倍笨儿9999
1 characteristic 特征；特征n. 2 radium 镭n. 3 painter 画家n. 4 put forward 提出 5 scientific 科学的adj. 6 conclude 结束；推断出vt.&vi. 7 conclusion 论断；结束n. 8 draw a conclusion 患上出论断 9 analyse 分析vt. 10 infect 传染；传染vt. 11 infectious 传染的adj. 12 cholera 霍乱n. 13 defeat 打败；受挫；使战胜vt.失败n. 14 expert 熟练的；经验或者奥博的adj.专家；里手n. 15 attend 赐顾帮衬；护理；盛大出席；参加vt. 16 physician 大夫；内科医师n. 17 expose 暴露；揭破；使曝光vt. 18 expose…to 使显露；暴露vt. 19 deadly 致命的adj. 20 cure 治愈；痊愈n.治愈；疗治vt. 21 outbreak 爆发；发作n. 22 challenge 挑战n.向……挑战vt. 23 victim 受害者n. 24 absorb 吸收；吸引；使用心vt. 25 suspect 思疑vt.被思疑者；嫌疑人n. 26 enquiry 扣问n. 27 neighborhood 附近；邻近n. 28 severe 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的adj. 29 clue 线索；提示n. 30 pump 泵；缩水机n.（用泵）抽（水）vt. 31 Cambridge street 剑桥大街 32 foresee 遇见，预知vt. 33 investigate 调查vt.&vi. 34 investigation 调查n. 35 blame 责备；谴责vt.过失；责备n. 36 pollute 污染；搞脏vt. 37 handle 柄；把儿n.措置惩罚；把持vt. 38 germ 微有生命的物质；细菌n. 39 link 毗连；接洽n. 40 link...to... 将……以及……接洽或者毗连起来 41 announce 宣布；通告vt. 42 certainty 确信；确实n. 43 instruct 命令；指示；辅导vt. 44 responsible 有责任的；卖力的adj. 45 construct 设置装备摆设；修建vt. 46 construction 设置装备摆设；建筑物n. 47 contribute 捐募；孝敬；捐助vt.&vi. 48 apart from 除……以外；此外 49 firework 炊火（使爆发）n. 50 chart 图表n. 51 creative 有创造力的；创造性的；独创的adj. 52 co-operative 互助的adj. 53 positive 踊跃的；肯定的；确实的adj. 54 be strict with... 对于……严酷的 55 Nicolaus Copernicus 尼古拉.哥白尼（波兰天思想家） 56 revolutionary 革命的；重大变革的adj. 57 movement 移动；运动；动作n. 58 make sense 讲患上通；有意义 59 backward 向后的（地）；相反的（地）；退步的（地）adj.&adv. 60 loop 圈；环n. 61 privately 暗里地；奥秘地adv. 62 spin （spun，spun）（使）扭转；纺（线或者纱）vt.&vi. 63 brightness 明亮；亮度；聪颖n. 64 enthusiastic 热忱的；热肠的adj. 65 cautious 小心的；谨慎的adj. 66 reject 拒绝；不接管；丢弃vt. 67 universe 宇宙；世界n. 第二单元单词： 1 unite 联合；团结vi.&vt. 2 kingdom 王国n. 3 consist 构成；在于；一致vi. 4 consist of 由……构成 5 London Heathrow Airport 伦敦希尔罗机场 6 province 省；行政区n. 7 River Avon 埃文河 8 River Thames 泰晤士河 9 River Severn 塞文河 10 divide... into 把……分成 11 Wales 威尔士（英） 12 Scotland 苏格兰（英） 13 Northern 北爱尔兰（英） 14 clarify 澄清；讲道理vt. 15 accomplish 完成；到达；实现vt. 16 conflict 矛盾；冲突n. 17 unwilling 不愿意（的）；不乐意（的）adj. 18 break away （from）挣脱（束厄狭隘）；脱离 19 union 联合；联盟；结合；协会n. 20 the Union Jack 英国国旗 21 credit 信任；学分；赞扬；银行存款n. 22 to ones credit 为……带来荣誉；值当赞扬；在……名下 23 currency 钱币；通货n. 24 institution 制度；机制；大众机构n. 25 educational 教诲的adj. 26 convenience 便利；方便n. 27 rough 粗糙的；粗暴的adj. 28 roughly 粗略地；粗糙地adv. 29 Midlands 英格兰中部地域 30 nationwide 全国性的；全国范围的adj. 31 attract 吸引；引起注意vt. 32 你好storical 历史（上）的；有关历史的adj. 33 arc你好tecture 建筑学；建筑艺术n. 34 Roman （古）罗马人n.（古）罗马的adj. 35 collection 保藏品；典藏；收集n. 36 administration 管理；行政部门n. 37 port 港口（都会）n. 38 Anglo-Saxon 盎格鲁—撒克逊人n.盎格鲁—撒克逊人的adj. 39 Norman 诺曼人；诺曼语n.诺曼的；诺曼人（语）的adj. 40 Viking 北欧海匪；斯堪的纳维亚人n. 41 countryside 乡间；屯子n. 42 enjoyable 令人愉快的；使人高兴的adj. 43 leave out 省去；漏掉；不考虑 44 opportunity 机会；机会n. 45 description 描写；描述n. 46 furnished 配备好装备的；带家庭用具的adj. 47 fax 传真（机）n.用传真传输（文件）vt. 48 possibility 有可能（性）n. 49 plus 加上；以及perp.加的；正的；零上的adj. 50 quarrel 争吵；争论；吵架n.争吵；吵架vi. 51 alike 相同的；近是的adj. 52 take the place of 代替 53 break down （呆板）损坏；粉碎 54 arrange 筹备；摆设；整理vt. 55 wedding 婚礼n. 56 fold 折叠；半数vt. 57 sightseeing 不雅光；游览n. 58 delight 快乐；高兴；喜悦n.使高兴；使欣喜vt. 59 royal 王室的；皇室的；崇高的adj. 60 uniform 制服n. 61 St Pauls Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂 62 splendid 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的adj. 63 Westminster Abbey 威斯敏斯特大教堂（英国名人坟场） 64 statue 塑像；雕像n. 65 Buckingham palace 英国王宫 66 Greenwich 格林尼治（英都会）n. 67 longitude 经线；经度n. 68 imaginary 想象中的；假象的；虚构的adj. 69 navigation 导航；航行n. 70 Highgate Cemetery 海格特坟场（英伦敦北郊，内有马克思及其家人的坟墓） 71 communism 共产主义n. 72 original 最初的；原始的；独创的；新颖的adj. 73 thrill 使冲动；使胆战心惊vt. 74 pot 罐；壶n. 75 error 纰缪；过失；错差n. 76 tense 时态n. 77 consistent 一致的adj. 第三单元单词： 1 aspect 方面；层面n. 2 impression 印象；感触；印记n. 3 take up 拿起；接管；起头；接续 4 constant 经常发生的；持续不断的adj. 5 constantly 不断地adv. 6 jet 喷气式飞机n. 7 jet lag 航行时差反映 8 flashback 闪回；倒叙n. 9 previous 在前的；早先的adj. 10 uncertain 不确切的；无驾驭的adj. 11 guide 引导；向导；导游n.指点引导；引导vt. 12 tablet 药片n. 13 expertise 专家理论；专门知识（技能等）n. 14 capsule 太空舱；胶囊n. 15 steward 乘务员；服务员n. 16 stewardess 女乘务员n. 17 opening （收支的）通道；开口；开端n. 18 sideways 往（向、从）一侧；侧着；一面朝前adv. 19 surrounding 周围的物质；环境n.周围的adj. 20 tolerate 容忍；勉强承受vt. 21 combination 结合；组合n. 22 lack 缺乏；没有vt.&vi.缺乏；欠缺的东西n. 23 adjustment 调解；调节n. 24 mask 面具；遮蔽保护面部的罩子；伪装n. 25 be back on ones feet （困境后）恢复；纯粹回复复兴 26 hover 回旋vi. 27 carriage 运输东西；四轮马车；客车n. 28 press 按；压；欺压vt.&vi.按；压；印刷；新闻n. 29 fasten 系牢；扎牢vt. 30 belt 腰带；皮带n. 31 safety belt 安全带 32 lose sight of... 看不见…… 33 sweep up 扫除；横扫 34 flash （使）发光；（使）显现vt.&vi. 35 switch 开关；转换n.转换vt. 36 timetable 时间表；时刻表n. 37 exhausted 力倦神疲的；疲倦不胜的adj. 38 slide into （快捷而悄声地）移动；溜进…… 39 optimistic 乐不雅（主义）的adj. 40 pessimistic 悲不雅（主义）的adj. 41 speed up 加速 42 pedal 踏板；脚蹬n. 43 alien 外星人；异国人n.生疏的；异国的；外星球的adj. 44 mud 泥（浆）n. 45 desert 戈壁；荒原n. 46 enormous 巨大的；庞大的adj. 47 imitate 仿照；仿制vt. 48 moveable 可移动的；勾当的adj. 49 citizen 公民；居民；市民n. 50 typist 打字员n. 51 typewriter 打字机n. 52 postage 邮资n. 53 postcode 邮政编码n. 54 button 纽扣,按键n. 55 instant 刹时；半晌n.当即的；立刻的adj. 56 receiver 接收者；接收器；电话受话器n. 57 efficiency 效率；功效n. 58 efficient 效率高的；有能力的adj. 59 ribbon 丝带；带状物n. 60 dustbin 乐瑟桶n. 61 dispose 布置；摆设vt. 62 disposal 断根；措置惩罚n. 63 ecology 生态；生态学n. 64 greedy 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪婪的adj. 65 swallow 吞下；咽下vt. 66 material 原料；质料n. 67 recycle 回收哄骗；再哄骗vt. 68 manufacture （用呆板）大量出产；成批制造vt. 69 goods 货物n. 70 etc 诸云云类；等等abbr. 71 representative 代表；典型人物n.典型的；有代表性的adj. 72 settlement 假寓；解决n. 73 motivation 动机n. 第四单元： 1 journalist 记者；新闻事情者n. 2 involve 牵涉；涉及；包孕；使介入（卷入）……vt. 3 editor 编辑n. 4 photograph 照片n.给……照相vt. 5 photographer 摄影师n. 6 photography 摄影n. 7 unforgettable 难忘的；永恒想的起来的adj. 8 assignment 任务；分配n. 9 delighted 快乐的；欣喜的adj. 10 admirable 值当赞扬的；令人钦佩的adj. 11 unusual 不同寻常的；奇特的adj. 12 assist 帮忙；协助；支援vt. 13 assistant 助手；助理；售货员n. 14 submit 递交；呈报（文件等）vt. 15 profession 职业；专业n. 16 professional 专业的；职业的adj.专业人员n. 17 colleague 同事n. 18 eager 渴望的；热烈恳切的adj. 19 concentrate 集中；堆积vt. 20 concentrate on 集中；全神灌输于 21 amateur 业余喜好者n. 22 update 更新；使现代化vt. 23 acquire 获取；取患上；学到vt. 24 assess 评估；评定vt. 25 inform 奉告；报信vt. 26 deadline 最后期限n. 27 interviewee 参加应聘者；接管访问者n. 28 meanw你好le 时期；同时adv. 29 depend on 依靠；倚赖 30 case 情况；病例；案件的例子n. 31 accuse 诘问诘责；谴责；控告n. 32 accuse... of 因……诘问诘责或者控告…… 33 accusation 诘问诘责；谴责；控告vt. 34 deliberately 存心肠adv. 35 so as to (do sth) 为了（做）…… 36 deny 否定；拒绝vt. 37 sceptical 思疑的（<美>skeptical）adj. 38 guilty 犯法的；有罪的；内疚的adj. 39 dilemma （进退维谷的）困境；窘境n. 40 demand 需求；要求n.强烈要求vt. 41 demanding 要求很高的；费力的adj. 42 publish 出版；发行；发表；发布vt. 43 scoop 抢先获患上的新闻、利润等；勺子；铲子n. 44 section 部分；节n. 45 concise 简单明白的；简练的adj. 46 imaginative 富于想象力的adj. 47 technically 技术上；工艺上adv. 48 thorough 彻底的；纤悉的adj. 49 gifted 有天赋的adj. 50 idiomatic 惯用的；庇护语言习惯的adj. 51 housewife 家子主妇n. 52 crime 罪行；犯法n. 53 edition 版（本）；版次n. 54 ahead of 在……前边 55 department 部门；部；处；系n. 56 accurate 精确的；正确的adj. 57 senior 年长的；高年级的；高级的adj. 58 polish 擦亮；磨光；修饰vt. 59 c你好ef 首要的；首席的adj.首领；长官n. 60 approve 同意；承认；批准vt. 61 process 加工；措置惩罚vt.过程；程序；步骤n. 62 negative 底版；否定n.否定的；消极的adj. 63 appointment 约会；录用n. 第五单元单词： 1 aid 帮忙；支援；输将n.&vt. 2 first aid （对于伤患者的）急救 3 temporary 权时的；临时的adj. 4 fall ill 生病 5 injury 损伤；伤害n. 6 bleed （bled,bled）流血vt.&vi. 7 nosebleed 鼻出血；流鼻血n. 8 sprain 扭伤 9 sprained 扭伤的adj. 10 ankle 踝（关节）n. 11 choke （使）咽住；（使）窒息vt.&vi. 12 cupboard 橱柜；衣柜n. 13 skin 皮；肉皮儿n. 14 essential 最重要的；不可缺乏的；本质的adj. 15 organ 器官n. 16 layer 层；条理n. 17 barrier 屏障；停滞（物）n. 18 poison 毒药；毒害n.毒害；使中毒vt. 19 ray 光线；射线n. 20 complex 复杂的adj. 21 variety 变化；多样（化）；多变（性）n. 22 liquid 液体n. 23 radiation 辐射；射线n. 24 mild 轻细的；温以及的；温柔的adj. 25 mildly 轻细地；温以及地adv. 26 pan 平底锅；盘子n. 27 stove 炉子；火炉n. 28 heal （使）恢复健康；（使）化解vt.&vi. 29 tissue （有生命的物质）社团；薄的织物；毛巾纸n. 30 electric shock 触电；电休克 31 swell （swelled,swellen）（使）膨胀；隆起vt.&vi. 32 swollen 肿胀的adj. 33 blister 水泡n.（使）起泡vt.&vi. 34 watery （似）水的adj. 35 char 烧焦vi. 36 nerve 神经器官；胆量n. 37 scissors 剪刀n. 38 unbearable 难以勉强承受的；不能容忍的adj. 39 basin 盆；盆地n. 40 squeeze 榨；挤；压榨vt.&vi. 41 squeeze out 榨出；挤出 42 over and over again 重复；多次 43 bandage 绷带n. 44 in place 在适当的位置；适当 45 ointment 要高；油膏n. 46 infection 传染；传染病；传染n. 47 vital 相当重要的；生死攸关的adj. 48 symptom 症状；晴雨表n. 49 label 加标签或者标志；分类vt.标签；标志n. 50 kettle （水）壶；罐n. 51 pour 倒；灌；注；涌vt.&vi. 52 wrist 手腕儿n. 53 damp 湿润的adj. 54 Casey 凯西（姓） 55 sleeve 袖子n. 56 blouse 女衬衫n. 57 tight 牢的；紧的；精密的adj. 58 tightly 紧地；紧紧地adv. 59 firm （动作）稳定有力的；坚定的adj. 60 firmly 坚固地；稳定地adv. 61 throat 喉咙；喉咙n. 62 Janson 詹森（姓） 63 ceremony 典礼；典礼；礼仪n. 64 bravery 英勇；勇气n. 65 Slade 斯莱德（姓） 66 stab 刺；戳；刺伤vt.&vi. 67 a number of 若干；很多 68 put ones hands of 找到 69 treat 疗治；看待；款待vt.&vi.款待；看待n. 70 apply 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vt.申请；请求；使用；有效vi. 71 pressure 压力；积压；压迫（感）n. 72 ambulance 救生车n. 73 scheme 方案；规划n. 74 Southerton 萨瑟顿（姓） 75 make a difference 区分看待；有影响；其（重要）作用 76 bruise 瘀伤；擦伤n.&vi.请采纳答案，支持我一下。
weddinglily
It的用法（专项总结）一、人称代词1，it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复: ①They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.2.，也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子): ②Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.③They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:③I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.．二、.非人称代词 1.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等： ⑴.指天气：It is a lovely day, isn’t it? ⑵.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back.⑶.指日期:It is April First today. ⑷.指距离:It is some 3000 kilometers from A to B.⑸.指价值:It is three dollars. ⑹.指温度:Today it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三、其他用法1.在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语，表示谁在做某事： ①Who is it there? It's I (me/you/he.....). ②I thought it was Mary, but it was not she. ③Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 2.泛泛的指某件事： (有时泛指一般情况) ①It doesn’t matter. ②It is a shame, isn’t it? ③How is it going?(情况怎样) ④It says in the newspaper that......3.it用在一些词组中，it 没有特别的意思 The last train's gone. Come on, we'll foot it.(来，咱们步行吧。)四、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：1.作形式主语替代主语从句 ⑴It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain....) that 从句 常译为＂┅清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的．．．）＂ It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. ⑵It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural...) that 从句 常译为┅是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的┅).that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 ①It is important that we (should) learn English well.②It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. ⑶It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that 从句 常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。 ①It is said that he has come to Beijing. ②It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. ⑷It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded... ) that 从句.that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为＂据建议；有命令．．．） ①It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. ②It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. ⑸It is time ( about time ，high time ) that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did)① It is time that children went to bed.⑹It is the first ( second ... ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时 have done ) It was …(从句用过去完成时had done )常译为＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here⑺It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/... ) that从句. that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 ①It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ ②It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ ⑻It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that从句.常译为 “ 碰巧…,似乎是…,看起来…” ①It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．. ②It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．． 2.作形式主语替代不定式. ⑴ It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。 常见的词有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 如:It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. ⑵It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的中性形容词。 常见的形容词有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant 如:It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party. ⑶It takes sb. ... to do sth. 常译为＂做．．．要花费某人．．．＂。 如:It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 3.作形式主语替代动名词短语It is no good / no use / useless doing sth. 常译为 “┅有好处或没有用” ①It is no good learning English without speaking English. ②It's useless trying to argue with Shylock.五、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。 We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 如:We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers.CF: keep sth, in mind / keep in mind that六、.it的重要句型 1.强调句型: It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句 (被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用) ①It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. ②It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.特例:It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
大大的蚂蚁啊
这个it的用法总结的很好，不是我自己总结的，是一份资料上的，刚好拷给你。如果还有疑问可以继续追问哈。1.It is+被强调部分+that该句型是强调句型，将被强调的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，强调的主语如果是人，可以用来替换，如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子，这也是判断强调句型与其他从句的方法。It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father.It was with great joy ___he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (2004 福建) A. because B. which C. since D. that (D) 2. It is not until +被强调的部分+ that 该句型译成汉语“直到……才”，可以说是的强调形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star. =Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star. =I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.It was ___back home after the experiment. (2004 湖北) A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go (C) 3. It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain) that….该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然、真的、肯定）”是主语从句最常见的结构。It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.=That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.4. It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural…) that…该句型和上一句同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。It is important that we (should) learn English well.It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.5. It is said (reported, learned…) that…该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉……）It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.6. It is suggested (ordered…) that…该句型和上一句属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气 （should+动词原形）。可以省略，常译为“据建议；有命令……”It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in two hours.7. It is a pity (a shame…) that …在该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾。It is a pity that he is ill.他生病了，真遗憾！8. It is time (about time, high time) that…该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是：常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should+动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）……的时候……”It is time that children should go to bed. =It is time that children went to bed.9. It is the first (second, …)time that…该句型应和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用哪种完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态来决定。如果是一般现在时，从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this替换，常译为“是第一（二,…）次…”。10. It is …since…该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时和完成时，引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。It is (has been) 5 years since his father died.It is almost five years ___we saw each other last time. (2005 北京) A. before B. since C. after D. when(B)11. It is …when…该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候，是……”It was 5 o’clock when he came here.12. It be…before…该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态，主句中的表语多是long ,not long ,3 days, 2 weeks等表示时间段的词和短语。常译为“…之后才”，“没过……就……”It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will not be long before he finishes his job.13. It happens (seems, looks, appears) that…该句型中的it 是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen, seem等词是不及物动词。It happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street. (碰巧……)It seems that he will be back in a few days. (看来……)The Foreign Minister said, “___our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” (2004北京) A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is (D) 14. It takes sb…to do sth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做……要花费某人……”It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.15．It is no good (use) doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是 no good (not any good), no use (not any use ).It is no good learning English without speaking English.16. It doesn’t matter whether…该句型中的引导的从句是真正的主语，该句型译为“不论（是否）……没关系……It doesn’t matter whether they are old.17．It is kind (of sb) to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引出，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语的形容词。常见的有：bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish good (好心的),honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教养的),polite, rude, silly, stupid ,wise ,wrong等。这个句型可以改写为sb.is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to stay so =You are kind to say so.18. It is necessary (for sb) to do sth 该句型与上一句统属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for 引出的，主句的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：Important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape, impossible, pleasant.等。It is important for her to come to the party. =It is important that she (should) come to the party.19. It looks (seems) as if …该句型中it 无意义。As if 引导一个状语从句，常译为：“看起来好像……”如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。It looks as if he is ill. （真的病了） It looks as if he was ill. （事实上没有生病）It seemed as if he was dying.20. We think it important to learn a foreign language.该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“7123结构”7指主句中的常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel, take.1指的是形式宾语it .2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. XiaoLi felt it important learning English well.They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.-Do you like ____here? -Oh, yes .The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. (2004 全国卷二) A. this B. these C. that D. it (D)有什么疑问还可以问我，我一直在线。
