• 回答数

    6

  • 浏览数

    251

小树旁的小树
首页 > 英语培训 > 钢琴英文介绍

6个回答 默认排序
  • 默认排序
  • 按时间排序

母婴家居学院

已采纳

钢琴,英文名是Piano,Piano是pianoforte 的简称. 其机械装置有:键盘,击弦机,琴槌, 制音器,琴弦和踏板。现代钢琴的键盘达七个八度,最高音为A;也有再加一个小三度的,最高音为C(88键)。 钢琴第一次用于独奏乐器是在1768年J.C.在英国的一次演出。现代钢琴因形状和体积的不同,主要分为立式钢琴和三角钢琴。音乐会所用的大三角钢琴 是乐器中的庞然大物,有9英尺长,最重的可达79吨。迄今为止最昂贵的钢琴是一架1888年生产的斯坦威牌 三角钢琴,1980年在纽约以18万英镑的高价被拍卖。 钢琴因其独特的音响,88个琴键的全音域,历来受到作曲家的钟爱。在流行、摇滚、爵士以及 古典等几乎所有的音乐形式中都扮演了重要角色,被誉为“乐器之王”。 立式钢琴价格便宜,占用空间小,成为爱好者的购买对象。??? 三角钢琴则用于大型演出或专业人士。立式钢琴采用一种琴弦交错的设计方案,有效地节约了高度与厚度。在此之前的立式钢琴高度达2.4米。现在的只有1-2米高。三角钢琴有 2.7米长。 应用谱号:高音部:高音谱号,不移调记谱; 低音部:低音谱号,不移调记谱。 结构组成:由琴弦列、音板、支架、键盘系统(包括 黑白琴键和击弦音棰)、踏板机械(包括顶杆 和踏板)和外壳共六大部分组成。 使用材质:琴弦列:高、中音琴弦由钢丝制成;低音琴弦 由钢丝加上紫铜缠丝制成。音板:木质结构。 木材要求质地柔软、有弹性、易传导振动,以白松或 梧桐为最佳。支架:包括铸铁支架和木支架两部分。 键盘系统:黑白琴键由象牙或电木制成;音棰常用木制。 踏板机械:金属结构。外壳:漆饰木板结构。 乐器特色:音域宽广,音量宏大,音色变化丰富,可以表达各种不同的音乐情绪,或刚或柔,或急或缓 均可恰到好处;高音清脆,中音丰满,低音雄厚,可以模仿整个交响乐队的效果。 2、钢琴的前身gggg钢琴的前身是古钢琴和羽管键琴。 据文献记载,最早的古钢琴叫克拉维卡,这种琴的创制年代大 约在12世纪到14世纪之间,在欧洲被使用。它的外形象是长方形 木箱上加了一些键子,有的还加上四条腿内部的右侧约1/3、的地 方是音板,它的右端与厚板相接、弦轴被栽在这块厚板上,弦经过 马桥被固定在音板的另一端。在左边2/3处装有特制的键盘,键子 的后端固定着一个平头钉,弹奏的时候,后端抬起时,平头钉敲击弦而发出声音来。 羽管键琴的结构和古钢琴基本相同只是弹奏的时候,安装在 琴键后端的鸟类羽毛管拨动琴弦发音的。 古钢琴和羽管键琴的发音比较弱,音量没有太大的变化。也不能弹奏节奏快速复杂的乐曲.但是古钢琴和羽管键琴的音色较甜 美优雅。由于这两种乐器的声音缺乏表现力,所以逐渐被槌击式钢琴所取代。3、钢琴的发明gggg现代钢琴的发明者是意大利人克利斯托弗利。他原是一位羽管键琴制造者,有着丰富的造琴经验,在总结了羽管键琴的优缺点后,于1709年,在羽管键琴上安装了用槌击弦的键盘机械,奠定了现代钢琴的基础。由于这一改进,弥补了古钢琴和羽管键琴几乎无法调节音量的缺点,这种钢琴在演奏时,随着对键子敲击力的变化来改变音量的大小,音量也比古钢琴和羽管键琴大得多。4、钢琴的发展gggg19世纪初,钢琴已经盛行于欧洲,但它还在不断的改进中。 1809年,法国人埃拉尔改进了钢琴机械,可以使小槌迅速地重复击弦,在这样的钢琴上就能弹奏比较复杂的乐曲了。这种结构形式至今还使用于三角钢琴上。 1780年,瑞士的舒迪创制了制音踏板,从而提高了音乐的和弦连接能力,增强了共鸣效果,同时也使得音乐获得清晰的顿音效果。 1826年,美国工程师霍金斯采用了轴钉、轴架和攀带改进了击弦机构。在这一时期内还有不少制造者对钢琴的支撑结构、弦列的安排以及小槌材料等进行了改进。 1850年,支撑结构、弦列的交叉排列和复震奏式击弦机三要素相结合,从此确立了现代钢琴结构最理想的基本形式。从那时开始到现在的100多年,钢琴的内部结构几乎没有作过多少改动。5、回溯"钢琴300年"gggg对于费迪南多.玛利亚.德.梅蒂奇宫廷的人们来说,这一新乐器的出现也许算不上是什么革命性的发明。其富于曲线的外形、成排的琴键,与佛罗伦萨皇家教堂及宫廷内拥有的普通的羽管键琴(harpsichord)没有两样。但在其内部却装置有一系列细小的琴锤及水平的琴弦。与羽管键琴以直接的力量瞧击琴弦不同,这种装置允许演奏者通过触键来控制琴捶。这一被梅蒂奇宫廷艺术工匠巴托梅欧.克里斯朵夫称为"有时轻柔,有时响亮的羽管键琴"的乐器,很快它就变成了轻重琴(pianoforte),并最终被定名为钢琴(Piano)。 从此,钢琴便成为了西方音乐中最重要的乐器之一。 gggg无论是在古典交响协奏曲中、还是爵士乐团中,就连下等的小酒馆中,都能见到它的身影。 在3月初于美国华盛顿西蒙索尼恩国家历史博物馆举办的"钢琴300年"展览中,人们得以再次回顾它三个世纪来所走过的光辉的历史。此次展出的实物包括克里斯朵夫亲手制作的真品、利伯雷西的令人叹为观止的水晶外壳的大钢琴等。应该提到的是,这次展览得到了众多鉴赏家、乐器制作家、富有远见的商人的大力协助。 在2000年来纪念"钢琴300年",似乎与克里斯朵夫于1709年完成第一架钢琴的制作的史实有些出入。但最新的文献研究得出了新的结论。据"钢琴300年"展览的承办人之一,帕特里克.拉克尔介绍:"在佛罗伦萨保存的梅蒂奇家族的文献中,提到了关于一件新乐器被发明的事件,并称''该键盘乐器能够发出或轻或重的声音''。其日期标注为1700年。因此,我们可以得知,早在1700年克里斯朵夫就已经制作出了至少一架这种新式的乐器。"在随后的一段时间里,钢琴一直是皇宫贵族们的奢侈品,由少数音乐家专门为国王和公爵们表演。真正使这一乐器普及开来的关键人物是菲奇奥.克列门蒂,虽然他是一个大家公认的缺乏想象力的演奏者(莫扎特更称其为"机器")。????克列门蒂同时也是一名头脑灵活的商人,并利用演出使其不断对这一乐器加以改进。其另一贡献当属1801年《名手之道》的出版,这一曲集在今天仍为学琴者广泛使用。 当人们提及19世纪的大演奏家时,首先会想起弗朗兹.李斯特。这位匈牙利人以其魔幻般的技巧和极具感染力的演奏,将钢琴的魅力发挥得淋漓尽致。《钢琴的作用》一书的作者、贝特斯学院的音乐教授,詹姆斯.帕拉基拉斯甚至称:"女人们从它那里得到一种性的满足。"当像斯坦威等大公司开始采用自动化生产技术,生产成本大大地降低,普通人终于也有机会去尝试演奏李斯特的那些技巧辉煌的乐曲了。钢琴便迅速地走进千家万户,成为中产阶级家庭的必备品。正如拉克尔所说:"在电气化时代到来之前,它是家庭休闲、娱乐的中心。年轻女子在其母跟前,向其追求者显示自己的重要场所。"到了1910年,英、美、法、德等国纷纷建立起钢琴的生产流水线,年产量达到了60万台。 虽然在20世纪,乐器家族中涌现出了吉他、萨克斯等后起之秀,但钢琴--这一诞生于梅蒂奇时代巨大、笨重的乐器,仍然受到包括杰瑞.李.莱文斯、约翰.凯奇、赫伯特.汉考克在内的众多现代音乐家的青睐。威廉.玛丽学院的音乐学家马克.塔克尔说"我并不认为莫顿、艾灵顿、蒙克等爵士乐大师,在作为杰出的作曲家的同时又是卓越的钢琴大师,是一个偶然的事件。能够象控制交响乐队那样,将音色、和弦和旋律完全掌握在一个人手中,是钢琴演奏最奇妙的地方。"拥有从贝多芬奏鸣曲到《枫叶拉格泰姆》这样无数的音乐文献,克里斯朵夫三百年前发明的这个"能发出大声和小声的羽管键琴"永远也不必担心会被当作文物送进历史博物馆中。

钢琴英文介绍

320 评论(15)

钱川同学

The piano is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard. Widely used in Western music for solo performance, ensemble use, chamber music, and accompaniment, the piano is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity have made it one of the most familiar musical instruments.钢琴是通过多种键盘方式来表演的乐器,在西方音乐中以独奏,合奏,室内音乐及伴奏的方式广泛应用。它也受欢迎于辅助作曲和排练。尽管它不方便携带并且价格昂贵,但钢琴以它的多功能性及普及性成为人们最熟悉的乐器。

250 评论(10)

晓旭的妈妈

Piano is the general name given to a musical instrument classified as a keyboard, percussion, or string instrument, depending on the system of classification used. The piano produces sound by striking steel strings with felt hammers that immediately rebound allowing the string to continue vibrating at its resonant frequency. These vibrations are transmitted through the bridges to the soundboard, which amplifies them.The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments.The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed.

150 评论(12)

Mr.白马王爷

The piano is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with felt hammers. The hammers immediately rebound allowing the strings to continue vibrating at their resonant frequency. These vibrations are transmitted through a bridge to a soundboard that amplifies them.The piano is widely used in Western music for solo performance, ensemble use, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity have made it one of the most familiar musical instruments. It is sometimes classified as both a percussion and a stringed instrument. According to the Hornbostel-Sachs method of music classification, it is grouped with Chordophones.The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, clavicembalo [or gravicembalo] col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the instrument's responsiveness to keyboard touch, which allows the pianist to produce notes at different dynamic levels by controlling the speed with which the hammers hit the strings.

357 评论(8)

我的飞飞

The piano is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard. It is one of the most popular instruments in the world. Widely used in classical and jazz music for solo performances, ensemble use, chamber music and accompaniment, the piano is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity have made it one of the world's most familiar musical instruments.Pressing a key on the piano's keyboard causes a felt-covered hammer to strike steel strings. The hammers rebound, allowing the strings to continue vibrating at their resonant frequency.[1] These vibrations are transmitted through a bridge to a sounding board that more efficiently couples the acoustic energy to the air. The sound would otherwise be no louder than that directly produced by the strings. When the key is released, a damper stops the string's vibration. See the article on Piano key frequencies for a picture of the piano keyboard and the location of middle-C. In the Hornbostel-Sachs system of instrument classification, pianos are considered chordophones.The word piano is a shortened form of pianoforte, the Italian word for the instrument (which in turn derives from the previous terms "gravicembalo col piano e forte" and fortepiano). The musical terms "piano" and "forte" mean "quiet" and "loud," and in this context refers to the variations in volume of sound the instrument produces in response to a pianist's touch on the keys: the greater a key press's velocity, the greater the force of the hammer hitting the string(s), and the louder the note produced.The piano is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard. Widely used in Western music for solo performance, ensemble use, chamber music, and accompaniment, the piano is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity have made it one of the most familiar musical instruments.钢琴是一种乐器,用键盘打。它是世界上最流行的乐器之一。广泛应用于古典和爵士音乐独奏,合奏,室内乐和钢琴伴奏,也非常流行于辅助作曲和排练。虽然不可移植的,往往是昂贵的,钢琴的通用性和普遍性使它成为世界上最熟悉的乐器。压在钢琴的键盘会觉得覆盖锤击打钢弦。锤子反弹,使弦继续振动,在谐振频率。[ 1 ]这些振动是通过一个桥传送到探测板,更有效地连接到空气声能量。的声音会比由字符串直接产生不响。当按键松开,停止弦的振动阻尼器。看到一篇关于琴键频率对于图片的钢琴键盘和middle-c.在霍恩博斯特尔Sachs仪器系统分类位置,被认为是鸣乐器钢琴。这个词的钢琴是钢琴的简称,意为仪器的话(这又是从以前的“大键琴Col pianoeforte”和钢琴)。这个音乐术语“钢琴”、“福特”的意思是“安静”和“大声的,”在这里是指在声音的仪器产生响应于一个钢琴家的触摸按键上的大体积的变化:按下一个键的速度,的锤击力大(字符串S),和响亮的音符产生。钢琴是一种乐器,用键盘打。广泛用于西方的音乐独奏,合奏,室内音乐,伴奏,钢琴也非常流行于辅助作曲和排练。虽然不可移植的,往往是昂贵的,钢琴的通用性和普及性成为人们最熟悉的乐器。

211 评论(13)

得帮小赵

Piano is the general name given to a musical instrument classified as a keyboard, percussion, or string instrument, depending on the system of classification used. The piano produces sound by striking steel strings with felt hammers that immediately rebound allowing the string to continue vibrating at its resonant frequency. These vibrations are transmitted through the bridges to the soundboard, which amplifies them. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed. The piano is widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment. It is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity has made it among the most familiar of musical instruments. The word piano is a shortened form of the word pianoforte, which is seldom used except in formal language and derived from the original Italian name for the instrument, gravicèmbalo col piano e forte (literally harpsichord with soft and loud). This refers to the ability of the piano to produce notes at different dynamic levels depending on the speed and force with which a key is pressed.

293 评论(12)

相关问答