主语从句英文举例

一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾. 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化.而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that.被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom.例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) it is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… (4) it ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首. (2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如： It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong) (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前.例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语．宾语．表语,而that 则不然.例如： 1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she is still alive is a consolation. 二．宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后. 1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如： I heard that be joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句,例如： 1) She did not know what had happened. 2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句.例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2. 作介词的宾语 例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语 例如：I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等.也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句. 4. It 可以作为形式宾语 It 不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中. 例如： We heard it that she would get married next month.. 5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等.这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句.例如： I admire their winning the match. (right) I admire that they won the match. (wrong) 6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中,常见的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等.例如： He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right) He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong) 7. 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式.例如： I don’t think this dress fits you well.（我认为这件衣服不适合你穿.） 三．表语从句 表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”.可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等.引导表语从句的that常可省略.另外,常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构.例如： 1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people 3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus. 四．同位语从句 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句. 1. 同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导,例如： 1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. 2. 同位语在句子中的位置 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开.例如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 (1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词,同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语）,而同位语从句中的that是连词,只起连接主句与从句的作用,不充当句中任何成分. (2) 定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明.例如： 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国.）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语） 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的.）（同位语从句,that在句中不作任何成分）

一、定义在句子中担当主语的从句，就叫主语从句。通常放在主句谓语动词之前，或由形式主语it代替、而本身放在句子末尾。二、连接词根据主语从句所缺句子成分的情况，主语从句会由不同的连接词连接，常见的连接词有：that、if/whether、连接代词、连接副词和what。三、that引导的主语从句（一）当主语从句本身不缺成分时，就会使用that来连接。此时，that只起连接作用，但不能省略。如：That he will come to our village tomorrow surprises us all. （他要来我们村，让我们都感到很惊讶。）That she used to be a spy is known to all. （大家都知道，她过去是个间谍。）这种情况下，因为主语从句往往比谓语部分更长，会导致整个句子头重脚轻，所以经常会用it作为形式主语来替换主语从句，而把主语从句放到句末。此时，that也只起连接作用，但可以省略。比如，以上两个句子就存在这个问题，所以一般都会改为：It surprises us all (that) he will come to our village tomorrow.It is known to all (that) she used to be a spy.（二）如果句子是疑问句，则必须用带形式主语it的结构。如：That she is our English teacher is true. （她是我们的英语老师，是真的。）That he has been there twice is a fact. （他去过那儿两次了，是真的。）这两句话如果改为一般疑问句时，不能这么改：错误：Is that she is your English teacher true?错误：Is that he has been there twice a fact?而是要改为含有形式主语it的句子：Is it true that she is your English teacher?Is it a fact that he has been there twice?（三）在形式主语it引导的主语从句结构“It is+形容词/名词/名词短语等+that主语从句”中，如果is后面的表语是表示重要或必要等（如important、necessary、a necessity等）含义时，that从句中的谓语动词一般要采用“should+do”的虚拟语气形式，should经常省略。如：It is imperative that we (should) make a quick decision. （我们要尽快做出决定。）It is necessary that we (should) learn English well. （我们必须学好英语。四、if/whether引导的主语从句当主语从句本身含有是否的意思时，连接词必须用if或whether。但是，如果主语从句位于句首时，只能用whether，不能用if。如：Whether it will do good to us remains to be seen. （是否对我们有害还要看一看。）这种情况下，因为主语从句也比较长，会导致头重脚轻的情况，所以也经常用形式主语it来代替，而把主语从句放到句末去。此时，连接词除了用whether外，也可以用if。如上面的句子就可以改为：It remains to be seen if/whether it will do good to us.再比如：Whether the band would visit our city was still a mystery. （这个乐队是否会来我们城市仍然是个谜。）上面的句子可以改为：It was still a mystery if/whether the band would visity our city.五、连接代词引导的主语从句常用来连接主语从句的连接代词有：who、whom、whose、which、whoever、whomever、whichever等。这些连接代词在从句中有的作主语，有的作宾语，有的作定语。如：作主语：Who won the game hasn''t been announced yet. （谁赢得了比赛，还没宣布。）作宾语：Whom you talked to just now will be confirmed later. （你刚才跟谁说话了，之后会证实的。）作定语：Whichever nation explodes an atomic bomb will engage the whole world in war. （无论哪个国家使用原子弹都会使全世界卷入战争。）为了避免头重脚轻，这种情况下的主语从句也经常用形式主语it来代替，而把主语从句放到句末。但是，连接代词始终都不能省略。如上面的两句话可以改为：It hasn''t been announced yet who won the game.It will be confirmed later whom you talked to just now.It will engage the whole world in war whichever nation explodes an atomic bomb.六、连接副词引导的主语从句能够用来连接主语从句的连接副词主要有：when、where、why、how等。这些连接副词在主语从句中作状语。如：When they will arrive at the station doesn''t matter. （他们何时到站没有什么关系。）How the accident happended is still unknown. （这场事故是怎么发生的，还不清楚。）Why he was absent from the meeting remains a mystery. （他为什么没有参加会议仍然是个谜。）Where I will spend my summer is none of your business. （我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。）为了避免头重脚轻，上面的句子可以改为：It doesn''t matter when they will arrive at the station.It is still unknown how the accident happended.It remains a mystery why he was absent from the meeting.It is none of your business where I will spend my summer.七、what引导的主语从句与that不同的是，what除了可以引导主语从句起连接作用外，还同时在从句中充当主语或宾语。如：作主语：What really matters is that she needs a shower at once. （真正重要的是，她得马上冲个澡。）作宾语：What I am worried about is their taking my son to France. （我担心的是他们要把我儿子带到法国去。）有的时候，whatever也可以用来连接主语从句。如：Whatever you do makes no difference to me. （你做什么对我来说都没区别。）需要注意的是，当what或whatever引导主语从句时，一般不能改为由形式主语it来引导的句子。

主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,引导主语从句的词有从属连词that, whether以及连接代词who, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和连接副词when, where, why, how等.例如:1、That she was chosen made us very happy.她当选了使我们很高兴.2、What caused the accident is a complete mystery.是什么导致了这次事故还完全是一个谜.3、Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否来还是一个问题.4、Which team will win the match is still unknown.哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道.5、Whoever comes to the party will receive a present.参加聚会的每一个人都将收到一份礼物.6、When they will start has not been decided yet.他们何时出发还没决定.注意:上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免"头重脚轻",常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面.例如:It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.她犯了这样一个错误,真是遗憾.It depends on the climate whether they are going shopping today.他们是否今天去购物还得看天气情况.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)It is + adj. / n. +从句It is a pity/shame that...遗憾的是……It is possible that...很可能……It is unlikely that...不可能……2)It +不及物动词+从句It seems/appears that...似乎……It happened that...碰巧……3)It + be +过去分词+从句It is said that...据说……It is known to all that...众所周知……It is reported that...据报道……It is believed that...据信……;人们相信……It is suggested that...有人建议……It must be pointed out that...必须指出……It has been proved that...已证明…….例如:It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed.据信,至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉.It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议会议延期召开.It's reported that three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.据报道,事故中三人丧生,五人重伤.It is known to all that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China.众所周知,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分.扩展资料宾语从句用以区分 主语从句的几个特征：1、 引导词：what\which\whose\when\whether\if\where2 语序：宾语从句必须是用陈述语句。（名词性从句都是陈述语序）如：I think that you must work harder.宾语从句的引导词、 连接词的区别、 否定转移等现象。补充： 从句的语序永远是 陈述句。

主语从句的定义：主语从句是指在复合句中充当主语的句子，它是名词的拓展，属于主语的第三个表达层次。所以，主语从句和名词一样通常是出现在谓语动词的前面。例句1：Whether he will pass the examination is still unknown.他是否能够通过考试仍然不知道。例句2：What he said inspired me a lot.他说的话让我受到了很大的鼓舞。主语从句的引导词：主语从句的引导词与宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句的引导词几乎相同（表语从句有几个特殊引导词除外）请参照本站文章表语从句的用法讲解。以下就按照引导词在主语从句中的意义和功能分别讲解。that引导主语从句例句1：That youth is wholly experimental is known to us all。 众所周知，青春就是探索的岁月。例句2：That she finished reading an English novel surprised us all.她读完了一部全英文小说让我们大吃一惊。Whether引导主语从句例句1：Whether she will come to the party makes no difference.她来不来参加聚会都没有关系。例句2：It makes no difference whether/if she will come to the party.她来不来参加聚会都没有关系。Who, what, which引导主语从句例句1：Who will be the leader of the team has not been decided yet. 谁会成为这个队的领头人还没定下来。例句2：What the kids need is a peaceful growing environment. 孩子们需要的是一个和平的生长环境。whose, what, which引导主语从句例句1：Whose face will flush is the liar. 谁的脸红了谁就是骗子。例句2：What goal you set now determines what your will gain in the future.你现在设立什么目标决定了你将来会有什么收获。when, where, how, why引导主语从句例句1：Why Tony did this remained a mystery. 为什么托尼做这件事仍然是个谜。例句2：When we will have our winter holidays is still uncertain.我们什么时候放寒假还不确定。Wh-ever连接词引导主语从句例句1：Whoever has a strong will is likely to become successful.凡是有坚强意志的人都有可能成功。例句2：Whatever is worth doing at all is wroth doing well.凡是值得做的事情就值得做好。