人口基数英文

“Loss-of-Single-Child” family means that the single child in a family is disabled or deceased due to accident while the parents can no longer have or adopt children. Loss-of-single child parents are mostly in their 50s. On top of the shock and pain of losing their only child at an advanced age, they are not in their reproductive years anymore, thus cannot have more children. According to the estimation based on demographic statistics in 2013, the number of “loss-of-single-child” families in China would reach 10 million in the future. The governmental departments state that parents from this type of families will be considered as the same as “the elderly with 3 NOs” (no ability to work, no income, no dependents), and receive the equal governmental aid and support. 1. Have you ever heard of “Loss-of-Single-Child” family? Yes No2. What do you think is the reason leading the high number of “Loss-of-Single-Child” families in China? a. Large total population b. One Child policy c. Lack of welfare3. What do you think is the biggest difficulty of “Loss-of-Single-Child” parents? a. Emotional/psychological issues due to the shockof losing the only child b. No support from the child at old age c. Others4. Do you think China should use “One Child policy” to control population growth? Yes No5. If you were in a situation of “Loss-of-Single-Child”, would you adopt another child? Yes No6. What is/would be your reason of having children? a. To have someone to support you at an old age b. Have a complete family c. Other7. Do you consider putting parents into nursing home/eldercare home as an unfilial/irresponsible act? Yes No8. How do you think people of “loss-of-single-child” can overcome their sadness and sorrow? Please state the most important points.9. What makes a child a good child? Please answer shortly. 我小时候就移民国外了。在北美文化中没有孝顺这一种说法。所以翻译孝顺这个词的时候我还是比较谨慎，尽量写的让人能明白不会误解。希望对你有帮助。

在数学上，基数（cardinal number)也叫势(cardinality)，指集合论中刻画任意集合所含元素数量多少的一个概念。两个能够建立元素间一一对应的集合称为互相对等集合。例如3个人的集合和3匹马的集合可以建立一 一对应，是两个对等的集合。此外还有语言学和军事上的基数。

生产者物价指数（PPI）：Producer Price Indexes 生产者物价指数主要的目的在衡量各种商品在不同的生产阶段的价格变化情形。CPI是反映与居民生活有关的产品及劳务价格统计出来的物价变动指标GDP国内生产总值 一定时期内（一个季度或一年），一个国家或地区的经济中所生产出的全部最终产品和提供劳务的市场价值的总值。 GNP国民生产总值 指一国公民在一定时期内生产出来的全部最终产品和服务的价值总和。

人 口 生 育常住人口 permanent population 流动人口 floating population 盲流 the unemployed migrant people 劳动力 labor force 外来工 migrant worker 临时工 seasonal worker 人口普查 census 人口基数 population base 人口稠密 densely populated 人口稀少 sparsely populated 人口爆炸 population explosion 人口过剩 overpopulation 出生率 birth rate 死亡率 mortality rate 自然增长率 natural growth rate 人口老化 aging of population 合法婚龄 legal age for marriage 结婚高峰 marriage boom 生育高峰 baby boom period 计划生育 family planning 提倡优生优育,鼓励晚婚晚育 advocate healthy pregnancy and scientific nurture, and encourage late marriage and postponed child-bearing 破除重男轻女习俗 change attitude of viewing sons as better than daughters 多子多福 the more sons, the more blessings 男尊女卑 Man is superior to woman 传宗接代 carry on the family line 养儿防老 bring up sons to support parents in their old age 避孕 contraception 避孕用品 contraceptives 人工流产 abortion 节育 birth control 产妇 lying-in women 婚前检查 premarriage health checkings 孕产妇死亡率 maternal mortality rate 婴儿死亡率 infant mortality rate 节育率（避孕率） contraceptive prevalence rate 总和生育率 total fertility rate(tfr) 平均预期寿命 life expectancy at birth 每年人口增加数 annual increment of the population 人口基数大 large population base 平均年增长数 average annual increase 平均年增长率 average annual growth rate 城市化 urbanization 人口流动 movement of population 流动人口 floating population 人口老龄化 the aging of population 更替水平 population replacement level 社会保障体系 social security system 农村剩余劳力的转移 the transfer of rural surplus labors 正规的学校教育 formal school education 到去年年末，中国人口已达到11亿8千5百万，比上一年净增长1346万。 By the end of last year, the Chinese population had reached 1,185 million, a net increase of 13.34 million from a year ago. 计划生育政策符合中国国情，符合整个国家的利益。 The family control policy suits China’s basic conditions and serves the interests of the whole nation.

我国定期公布的用英文缩写的经济指标主要包括GDP，GNP，CPI，PPI GDP：（gross domestic product），是指国内生产总值。是一个国家或地区在一定时期内生产活动的最终成果。它有三种不同的表现形态：产品形态、价值形态和收入形态。人均GDP就是GDP除以人口基数。绿色GDP，即现行GDP总量扣除环境资源成本和对环境资源的保护服务费用所剩下的部分，即：GDP总量-（环境资源成本+环境资源保护服务费用）=绿色GDPGNP：国民生产总值（Gross National Product），一国一年内所生产的最终产品（包括劳务）的市场价值的总和，英语简称GNP，是国民收入核算中最重要的组成部分。GDP和GNP的区别：GDP是国内生产总值，意思是在一国领土内创造的生产价值，无论是在领土内的本国人，还是外国人。GNP是国民生产总值，意思是一国人一定时期内创造的生产总值，无论这个人是在本国领土内，还是在外国领土内。CPI： 即消费者物价指数(Consumer Price Index)，英文缩写为CPI，是反映与居民生活有关的产品及劳务价格统计出来的物价变动指标，通常作为观察通货膨胀水平的重要指标。如果消费者物价指数升幅过大，表明通胀已经成为经济不稳定因素，央行会有紧缩货币政策和财政政策的风险，从而造成经济前景不明朗。因此，该指数过高的升幅往往不被市场欢迎。 一般说来当CPI>3%的增幅时我们称为INFLATION，就是通货膨胀；而当CPI>5%的增幅时，就是严重的通货膨胀。PPI：生产者物价指数（Producer Price Index），英文缩写为PPI，主要用于衡量各种商品在不同生产阶段的价格变化情况，与消费者物价指数一样，通常作为观察通货膨胀水平的重要指标。对于外汇市场而言，市场更加关注的是最终产品PPI的月度变化情况。由于食品价格因季节变化加大，而能源价格也经常出现意外波动，为了能更清晰地反映出整体商品的价格变化情况，一般将食品和能源价格的变化剔除，从而形成“核心生产者物价指数”，进一步观察通货膨胀率变化趋势。