高山高原英语

青藏高原用英文说法为：Qinghai-Tibet Plateau；又称为Tibetan Plateau、the tibetan plateau 。

青藏高原汉语拼音为：Qīnɡ zànɡ ɡāo yuán。中文释义为：位于中国西南部。包括西藏自治区、青海省、四川省西部、甘肃省西南部和云南省的西北部。

平均海拔4000米以上，面积约220万平方千米，是世界最高的大高原，有“世界屋脊”之称。高峰终年积雪，低得多湖泊。东亚、南亚的大河多发源于此。

青藏高原有确切证据的地质历史可以追溯到距今4-5亿年前的奥陶纪，其后青藏地区各部分曾有过不同资料的地壳升降，或为海水淹没，或为陆地。

到2.8亿年前（地质年代的早二叠世），今青藏高原是波涛汹涌的辽阔海洋。这片海域横贯现在欧亚大陆的南部地区，

与北非、南欧、西亚和东南亚的海域沟通，称为“特提斯海”、或“古地中海”，当时特提斯海地区的气候温暖，成为海洋动、植物发育繁盛的地域。

高原反应Altitude stress

英文表达是“altitude sickness”

altitude stress英 [ˈæltitju:d stres] 美 [ˈæltɪˌtud strɛs] 高山反应，高原反应

Qingzang Gaoyuan) is a vast, elevated plateau in Central Asia[1][2][3][4] covering most of the Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province in China and Ladakh in Kashmir, India. It occupies an area of around 1,000 by 2,500 kilometers, and has an average elevation of over 4,500 meters. Sometimes called "the roof of the world," it is the highest and biggest plateau, with an area of 2.5 million square kilometers (about four times the size of Texas or France).[5]The plateau is bordered to the northwest by the Kunlun Range which separates it from the Tarim Basin, and to the northeast by the Qilian Range which separates the plateau from the Hexi Corridor and Gobi Desert. Near the south the plateau is transected by the Yarlung Tsangpo River valley which flows along the base of the Himalayas, and by the vast Indo-Gangetic Plain. To the east and southeast the plateau gives way to the forested gorge and ridge geography of the mountainous headwaters of the Salween, Mekong, and Yangtze rivers in western Sichuan and southwest Qinghai. In the west it is embraced by the curve of the rugged Karakoram range of northern Kashmir.It has been empirically shown to be the most remote place on Earth.[7]The Tibetan plateau has been an important strategic area throughout Chinese history. NASA satellite image of the southern area of Tibetan PlateauThe plateau is a high-altitude arid steppe interspersed with mountain ranges and large brackish lakes. Annual precipitation ranges from 100 mm to 300 mm and falls mainly as hailstorms. The southern and eastern edges of the steppe have grasslands which can sustainably support populations of nomadic herdsmen, although frost occurs for six months of the year. Permafrost occurs over extensive parts of the plateau. Proceeding to the north and northwest, the plateau becomes progressively higher, colder and drier, until reaching the remote Changthang region in the northwestern part of the plateau. Here the average altitude exceeds 5,000 meters (16,500 feet) and year-round temperatures average −4 °C, dipping to −40 °C in winter. As a result of this extremely inhospitable environment, the Changthang region (together with the adjoining Kekexili region) is the least populated region in Asia, and the third least populated area in the world after Antarctica and northern Greenland.2青藏高原 青藏高原位于中国西南部，面积约230万平方千米，平均海拔4,000米以上，被称为“世界屋脊”，是中国的第一大高原。 青藏高原是典型的山地型高原。主要有阿尔金山、祁连山、昆仑山、喀喇昆仑山、唐古拉山、冈底斯山、念青唐古拉山、横断山脉以及喜马拉雅山等高大山脉。世界最高峰——珠穆朗玛峰就是喜马拉雅山的主峰。 青藏高原气温低，雪山连绵，形成了大面积的高山冰川，被称为“固体水库”。冰雪融水不仅是亚洲许多著名大河的源流，也是中国内陆干旱地区重要的灌溉水源。 青藏高原是中国重要的天然牧场，高原上的草并不高，但因光照充足，光合作用旺盛，营养价值极高。每年夏秋季节，草原上牛羊成群，除了放牧的牦牛、藏山羊、藏绵羊和牛外，还有成群的黄羊、羚羊、野牛、野驴等野生动物。 The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Located in the southwest of China, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has an area of about 2.3 million km2 and an average altitude of over 4,000 m. It is honored as the "roof of the world" and is the biggest plateau in China. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a typical mountainous plateau. It mainly comprises Altyn Tagh Mountains, Qilian Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Karakorum Mountains, Tanggula Mountains, Gandise Mountains, Nyaindqentanglha Mountains, Hengduan Mountains and the Himalayas. Qomolangma (Mt. Everest) - the highest mountain in the world - is the main peak of the Himalayas. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has low temperature, undulating snow-capped mountains and a large area of glaciers, so it is called a "solid water reservoir". The melted ice and snow is not only the source of many famous rivers in Asia, but also the irrigating source of the inland dry areas in China. The plateau is an important natural pasture in China. The grasses growing there is not tall, but because of the rich sunshine and active photosynthesis, they are very nutritious. Every summer and fall, herds of cows and sheep graze there. Apart from grazing yaks, Tibetan goats, Tibetan sheep and pian niu (offspring of a bull and a female yak), there are herds of Mongolian gazelle, antelopes, wild ox, Asiatic wild ass, and many other wild animals.