Miss乔大小姐
概括写作的步骤:1. 确定主题句。确定阅读文章的主题句,一般在段首。没有主题句的需要自己组合。2. 寻找关键词。分析主题句意义,确定关键词,关键词一般体现为名词、形容词,关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。3. 重构主题句。概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。可以从作者的写作目的逆推,反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的,它基本决定了概括的质量。4. 重组支撑句。支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句,可以是补充过程或者提供证据。口诀:简括为:缩长见短,省却细腻。(括:概括性。见:间接引语。短:短的连词。细腻:细节和例子) 概括的形式:“主题句+支撑句”即“主题+主题的什么”。文体 主题句 支撑句议论文 文章论点(一句) 文章论据(两三句)记叙文 故事的写作目的/ 主题(一句) 故事大意(两三句)说明文 说明的对象/ 观点/ 现象解释/ 分述精锐松江
吃货肥仔喵
首先Summary的写作应该分为以下6步:①分段阅读首先,我们需要对整篇文章浏览一次,根据文中的标题、副标题等分段阅读。②重读主动阅读文章,并把主题句、关键句以及对写作summary有用的信息标记出来。③概括在明确了每个分段的中心思想之后,用一句话概括出来。注意:句中只需要关键点,不需要进行细节性的描述。④主旨主旨句是一篇摘要的关键点,读者可从中获知整篇文章所要表达的内容。因此,一定要写好主旨句。⑤写summary在写summary的时候一定要注意:在summary中需要写原作者和作品的名称,且要用现在时去写作,尽量避免使用原文内容。除此之外,摘要的写作目的在于准确表达作者的观点,所以一定不可以添加自己的观点在里边。⑥检查并修改在summary完成之后需要检查我们是否准确的将作者的观点表达出来了,如果没有问题的话,也还是需要从个事、语法以及标点等方面进行一次检查。下边BayDue给大家分享一篇summary写作范文:Why do some animals die out?In the past two hundred years people have caused many kinds of animals to die out--to become extinct.People keep building houses and factories in fields and woods.As they spread over the land,they destroy animals'homes.If the animals can't find a place to live,they die out.Sixteen kinds of Hawaiian birds have become extinct for this reason.Other animals,such as the Florida Key deer,may soon die out because they are losing their homes.Hunters have caused some animals to become extinct,too.In the last century,hunters killed all the passenger pigeons in North America and most of the buffalos.Today they are fast killing off hawks and wolves.Pollution is killing many animals today,too.As rivers become polluted,fish are poisoned.Many die.Birds that eat the poisoned fish can't lay strong,healthy eggs.New birds aren’t born.So far,no animals have become extinct because of pollution.But some,such as the bald eagle and the brown pelican,have become rare and may die out.Scientists think that some animals become extinct because of changes in climate.The places where they live become hotter or cooler,drier or wetter.The food that they eat cannot grow there any more.If the animals can't learn to eat something else,they die.Dinosaurs may have died out for this reason.Summary:In the past two hundred years,many kinds of animals have died out.There are several reasons for it.First,people keep building houses and factories in fields and woods,which destroys animals'homes.Then,hunters'killing has also caused some animals to become extinct.Besides,some animals aren't able to bear strong offspring and nor do they have enough food to eat because of pollution and climatic changes.
winonafirst1
摘要是一个简短、语义连贯的文本,浓缩了原始文档的基本内容。其目的是在不作主观评价和解释的情况下,迅速把握原文的主旨。摘要写作是一种受控的写作形式,它使学生利用原文的结构和语言的力量,写出内容相同、结构相似、语言简洁的短文。此外,它有助于培养学生掌握文章要点的能力,有助于他们在应用文写作中避免全面、详细、逐条列举的不良倾向。这种写作不仅要准确理解原文,而且要综合原文。因此,用英语写摘要是学生学习英语写作的一种实用方法。
鸭梨山大痕
summary英 ['sʌm(ə)rɪ] 美 ['sʌməri] adj. 简易的;扼要的n. 概要,摘要,总结Summary executions of African men in groups of 60 to 70 have been documented. Auerbach has written an accessible summary of the literature on the incidence of the tax. If someone in business returns from a conference, you are likely to see a video summary. In summary, there is strong evidence that investors ignore selection biases in fund performance advertisements. Thank you Media Matters, for an efficient summary of the terms of the energy debate. For more on the topic, New Scientist offers this clever summary in video. It is impossible to give a brief summary of what has happened in the eastern Congo? The summary of responses to the consultation has been published on the department's website.Below I provide some quotes from her appearance, along with a summary of the law. Summary Opinion 2012-100, (October 16, 2012), sometimes all the Service needs is the smell test. As Nagasaki shows, the Japanese have learned to exact summary justice at the ballot-box. The SCMP's wire summary said the proposed law is a watered-down version of the original. Download the full report, the Executive Summary or browse the report by chapter. Tonight we will be sending you a summary that you may share with your clients. The rougher and more summary his work, the greater its appeal to the cultivated. Click here for copies of a six-page summary of this important Center Roundtable Discussion. It's compiled by the online magazine, Slate, and here is Mark Jordan Legan with SummaryJudgment. In summary, we have a gap up this morning after a sharp 7 day decline. The NHS is working towards compiling an Emergency Care Summary for every person in Scotland. If you lose your summary plan description, you may have a difficult time getting another copy.
一只自由鱼儿
一般来说,报刊的开头一段会告诉你这文章在讲什么,然后你把这一段讲的东西用自己的话变换着说说就比较了。如果首段没给文章主要内容,就要自己去每段概括,然后总结,一般来说要有who,when,where,ho,why,当然不是说所有要素都要包括,要根据文章的侧重而有所变换
品嵊红木
我觉得吧,大概可以按照这么个步骤来写:第一步:文献阅读A.针对论文选题和研究方向进行文献检索,针对整理后的有效资料进行认真阅读,尤其是和论文内容相关的部分,要重复理解。阅读次数直接关系到你对文献的理解程度。B.必要时可以在正式写作summary前制定一个标题,有利于尽快确认文章的中心思想或整体写作思路。标题可以是简短的句子或者词组,对论文主题进行概括,或者直接引用文章中的主题句。C.确认题目后就可以对参考资料进行筛选整理,按照相关性对资料进行主次区分,对于文献中的重要部分进行提取概括。D.文献检索过程中需要对有效资料进行简单记录汇总,尤其是参考文献的主要观点对summary能起到概括作用的重要内容。第二步:着手写作A. 一般而言summary的字数占全文的20%-30%,所以在确认具体字数以前要了解论文的字数要求。要留意summary的实际字数绝对不能超过这个比例。B. summary的内容应该是作者在进行文献阅读后再通过自己的话进行写作,而不是直接引用参考资料中的句子。C. 在summary写作逻辑上应该符合论文的逻辑顺序,内容需要围绕论文整体的研究问题,不能出现论文研究问题以外的新问题的提出。D. 要体现summary在文章中的作用,就是全面清晰地体现论文所呈现出来的相关信息,以便读者在开始论文全文或者相关参考文献的阅读之前就能完全理解作者想表达的观点。E. 在正式写作summary时可以参考以下相关技巧:1) 摒弃细节问题。只保留论文主要观点。2) 涉及到实证或案例相关内容需要进行精简,只保留一至两个具有代表的性问题进行陈述。3) 尽量使用简短的具体进行描述,对于参考资料中的相关解释过于复杂和冗长的可以进行精炼。控制在两句话之内说明即可。4) 避免重复句出现,这种情况在论文或参考资料中会经常出现,主要是为了强调某个观点或主题,但是在summary中是不可以使用的。第三步:整理修改和调整论文完成初稿候要对它进行修改和调整。首先要确保summary内容中提到的观点是否与全文相一致,并且对参考资料中所提及的相关重要内容都概括了。其次,summary中如出现了过多无意义的内容,包括词语短语等,要删除或者用其他更精炼的内容进行替换。保证语言简短,第三,也就是最基本的要求,要对summary文字内容的拼写和语法,包括标点符号的进行检查。通过以上步骤和方法,一篇summary也就此完成了。 summary写作是在英国留学生论文中是很常见的形式,主要是通过阅读参考文献,吸收相关资料在写作结构与语言方面的特征,结合作者论文的相关研究问题和观点,形成的一篇内容和结构相一致,并且语言简洁的短文。另外,英国大学教育除了专业知识的传授外,还会对学生的综合学历能力进行培养,这其中就包括阅读和整理参考文献,对研究问题的重点掌握的能力。学生根据某研究问题,通过大量的参考资料进行阅读和总结概括有利于提高学生的学习研究能力的。