1883), when possible, life, choose ZhangQiLin, YangLongShou, BaoFuShan ferro, color, YanFuXi 18 people into the palace cop, not only singing, and when the Peking Opera shan, the skills taught to the eunuch. Since then, the agency in charge of the qing performance affairs "wine department", each choose famous artists into the cop, "stop xuantong three years (1911), the idea has TanXinPei, YangYueLou, SunJuXian, ChenDeLin, WangLeng fairy, Yang xiaolou, YuYuQin, ZhuWenYing, WangYaoQing, GongYunFu, MuFengShan, such as QianJinFu male, the female net, ugly, by more than 150 people had into the palace. Because when hobby Beijing Opera, and famous Beijing Opera at the palace frequent stage, strong momentum. Over the same period, the gate area at GuangDe building, a garden, a three and garden, WenMingYuan paradise, such as a theatre and days of Peking Opera, form the Peking Opera series situation.Beijing Opera at maturity, except the "old living after three jie" outside, born there, JiaHongLin do XuYinTang; WuSheng YuJuSheng, YangLongShou; Net line HeJiaShan, HuangRunFu, JinXiuShan, QiuGuiXian, LiuYongChun, etc.; Niche WangLeng fairy, Germany Jun such as, LiuHuaYun: denier ChenDeLin, TianGuiFeng, do WangYaoQing, ZhuWenYing; WangChangLin scandal, a black, arjen robben, the-year-old XiaoChangHua, GuoChunShan. This time, the woman's rise, formed with ShengJiao performing with the trend. WuSheng YuJuSheng, started WuSheng self-reliance portal pick beam first, he was later called "WuSheng ancestor". The famous and inheritance of innovative development, singing skill mature gradually, will the Peking Opera to a new height.followsBeijing Opera performance after 1917, Beijing Opera actor best emerge in a large amount, presents the schools had the prosperity of the situation, the stage development to the flourishing, this period for Yang xiaolou representative figures, mei lanfang, yu shuyan.In 1927, Beijing "shun day" news "Peking Opera MingLing held performing selection. Readers vote results: mei lanfang to play "too really gaiden", ShangXiaoYun to play "modern jia female", ChengYanQiu to play"。