传记英文短语

appeal 释义：n. 恳求；呼吁；上诉；吸引力。

n. (体育比赛中)诉请裁决

v. 呼吁；有吸引力；求助；诉请

读音：英 [ə'piːl] 美 [ə'piːl]

单词变形：

1、形容词: appealable

2、名词: appealability

3、过去式: appealed

4、过去分词: appealed

5、现在分词: appealing

6、第三人称单数: appeals

双语例句：

Films of that sort have lost their appeal for children.

那种电影对孩子们已经没有吸引力了。

appeal of 的中文意思是：上诉；的吸引力。

重要词汇：

读音：英 [əˈpiːl] 美 [əˈpiːl]

释义：v.呼吁；吁请；恳请；恳求；上诉；要求上级法院重新审理；有吸引力的；有趣的；敦促；向…呼吁

n.迫切的请求；恳切的要求；上诉；吸引力；趣味性；哀求；争取经济支持的呼吁；呼吁

（语法）复数： appeals；第三人称单数： appeals；现在分词： appealing；过去式： appealed；过去分词： appealed

短语：

例句：

中考重点句型答案1. …as soon as… 一… 就…Mary一见到她弟弟就会告诉他这个消息。Mary will tell her brother this message as soon as he sees him.我们一到那儿就去爬山了。We went climbing as soon as we arrived / got / reached there.2. as + adj./adv.+ as… …和…一样（的 / 地）…not as(so)…as… …不如 / 不比 … ….李雷和吉母跑得一样快。Li Lei runs as fast as Jim.约翰和你的年龄不一样大。John is not as (so) old as you.这部电视剧不如那部有趣。(TV series)This TV series is not as (so) interesting as that one.3. as +adj./adv.+ as possible 尽可能 … 的 / 地 …我们在英语课上应该尽可能地多讲英语。We should speak English as much as possible in English class.你能不能尽可能慢一些读这个句子？Can you read the sentence as slowly as possible?4. ask sb for sth 向某人要求某物当你迷路时，你可以向警察需求帮助。When you get lost, you can ask the police for help.一些学生经常向父母要钱去玩电子游戏。(video games)Some students often ask their parents for money to play video games.他向父母要一辆自行车作为生日礼物。He asked his parents for a bicycle as his birthday present.5. ask/ tell sb. (how) to do sth 询问 / 告诉 某人如何做某事许多学生经常问老师如何才能学好英语。Many students often ask their teachers how to learn English well.让我来告诉你如何发邮件。Let me tell you how to send an e-mail.6. ask / tell /want sb (not) to do sth. 要求（让）/ 告诉 / 想要 某人 做（不做）某事护士告诉我服用此药需一日三次，饭后服用。The nurse told me to take this medicine three times a day after meals.老师经常告诉我要更加努力地学习。The teacher often tells me to study harder.他让我不要再犯同样的错误。He asked me not to make the same mistake again.7. make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth 使 / 让 某人做（不做）某事他使得孩子哭得很厉害。He made the child cry loudly.昨天他使我在影院门口等了很长时间。He made me wait for long (for a long time) at the gate of the cinema yesterday.直到我们做完了作业,妈妈才让我们去玩球。Mother didn’t let us play football until we finished our homework.那个老板迫使工人们每天工作10小时。That boss made the workers work (for) ten hours a day.8. be afraid of doing / to do/that 害怕 / 不敢 做某事这个小女孩不敢晚上出去。The little girl is afraid to go out in the evening / at night. 他害怕独自呆在家里。He is afraid of staying at home alone.许多人担心他们会失去工作。（be afraid that）Many people are afraid that they will lose their jobs.9. be busy with sth. / doing sth. 忙于某事 / 做某事现在学生们忙于准备考试。Now students are busy preparing for the exams.昨天下午妈妈都在忙着做家务。（两种）Mother was busy with housework yesterday afternoon.Mother was busy doing housework yesterday afternoon.10. be famous / late /ready / sorry for sth.因…而著名 / （做）…迟到了 / 晚了 / 为…准备 / 为… 而抱歉如果你不快点，你就会上班迟到。If you don’t hurry, you will be late for work.杭州以丝绸而出名。Hangzhou is famous for silk.我们已经准备好迎接奥运会了。We have been ready for the Olympic Games.我为我的错误而抱歉。I am sorry for my mistake.11. be glad that 很高兴…我很高兴你能来参加晚会。I am very glad that you can come to the evening party.老师很高兴我们班得了第一名。The teacher was very glad that our class was the first / won the first prize.12. give/ show/ bring/ lend/ send/ pass/ tell / offer sth to sbbuy/give/ show/ send/ pass/ bring/ lend/ tell sb. sth给某人某物；给某人看某物；给某人带来某物；借给某人某物；送给某人某物；递给某人某物；把某事告诉给某人；主动给某人某物请递给我一张纸。Please pass me a piece of paper. =Please pass a piece of paper to me.请把你的画给我看看。Please show me your picture.=Please show your picture to me 他借给我一辆自行车。He lent me a bike.=He lent a bike to me.别忘了下次来给我带点儿钱。Don’t forget to bring me some money when you come here next time.= Don’t forget to bring some money to me when you come here next time.13. either…or… 或… 或…, 不是… 就是…, 要么…要么… 不是你，就是他是对的。 Either you or he is right. V. 就近原则每个周末，我们要么去公园，要么呆在家里。We either go to a park or stay at home every weekend. (at/on weekends.)要了解世界，人们既可以读报纸，也可以看电视。People can either read newspapers or watch TV to get to know the world.14. neither…nor… 既不… 也不…, 两者都不…我和他都没有读过这本书。Neither he nor I have ever read this book. V. 就近原则这个女孩已经十岁了，但她既不会读书，也不会写字。The girl is already ten, but she can neither read nor write.15. enjoy/ finish/mind/ keep/ practise/go on doing sth.享受做…之乐；做完某事；介意做某事；一直做某事；练习做某事；继续做…我们应该经常练习讲英语。We should often practice speaking English.我奶奶一直坚持早晨锻炼身体已经有十年了。My grandma has kept doing exercise in the morning for ten years.16. find /think / feel + it + adj. （for sb.）to do sth. 发现/ 认为/觉得 做某事 如何越来越多的人发现吃太多汉堡包不利于健康。More and more people have found it unhealthy to eat too many hamburgers.很多大学生发现在大学中交友很难。A lot of students have found it very hard to make friends at college.17. get + adj. 的比较级 + and + adj. 的比较级 变得越来越…地球变得越来越暖和了。It gets warmer and warmer on the earth.春天到了，天气变得越来越热了。Spring is coming and it’s getting warmer and warmer.北京变得越来越美丽了。Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful.18. The + adj./adv.的比较级， the + adj./adv.的比较级。 越..., 就越…。天气越冷,人们穿得就越多。The colder it is, the more people wear.我们种的树越多,空气就会越干净。The more trees we plant, the cleaner the air will be.英语，我们练习得越多，说得就越好。The more we practice speaking English, the better we can speak.你越强健，患感冒的机会就越少。The stronger you are, the less chance you will catch a cold.19. It is + 序数词+ adj./adv.的最高级 + n.黄河是中国第二长的河流。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 他是我们班跑得第二快的。He runs the second fastest in our class.20. one of the + 最高级 + n. (pl.) 是最…之一者姚明是世界上最好的篮球运动员之一。Yao Ming is one of the best basketball players in the world.三亚是中国最美丽的城市之一。Sanya is one of the most beautiful cities in China.21. be/get ready for… 为… 做准备get … ready 准备好…北京正在为举办奥运会做准备。Beijing is getting ready for the Olympic Games.课上，刘老师要求我们准备好纸和笔听写。（dictation）Ms. / Mr. Liu asked us to get the paper and pens ready for the dictation in class.22. had better (not) do sth. 最好（不）做某事你最好放学后早点回家。You’d better go home earlier after school.你最好不要乘飞机去澳门。(Macau)You’d better not take an airplane to Macau / not fly to Macau / not go to Macau by air.23. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人昨天下午4点我在帮妈妈洗衣服。I was helping my mother (to) wash clothes at 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon.学生们每年都帮助农民摘苹果。(apple harvest)Students help farmers with the apple harvest every year.24. I don’t think that… 我认为 / 想 / 觉得 …不…。我认为他不应该放弃学习英语。I don’t think he should give up learning English. 他发烧了。我想他明天不会去野餐了。He has got a fever. I don’t think he will go for a picnic tomorrow. 25. would like sth. would like to do sth. would like sb. to do sth.你想要一些喝的东西吗？(两种) Would you like something to drink? Would you like to drink something?你愿意和我去听新年音乐会吗？Would you like to go to the New Year concert with me?我想要他帮我去买词典。I would like him to buy a dictionary for me.26. It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事……对他们来说记住这么多单词是很难的。It is very difficult for them to remember so many words.对学生们来说，做眼保健操是十分必要的。It’s quite necessary for students to do the eye exercises.27. It’s good / better / best / bad / worse / worst (for sb.) to do做某事 好 / 更好 / 最好 / 糟糕 （很不好） / 更糟糕 / 最糟糕晚饭后散步是很好的。It’s good to take a walk / go for a walk after dinner / supper.对他们来说坐飞机去三亚更好。It’s better for them to take an airplane to Sanya / to fly to Sanya.在强烈的阳光下看书很不好。It’s very bad to read in strong sun.28. It’s good / bad for… 对……有好处 / 不好。练习游泳对你的肺部有好处。It’s good for your lungs to practice swimming.(Practicing swimming is good for your lungs.)29. It is a good idea to do sth. 做某事是个好主意。明天去野餐是个好主意。It is a good idea to have a picnic tomorrow.为他开个生日聚会是个好主意。It is a good idea to hold / have a birthday party for him.30. sth. looks /sounds/smells/tastes/feels like …某物 看上去 / 听起来 / 闻起来 / 尝起来 / 摸起来（感觉） 像 ……这种糖果看上去像玻璃。This kind of sweets look like glass.这块蛋糕尝起来像草莓。This piece of cake tastes like strawberries.他的建议听起来像个好主意。His suggestion sounds like a good idea.31. sth. looks /sounds/smells/tastes/feels + adj.某物 看上去 / 听起来 / 闻起来 / 尝起来 /摸起来（感觉） 怎么样 ……他的主意听上去有点儿奇怪。His idea sounds a little strange.这汤闻起来好恶心。The soup smells nasty / revolting.这个玩具熊摸起来真软和。This toy bear feels so soft.32. It seems to sb. that… 对某人来说，某事似乎、好像……对他来说这道题好像有点难。It seems to him that this question / problem is a little difficult. 对很多人来说房子好像是最重要的。It seems to many people that houses are the most important.33. It takes sb. some time to do sth.. 某人花费…时间做某事。每天晚上，我花半个小时看新闻。It takes me half an hour to watch the news every evening.他用了一整天的时间做完了一架飞机模型。It took him a whole day to finish making a model plane.你的爷爷每天花多长时间锻炼身体？How long does it take your grandfather to do exercise / do some sports every day?34. spend … on sth. (+ n. / pron.) 某人在某方面花费（时间/金钱）spend … (in) doing sth. (+ v.-ing) 某人花费（时间/金钱）做某事这个女孩上个学期在功课上花了很长时间。The girl spent a lot of time on her lessons last term.她用其毕生的时间写完了这部传记。She spent all her life / lifetime in finishing writing this biography. 他每天在英语（学习）上花多长时间？How long does he spend on English study every day?35. It’s time( for sb.) to do sth. / It’s time for sth. 该到（做）……的时候了。该回家了。(两种)It’s time to go home. It’s time for home.该开会了。(两种)It’s time to have a meeting. It’s time for a meeting.该是Tom吃药的时间了。It’s time for Tom to take medicine.该到咱们去图书馆借书的时间了。It’s time for us to borrow books from the library.36. It’s … meters (years) long (high, old, wide). 长安街大约10公里长， 60米宽。Chang an Street is about 10 kilometers long and 60 meters wide.这座大楼有四十米高。The building is forty meters high.37. keep sb. doing sth. 让 / 使某人一直做某事快点！不要让他们等得太久。Hurry up! Don’t keep them waiting too long.他的父母总是让他坚持练习弹钢琴。His parents always keep him practicing playing the piano.38. keep / make + n. / pron. + adj. 保持 / 使……怎么样请你把门敞开着好吗？(Will you please do …?)Will you please keep the door open?请保持阅览室干净、整齐。Please keep the reading room clean and tidy.保持城市清洁是我们每一个人的责任。(duty)It’s our duty to keep the city clean.他的话使父母很生气。What he said made his parents very angry.39. like doing / like to do 我妹妹十分喜欢唱歌跳舞。My younger sister likes singing and dancing very much.他母亲不喜欢乘坐飞机旅行。His parents don’t like to travel by plane / air.40. not … at all. 根本不……，一点儿不……。这孩子一点儿也不可爱。This child is not lovely at all.像班里其他人一样，我根本不了解这位新老师。I don’t know this new teacher at all like all the others in my class.41. not … until… 直到……才……警察找不到那个丢失的孩子是不会回来的。The policemen won’t come back until they find the lost child.直到下了第一节课，他才把作业交给老师。 He didn’t hand in his homework until the first period was over.42. One … the other… 一个……，另一个……Some… others… 一些……，另一些……我有两个爱好。一个是游泳，另一个是滑冰。I have two hobbies. One is swimming, the other is skating.周三下午有两节课。一节是化学，另一节是政治。There are two classes on Wednesday afternoon. One is chemistry, the other is politics.学生们都在做扫除。一些在扫地，还有一些在擦玻璃。All the students are doing some cleaning. Some are sweeping the floor, others are cleaning the windows.43. prefer…to… 比起…，更喜欢…。 比起梨，我更喜欢桃子。I prefer peaches to pears.夏天，比起游泳，Tom更喜欢冲浪。Tom prefers surfing to swimming in summer.prefer to do…rather than do… 宁愿做……也不愿做…..下雪天，他宁愿走路去上学，也不愿骑车去上学。He prefers to go to school on foot rather than go to school by bike on a snowy day.He prefers to walk to school rather than ride to school on a snowy day.44. see/ hear sb. do / doing sth 看见 / 听到 某人做了某事 / 在做某事做饭时，我听到有人在敲门。I heard someone knocking at / on the door when I was cooking.突然我看到他从自行车上摔了下来。Suddenly, I saw him fall off the bicycle.42. too + adj. / adv. + to do sth. 太……以至于不……这间教室太小了，容不下40名学生。This classroom is too small to hold forty students.Sandy太小了，还不能独自去上学。Sandy is too young to go to school by himself.今天风太大了，划不了船。It’s too windy to go boating today.45. so + adj. / adv. + that 从句 太……以至于……这个电影太有趣了，我还想再看一遍。This film is so interesting that I want to watch / see it again.这道题太难了，我和Sue都算不出来。This problem was so difficult that neither Sue nor I could work it out.姚明篮球打得非常好，世界上很多人都知道他。Yao Ming plays basketball so well that many people in / around the world know him.43. such a / an + adj. + n. (可数) + that 从句 某事物太……以至于……这部电影太有趣了，我还想再看一遍。It’s such an interesting film that I want to see / watch it again.这部侦探小说真有意思，他看得都忘记吃晚饭了。It was such an interesting detective novel that he forgot to have dinner.44. stop to do sth. 停下来做某事 （另一件事）stop doing sth. 停止做某事 （正在做的事）他停下来喝了杯茶，然后继续工作。He stopped to have a cup of tea, and then went on working.铃声一响，学生们就不互相说话了。 Students stopped talking with each other as soon as the bell rang.45. take / bring sth with sb. 把……带上 / 带……来要下雨了，你最好带上雨伞。It’s going to rain. You’d better take an umbrella (wth you).明天你们别忘了带照相机来。Don’t forget to bring your cameras tomorrow.46. thank sb for sth. / doing sth. 因为……感谢某人 / 感谢某人做了某事十分感谢你们的帮助。Thank you very much for your help.谢谢你告诉我们这个消息。Thank you for telling us the news / message.非常感谢您请我们参观你们的学校。Thank you very much for inviting us to visit your school.47. There is something / nothing wrong with… ……有了/ 没有问题，出了/ 没毛病 上学路上，我的自行车出了点儿毛病，所以第一节课迟到了。 On my way home there was something wrong with my bike, so I was late for the first class. 这台电脑没毛病，不需要修理。There is nothing wrong with the computer. It doesn’t need repairing.What’s the matter /wrong with…? ……怎么了？你的手表怎么了？坏了。What’s the matter / wrong with your watch? It doesn’t work.—李平怎么了？—他胃疼，不想吃东西。—What’s the matter/ wrong with Li Ping?—He’s got stomachache. He doesn’t feel like eating anything.48. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 used to be + n. / adj. 曾经是……Mike过去常打篮球，但现在他对足球感兴趣。Mike used to play basketball but now he is interested in playing football.他曾经是一位历史老师，但现在是一位商人。He used to be a history teacher but now he is a businessman.这曾经是一条清澈的小河，但现在变得越来越脏了。It used to be a clear river but now it’s getting dirtier and dirtier.49. What about / How about + n. / pron. / doing…? …… / 做某事 怎么样？（提建议）现在正在下雨呢。明天怎么样？It’s raining now. How about tomorrow?放学后咱们去滑冰怎么样？What about going skating after school?50. Why don’t you do …? / Why not do…? 为什么不做某事呢？ （提建议）干吗不尝试一下呢？Why not have a try?天气真好！为什么我们不出去散步呢？It’s a nice day. Why not go out for a walk?51. Will (Would / Could) you please (not) do sth.? 请您做某事好吗？（礼貌地请求）请您把收音机关小点儿声好吗？Would you please turn down the radio a little bit?请您用英语再说一遍这个词好吗？Could you please say this word again in English? 在医院里请你们不要大声喧哗好吗？ Would you please not make much noise in the hospital?52. both…and… 两者都Lily 和Liz都擅长弹钢琴。Both Lily and Liz are good at playing the piano.(Lily and Liz are both good at playing the piano.)昨晚，爸爸和妈妈都回来得很晚。Both father and mother came back late yesterday evening/ last night.(Father and mother both came back late yesterday evening/ last night.)53. not only…, but also… 不但……而且……， 不仅……还……长城不仅是中国的骄傲，也是世界的骄傲。(the pride of)The Great Wall is not only the pride of China, but also the pride of the world.54. stop / keep / prevent + o. + from doing sth. 阻止……做某事严重的交通堵塞使得他没能赶上最后一班火车。 The serious traffic jam stopped him from catching the last train. 警察刚才阻止了那个男孩儿玩火。 The policeman prevented that boy from playing with fire just now.55. get on with sb. 与某人相处我希望在新的学校里，你能与同学们相处融洽。I hope you can get on well with other students in the new school.get on with sth. 继续请继续你的工作。Please get on with your work.56. be able to do sth. 能 / 会做某事，有能力做某事十个月的婴儿会走路吗？Is a 10-month baby able to walk?他两岁时就能认识一千多个字。He was able to know over /more than one thousand words at two.57. be proud of 为......感到骄傲、自豪所有中国人都为我们的体操运动员感到自豪。All the Chinese (people) are proud of our gymnasts.58. have nothing to do with 与……无关他怎么想与我无关。What he thinks has nothing to do with me.59. What do you mean by doing sth.? 你做某事是什么意思？你说这话是什么意思？What do you mean by saying this?60. What do you think of …? / How do you like…? 你认为......怎么样？你认为我的新房子怎么样？What do you think of / How do you like my new house?你认为搬到郊区去住怎么样？What do you think of / How do you like moving to the suburbs to live?61. It is said that… 据说…据说他过去曾经是一位足球运动员。 It is said that he used to be a football player.

vampire

英 ['væmpaɪə]  美

n. 吸血鬼；[脊椎] 吸血蝙蝠

短语

Vampire Game 吸血游戏 ; 吸血 ; 吸血鬼游戏

Vampire Prosecutor 吸血鬼检察官

Vampire Chronicles 吸血鬼编年史 ; 吸血鬼列传 ; 吸血鬼传记 ; 吸血鬼纪事

扩展资料

同近义词

dracula

英 ['drækjulə]  美

n. 吸血鬼，又叫惊情四百年（电影名）；德拉库拉（人名）

短语

dracula movie 恐怖片 ; 内容残酷 ; 恐怖的电影 ; 可骇片

Dracula Castle 德古拉城堡 ; 德古拉堡 ; 德拉库拉城堡图片 ; 吸血古堡

Operation Dracula 德古拉战机 ; 德古拉作战

例句

1、They dress up as ghosts, witches or frightening Dracula.

他们装扮成鬼、巫婆或者可怕的吸血鬼。

2、In the novel, Dracula roams about in daylight, though his strength is weakened.

在小说里，吸血鬼在白天出没，虽然这时他的力量很弱。

3、The novel itself is an epistolary, written entirely in letters by its cast of characters, though Dracula himself is revealed only through the impressions of others.

这部小说本身是由主演以书信的形式记录的，虽然吸血鬼本身只能通过其他人想象才能显示出来。

Vampire，《暮光之城》和《吸血鬼日记》里用的都是这个词

history ['histri] n. 历史，历史学narrative ['nærətiv] n. 记事，叙事Herodotus [hə'rɔdətəs] n. 希罗多德circa ['sə:kə] prep. （拉丁语）大约（简写c., ca., cir., circ., C.）Thucydides [θju'sidədi:z] n. 修昔底德chronological [.krɔnə'lɔdʒikəl] adj. 年代学的，按年代顺序的territorial [.teri'tɔ:riəl] adj. 区域性的，地方性的thematically [θi'mætikli] adv. 按主题方式，按专题方式 Big History 大历史（学派）archaeology [.ɑ:ki'ɔlədʒi] n. 考古学methodology [.meθə'dɔlədʒi] n. 方法论approach [ə'prəutʃ] n. 研究方法discipline ['disiplin] n. 学科perspective [pə'spektiv] n. 观点the humanities [hju:'mænitiz] 人文学科the social sciences 社会科学classification [.klæsifi'keiʃən] n. 分类anthropology [.ænθrə'pɔlədʒi] n. 人类学global history 全球史historiography [.histɔ:ri'ɔgrəfi] n. 历史编纂学，史学史，文献学biographical [.baiə'græfikəl] adj. 传记的，传记体的thematic [θi'mætik] adj. 主题的，专题的medieval [medi'i:vəl] adj. 中世纪的philosophy of history 历史哲学meta-level ['metə 'levəl] 总体层面，元级teleological [.teli'ɔlədʒikəl] adj. 目的论的diplomatic [.diplə'mætik] adj. 外交的historical method 史学方法primary sources 原始材料epistemology [i.pisti'mɔlədʒi] n. 认识论Peloponnesian [.peləpə'ni:ʃən] adj. 伯罗奔尼撒半岛的divine [di'vain] adj. 神的，神圣的chronology [krə'nɔlədʒi] n. 编年史cyclical ['saiklikl] adj. 循环的posthumous ['pɔstjuməs] adj. 身后的，死后的dynastic [dai'næstik] adj. 王朝的Saint Augustine [seint ɔ:'gʌstin] n. 圣奥古斯丁Christian ['kristjən] adj. 基督教的，基督教徒的the Renaissance [rə'neisəns] n. 文艺复兴，文艺复兴时期religious [ri'lidʒəs] adj. 宗教的Hegel ['heigl] n. 黑格尔secular ['sekjulə] adj. 世俗的Ranke [ræŋk] n. 兰克epic ['epik] adj. 史诗的，叙事的；史诗，叙事诗nationalistic [.næʃənəl'istik] adj. 民族主义的Fernand Braudel [fer'nan brɔ'del] 费尔南•布罗代尔Le Roy Ladurie [lə rwa ladju'ri:] 拉鲁瓦•拉杜里Marc Bloch [mark blɔk] 马克•布洛克Lucien Febvre [lysjæn fevr] 吕西安•费弗尔multi-disciplinary [.mʌlti'disiplinəri] adj. 多学科的the Annales ['ænəlz] School 年鉴学派quantitative history 数量史学raw data 原始数据ethnic ['eθnik] adj. 族群的，族裔的racial ['reiʃəl] adj. 种族的genre ['ʒɑ:nrə] n. 类型，流派，风格history of everyday life 日常生活史Marxist ['mɑ:ksist] adj., n. 马克思主义（者）的；马克思主义者Eric Hobsbawm ['erik 'hɔbsbɔm] 埃里克•霍布斯鲍姆Georges Lefebvre [ʒɔrʒ lə'fevr] 乔治•勒费弗尔François Furet [fran'swa fy're] 弗朗索瓦•弗雷Roland Mousnier [rɔ'lan mu:'njei] 罗兰•穆尼埃anti-Marxist adj. 反马克思主义的feminist ['feminist] adj. 女性主义的，女权主义的；女权主义者postmodernist [.pəust'mɔdərnist] n., adj. 后现代主义者；后现代主义（者）的Richard Evans ['ritʃəd 'evənz] 理查德•埃文斯Keith Windschuttle [keiθ 'winʃʌtl] 凯斯•温修德historical periodization [piəriədai'zeiʃən] 历史分期classificatory [.klæsifi'keitəri] adj. 类别的，分类上的retrospective [.retrəu'spektiv] adj. 事后回想的，回顾的the Gilded Age 镀金时代the Dark Age(s) 黑暗时代the First World War 第一次世界大战decimal ['desiməl] adj. 十进法的，以十为基础的talismanic [.tæliz'mænik] adj. 护符（般）的，有护符般效力的the Victorian [vik'tɔ:riən] Era 维多利亚时代the Napoleonic [nə.pəuli'ɔnik] Era 拿破仑时代the Meiji ['mei'dʒi:] Era 明治时代the Merovingian [.mærə'vindʒiən] Period 墨洛温王朝时期Romantic [rə'mæntik] period 浪漫主义时期the sexual ['seksjuəl] revolution 性革命conservative [kən'sə:vətiv] adj. 保守的Roman Catholic ['kæθəlik] culture 罗马天主教文化Franco ['frɔŋkəu] n. 弗朗哥primitive culture 原始文化Paul Tournal [pɔl turnal] 保罗·杜纳尔anté-historique['a:ŋtei 'istɔrik] n.（法语）史前的prehistoric ['pri:his'tɔrik] n. 史前的Daniel Wilson ['dænjəl 'wilsn] 丹尼尔·威尔逊prehistorian [pri:hi'stɔ:riən] n. 从事史前史研究的专家，史前史学家the Stone Age 石器时代the Bronze Age 青铜器时代the Iron Age 铁器时代excavation [.ekskə'veiʃən] n. 发掘geologic [dʒiə'lɔdʒik] adj. 地质学的geographic [dʒiə'græfik] adj. 地理学的literate ['litərit] adj. 识字的，有文化的geneticist [dʒi'netisist] n. 遗传学家linguist ['liŋgwist] n. 语言学家paleontology [.pæliɔn'tɔlədʒi] n. 古生物学biology [bai'ɔlədʒi] n. 生物学geology [dʒi'ɔlədʒi] n. 地质学archaeoastronomy [.ɑ:kiəuəs'trɔnəmi] n. 考古天文学linguistics [liŋ'gwistiks] n. 语言学molecular [mə'lekjulə] adj. 分子的genetics [dʒi'netiks] n. 遗传学archaeological [.a:kiə'lɔdʒikəl] adj. 考古的，考古学上的artifact ['ɑ:tifækt] n. 人工制品anonymous [ə'nɔniməs] adj. 无名无姓的，匿名的Neanderthal [ni'ændətɑ:l] n. 尼安德特人academic [.ækə'demik] adj. 学术上的，从事学术研究的New Guinea [nju: 'gini] n. 新几内亚Paleolithic [.pæliəu'liθik] n. 旧石器时代；adj. 旧石器时代的the Lower Paleolithic 旧石器时代早期Homo sapiens['həuməu 'seipienz] n. 智人（现代人的学名）Homo habilis['həuməu 'hæbilis] n. 能人species ['spi:ʃi:z] n. 种类，物种usher ['ʌʃə] vi. 引入，引导anatomic [.ænə'tɔmik] adj. 解剖学上的burial ['beriəl] n. 埋葬，葬礼，坟墓sophisticated [sə'fisti.keitid] adj. 复杂的，精密的，老练的highlight ['hailait] n. 精彩部分，闪光点the Middle Paleolithic 旧石器时代中期the Cro-Magnon ['krəʊ'mænjɔŋ] n. 克罗马尼翁人nomadic [nəu'mædik] adj. 游牧的，游牧民族的，流浪的hunter-gatherer n. 捕猎采集者egalitarian [i.gæli'tɛəriən] adj. 平等主义的sedentary ['sedən.təri] adj. 定居的，固定不动的chiefdom ['tʃi:fdəm] n. 首领的地位，首领的权威stratification [.strætifi'keiʃən] n. 分层indigenous [in'didʒinəs] adj. 土著的，土生土长的，本地的the Upper Paleolithic 旧石器时代晚期Mesolithic [.mesə'liθik] n. 中石器时代；adj. 中石器时代的the Middle Stone Age 中石器时代Neolithic [.ni:əu'liθik] n. 新石器时代；adj. 新石器时代的Pleistocene ['plaistəusi:n] n. 更新世；adj. 更新世的millennia [mi'leniə] (millenniums) n. 数千年marshland ['mɑ:ʃlænd] n. 沼泽地midden ['midn] n. 贝冢deforestation [.di:fɔris'teiʃən] n. 森林开发，滥发森林composite ['kɔmpəzit] adj. 合成的，复合的flint [flint] n. 极硬的东西，打火石microlith ['maikrəliθ] n. 细石器microburin [.maikrə'bjuərin] n. 小雕刻刀tackle ['tækəl] n. 用具，滑车adze, adz [ædz] n. 锛子canoe [kə'nu:] n. 独木舟bow [bəu] n. 弓the New Stone Age 新石器时代domestication [də.mesti'keiʃən] n. 驯养，驯化warfare ['wɔ:fɛə] n. 战争，战事Stonehenge['stəun'hendʒ] n. 巨石阵millennium [mi'leniəm] n. 一千年Sumerians [su:'miriəns] n. 苏美尔人Peru[pə'ru:] n. 秘鲁Mesoamerica[.mezəuə'merikə] n. 中美洲the Fertile Crescent ['kresənt] n. 新月沃地（西亚伊拉克两河流域连接叙利亚一带地中海东岸的一片弧形地区，为上古文明发源地之一）irrigation [.iri'geiʃən] n. 灌溉the Metal Age 金属时代Chalcolithic [.kælkə'liθik] n. 铜石并用时代；adj. 铜石并用时代的the Old World 旧大陆，东半球（尤指欧洲）metallurgy [me'tælədʒi] n. 冶金术，冶金学metalworking ['metəl.wə:kiŋ] n. 金属加工tin [tin] n. 锡outcropping ['autkrɔpiŋ] n. 露出，露出地表arsenic ['ɑ:sənik] n. 砷，砒霜ferrous ['ferəs] adj. 含铁的cradle ['kreidəl] n. 摇篮，发源地valley ['væli] n. 流域Euphrates[ju:'freiti:z] n. 幼发拉底河Tigris['taigris] n. 底格里斯河Mesopotamia [.mesəpə'teimiə] n. 两河流域Nile[nail] n. 尼罗河Indus ['indəs] n. 印度河subcontinent [sʌb'kɔntinənt] n. 次大陆