食物的起源英文

History of bread Bread is one of the oldest prepared foods.Evidence from 30,000 years ago in Europe revealed starch residue on rocks used for pounding plants.It is possible that during this time,starch extract from the roots of plants,such as cattails and ferns,was spread on a flat rock,placed over a fire and cooked into a primitive form of flatbread.Around 10,000 BC,with the dawn of the Neolithic age and the spread of agriculture,grains became the mainstay of making bread.Yeast spores are ubiquitous,including the surface of cereal grains,so any dough left to rest will become naturally leavened.There were multiple sources of leavening available for early bread.Airborne yeasts could be harnessed by leaving uncooked dough exposed to air for some time before cooking.Pliny the Elder reported that the Gauls and Iberians used the foam skimmed from beer to produce "a lighter kind of bread than other peoples." Parts of the ancient world that drank wine instead of beer used a paste composed of grape juice and flour that was allowed to begin fermenting,or wheat bran steeped in wine,as a source for yeast.The most common source of leavening was to retain a piece of dough from the previous day to use as a form of sourdough starter. A major advance happened in 1961 with the development of the Chorleywood bread process,which used the intense mechanical working of dough to dramatically reduce the fermentation period and the time taken to produce a loaf.The process,whose high-energy mixing allows for the use of lower protein grain,is now widely used around the world in large factories. Recently,domestic bread machines which automate the process of making bread have become popular. 面包的由来 面包是一种最古老的食物.在欧洲,从30000年前的证据表明淀粉渣用于冲击岩石上的植物.这是可能的,在这个过程中,从植物的根中提取的淀粉,如蕨类植物,铺在一块平坦的岩石,放在火上煮成一个原始的面包.公元前10000年左右,与新石器时代和农业推广的黎明,晶粒变做面包的支柱.酵母孢子是无处不在的,包括颗粒表面的谷物,所以任何面团离开其余部分将成为自然发酵.有早期的发酵面包可供源.空气中的酵母可以把生面团暴露在空气中一段时间之前,烹饪的利用.老普林尼报道,高卢人和伊比利亚用于生产啤酒的泡沫撇去“比别人更轻的面包类.”部分的古代世界,喝葡萄酒而不是啤酒用由葡萄汁和面粉被允许开始发酵酱,或麦麸沉浸在酒,作为一个源为酵母.发酵的最常见的来源是保留一块面团的前一天的使用作为一种形式的发酵剂. 一个主要的进步发生在1961的Chorleywood面包工艺的发展,的面团用激烈的机械加工,大大降低了发酵周期,采取生产面包的时候.其高能量的混合使劣质粮食的使用,是目前广泛使用在世界各地的大型工厂. 最近,国内面包机自动做面包的过程已成为流行的.

Chinese Dumpling Chinese Dumpling Chinese dumplings or Jiaozi, with meat and vegetable fillings, is a traditional Chinese Food, which is essential during holidays in Northern China. Chinese are Masters in the Art of Making Dumplings. HistoryThe history of jiaozi dates back to ancient times, some 500-600 years ago. As the Spring Festival marks the start of a new year, people choose to eat jiaozi to connote their wishes for good fortune in the new year. China has been perfecting the art of dumpling making since the Sung dynasty.FillingsThere is no set rule as to what makes dumping fillings. They can be anything from vegetables, meat to seafood. Whatever the fillings, the wrapping skill needs to be exquisite to make jiaozi look attractive.Shape and varietyChinese dumplings may be round or crescent-shaped, boiled or pan-fried. The filling may be sweet or savory; vegetarian or filled with meat and vegetables. Of course, all this variety can be confusing. As China is a country with a vast territory, there are great difference in various regions in ways of making jiaozi or even serving it. For example, dumplings wrappers are made with a rolling stick in most areas of Beijing and Hebei Provinces, whereas in some parts of Shanxi Province and inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, wrappers are hand- pressed.How to make Chinese dumplings?To make Chinese dumplings, first of all, chop the meat into pieces and mash them, then add salt, sesame oil, soy sauce, ginger, scallions, Chinese cabbage and MSG if you like. Mix thoroughly the ingredients; add two spoonful of water if necessary.In a big bowl, add water to flour gradually. Mix and knead by hand to form soft dough, then cover it with towel and put it aside for about an hour. Then scatter some dry flour on the board, knead and roll it into a sausage---like dough about 5 centimeters in diameter, then chop it into small pieces. Press each piece with your hand and get a pancake. Finally, to hold the pancake with your palm and put the filling in the center and wrap into half-moon shaped and seal the edges.The next step is easy. Put the dumpling into boiling water, when it is well cooked, it is ready to be served. Before eating, you need to prepare some small dishes to contain the mixture of soy sauce, vinegar, and sesame oil or pepper oil [to your own taste.Ways of servingWays of serving Chinese dumplings also vary from place to place. Generally, Chinese dumplings are boiled in clear water and served dry with vinegar, soy sauce, garlic or pepper oil if one likes them hot. In some parts of the Northeast China, however, dumplings are boiled in broth together with vermicelli made from bean starch, and served together. Chinese dumplings and cultureNew Year's Food Chinese dumpling is one of the most important foods in Chinese New Year. Since the shape of Chinese dumplings is similar to ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots, they symbolize wealth. Traditionally, the members of a family get together to make dumplings during the New Year's Eve. They may hide some coins in one of the dumplings. The person who fined the coin will likely have a good fortune in the New Year. Chinese dumpling is also popular in other Chinese holidays or festivals, so it is part of the Chinese culture or tradition. Family Link Making dumplings is really a team work. Usually family members will join the work. Most ChineseTo starte to make dumplings when they was a kid in family, they know how to make dumplings.Especially good at making dumplings, particularly making skins, which is the hardest part of making dumplings. Sending Off Friends Chinese dumpling is often the food for sending off friends or family members away. I guess this is another tradition

美食的由来The origin of food美食的由来The origin of food

Dumplings originate from ancient corners. Dumpling, originally known as Jiaoer, was first invented by Zhang Zhongjing, a doctor of Nanyang people in China.

It has a history of more than 1,800 years. Dumplings, also known as dumplings, are the staple food and local snacks of the Chinese people.

They are also the food of the New Year's Day. There is a folk song called "Big Cold Little Cold, eat dumplings for the New Year." Dumplings are usually boiled with dough wrapped stuffing.

饺子源于古代的角子。饺子原名“娇耳”，是我国南阳人医圣张仲景首先发明的，距今已有一千八百多年的历史了。是深受中国人民喜爱的传统特色食品，又称水饺，是中国民间的主食和地方小吃，也是年节食品。有一句民谣叫“大寒小寒，吃饺子过年。”饺子多用面皮包馅水煮而成。

扩展资料：

一、起源

饺子由馄饨演变而来。在其漫长的发展过程中，名目繁多，古时有“牢丸”“扁食”“饺饵”“粉角”等名称。三国时期称作“月牙馄饨”，南北朝时期称“馄饨”，唐代称饺子为“偃月形馄饨”，宋代称为“角子”，明朝元代称为“扁食”。

清朝则称为“饺子”。饺子起源于东汉时期，为东汉河南南阳人“医圣”张仲景首创。当时饺子是药用，张仲景用面皮包上一些祛寒的药材用来治病(羊肉、胡椒等)，避免病人耳朵上生冻疮。

饺子起源于东汉时期，为医圣张仲景首创。饺子多以冷水和面粉为剂，将面和水和在一起，揉成大的粗面团，盖上拯干的湿纱布或毛巾，放置(饧)一小时左右，刀切或手摘成若干个小面团，先后揉搓成直径约3公分左右的圆长条。

刀切或手摘成一个个小面剂子，将这些小面剂子用小擀面杖擀成中间略厚周边较薄的饺子皮，包裹馅心，捏成月牙形或角形，先将冷水烧开，包成后下锅并用漏勺或者汤勺(反过来凸面朝上)顺着锅沿逆时针或顺时针划圆弧状以防饺子粘连。

煮至饺子浮上水面即可(如为肉馅可在沸腾时添少许冷水再烧，反复两三次)。饺皮也可用烫面、油酥面或米粉制作；馅心可荤可素、可甜可咸；成熟方法也可用蒸、烙、煎、炸等、荤馅有三鲜、虾仁、蟹黄、海参、鱼肉、鸡肉、猪肉、牛肉、羊肉等。

素馅双分为什锦素馅、普通素馅之类。 饺子的特点是皮薄馅嫩，味道鲜美，形状独特，百食不厌。饺子的制作原料营养素种类齐全，蒸煮法保证营养较少流失，并且符合中国色香味饮食文化的内涵。

饺子是一种历史悠久的民间吃食，深受老百姓的欢迎，民间有“好吃不过饺子”的俗语。每逢新春佳节，饺子更成为一种应时不可缺少的佳肴。

二、冬至吃饺子由来

每年农历冬至这天，不论贫富，饺子是必不可少的节日饭。谚云：“十月一，冬至到，家家户户吃水饺。”这种习俗，是因纪念“医圣”张仲景冬至舍药留下的。

张仲景是南阳稂东人，他著《伤寒杂病论》，集医家之大成，祛寒娇耳汤被历代医者奉为经典。张仲景有名言：“进则救世，退则救民；不能为良相，亦当为良医。”

东汉时他曾任长沙太守，访病施药，大堂行医。后毅然辞官回乡，为乡邻治病．其返乡之时，正是冬季。他看到白河两岸乡亲面黄肌瘦，饥寒交迫，不少人的耳朵都冻烂了。便让其弟子在南阳东关搭起医棚，支起大锅，在冬至那天舍药医治冻疮。

他把羊肉和一些驱寒药材放在锅里熬煮，然后将羊肉、药物捞出来切碎，用面包成耳朵样的“娇耳”，煮熟后，分给来求药的人每人两只“娇耳”，一大碗肉汤。

人们吃了“娇耳”，喝了“祛寒汤”，浑身暖和，两耳发热，冻伤的耳朵都治好了。后人学着“娇耳”的样子，包成食物，也叫“饺子”或“扁食”。

冬至吃饺子，是不忘“医圣”张仲景“祛寒娇耳汤”之恩。至今南阳仍有“冬至不端饺子碗，冻掉耳朵没人管”的民谣。

参考资料来源：百度百科-饺子