文燕大侠
常用的一些招投标英语词汇 估算/费用估算：estimate/cost estimate; 估算类型：types of estimate; 详细估算：是偏差幅度最小的估算，defined estimate; 设备估算：equipment estimate; 分析估算：analysis estimate; 报价估算:proposal estimate; 控制估算：control estimate; 初期控制估算：interim control estimate/initial control estimate 批准的控制估算：initial approved cost 核定估算：check estimate 首次核定估算：first check estimate 二次核定估算：production check estimate 人工时估算：man hour estimate 材料费用/直接材料费用：material cost/direct material cost 设备费用/设备购买费用：equipment cost/purchased cost of equipment 散装材料费用/散装材料购买费用：bulk material cost/purchased cost of bulk material 施工费用：construction cost 施工人工费用：labor cost/construction force cost 设备安装人工费用：labor cost associated with equipment 散装材料施工安装人工费用：labor cost associated with bulk materials 人工时估算定额：standard manhours 施工人工时估算定额：standard labor manhours 标准工时定额：standard hours 劳动生产率：labor productivity/productivity factor/productivity ratio 修正的人工时估算值：adjusted manhours 人工时单价：manhours rate 施工监督费用：cost of construction supervision 施工间接费用：cost of contruction indirects 分包合同费用/现场施工分包合同费用：subcontract cost/field subcontract cost 公司本部费用：home office cost 公司管理费用：overhead 非工资费用：non payroll 开车服务费用：cost of start-up services 其他费用：other cost 利润/预期利润：profit/expected profit 服务酬金：service gains 风险：risk 风险分析：risk analysis 风险备忘录：risk memorandum 未可预见费：contingency 基本未可预见费：average contingency 最大风险未可预见费：maximum risk contingency 用户变更/合同变更：cilent change/contract change 认可的用户变更：approved client change 待定的用户变更：pending client change 项目变更：project change 内部变更：internalchange 批准的变更：authoried change 强制性变更：mandatory change 选择性变更：optional change 内部费用转换：internal transfer 认可的预计费用：anticipated approved cost 涨价值：escalation 项目费用汇总报告：project cost summary report 项目实施费用状态报告：project operation cost status report 总价合同：lump sum contract 偿付合同：reimbursible contract 预算：budget property 物业，资产 interest 产权 subsidiary 附属机构，子公司 valuation 评估 open market value 公开市场价值 leaseback 售后回租（即租回已出售的财产） on a residual basis 剩余法 capital value 资本价值 cost of development 开发费（指拆迁费，七通一平费等） professional fee 专业人员费（指勘察设计费等） finance costs 融资成本（指利息等） sale proceeds 销售收益 on the basis of capitalisation 资本还原法 floor area 建筑面积 title document 契约文书 plaza 购物中心 land use certificate 土地使用证 commercial/residential complex 商住综合楼 land use fee 土地使用费（获得土地使用权后，每年支付国家的使用土地费用） Grant Contract of Land Use Right 土地使用权出让合同 plot ratio 容积率 site coverage 建筑密度 land use term 土地使用期 project approval 项目许可 planning approval 规划许可 commission 佣金 permit 许可证 business license 营业执照 strata-title 分层所有权 public utilities 公共设施 urban planning 城市规划 state-owned land 国有土地 fiscal allotment 财政拨款 grant or transfer 出让或转让 the Municipal Land Administration Bureau 市土地管理局 infrastructure 基础设施 financial budget 财政预算 public bidding 公开招标 auction 拍卖 negotiation /agreement协议 land efficiency 土地效益 location classification 地段等级 projecting parameter 规划参数 government assignment 政府划拨 administrative institution 行政事业单位 key zones for development 重点开发区 tract 大片土地 biding document 标书 prerequisitioned land 预征土地 competent authorities 主管部门 construction project 建设项目 planning permit of construction engineering 建设工程规划许可证 go through the formalities 办手续 comprehensive sub-areas 综合分区 reconstruction of old area 旧区改造 purchasing power 购买力 property trust 物业信托 equity 权益 cash flows 现金流量 appreciation 增值 disposition 处置 hedge 保值措施 income tax shelter 收入税的庇护 downturn （经济）衰退 wealth maximisation 最大限度的增加财产(同其他投资相比) forecast 预测 rules-of-thumb techniques 经验法 mortgage lender 抵押放贷者 vacancy 空房 discounted cash flow models 折现值现金流量模型 expectation 期望值 letting 出租 equity reversion 权益回收 bad debts 坏帐 depreciation allowances 折旧费 supplies 日常用品 utilities 公共事业设备 allowances for repairs and maintenance 维修费 unpaid mortgage balance 抵押贷款欠额 stamp duty印花税 recession 衰退 overproduction 生产过剩 glut 供过于求 high-technology 高科技 investment strategy投资策略 circulation 发行量 entrepreneur 倡导者，企业家 coliseum 大体育场，大剧院 chambers （商业资本家联合组织的）会所 arena 室内运动场 socioeconomic status 社会经济地位 amenities 便利设施 condominium 个人占有公寓房，一套公寓房的个人所有权 income bracket 收入档次 tenement 分租合住的经济公寓 area code （电话）地区代码 community 社区 assessment 估价 downzone 降低区划规模 按揭贷款 mortgage loan 按揭购房 to buy a house on mortgage; to mortgage a house 房屋空置率 housing vacancy rate 安居工程 Comfortable Housing Project 板楼，板式楼 slab-type apartment building 搬迁户 a relocated unit or household 财产税 property tax;estate(or capital) duty 拆迁补偿费 compensation for demolition 拆迁费用 removal expense 城镇住房公积金 urban housing provident fund 低价住房 low-cost housing 二手房 second-hand house 房产估价师 realestate evaluator 房产证 property ownership certificate 房屋置换 buy or exchange houses 炒房者realestate speculator 房改 housing system reform 房管 realestate management 房权证 property right certificate 房产市场 realestate market 房屋空置率 housing vacancy rate 福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system 个人购房贷款 individual housing loan 公房商品化 commercialization of public housing 集资房 houses built with funds collected by the buyers 居民住房建设 residential construction 人均住房per-capital housing 现房 complete dapartment (or flat) 期房 forward delivery housing 商品房 commercial residential building 商品房空置 the vacancy problem in commercial housing 政策性住房 policy-related house, policy-based house 住房补贴 rental allowance; housing allowance 住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation housing residences住宅 巫山县教育局，巫山县投促局，巫山县环保局，巫山县工商局、税务局等等WUSHAN education bureauWUSHAN Environmental Protection bureauWUSHAN industrial and commercial bureau tax bureau 土木工程的常用英语词汇----( 字数太多,自己点击看看吧)
iamYolandaXYZ
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I. Introduction My project is to do the apparel industry, men and women clothing casual restaurant. Due to limited funding only 2 million, our target customers are fashion students personality, so simple and casual fashion apparel mainly oriented style. Select clothing store are the advantages of the apparel industry is more mature, now near the school have not a similar clothing store, and the needs of the project costs are lower, easy access is also easy to start. And his interest in clothes but also, it is the combination of interest and cause. Second, the store's location and the customer groups of reasons 1, the store's location: the choice of location is good or bad the future impact of the operation of a large store, so be sure to find a good store business district location. After investigation, I found the school gate at 30 square meters near a store ready to transfer, things here at the intersection of campus, convenient transportation, the market is no problem. And here we still have to continue to develop and broad prospects. Finally, I choose to shop out of school population in the West Campus, where about ten meters, only to suffer stores have a bus stop in front of a big road, usually have traffic day and night. And next door there are several colleges and universities, if the publicity well, the flow of people can be imagined. Our position is in the low block, in line with market demand. 2, the client group analysis: The main customer groups are teachers and students. After investigation, we found near the school did not have clothes shop, the spending power of students is not suitable for the middle and low sales of luxury goods. Our position is in the low block, in line with market demand. Third, the store's decor Rent a good store, the following should be renovated. Decor related to a shop management style, and appearance of first impression, the overall image of the store, lighting and product displays will also directly affect sales! People rely on clothing makeup, the Buddha to gold, selling clothes also need packaging! Even the best clothes on the flea market to sell goods is spread Moreover, our customer base is a fashion student personality! Decor related to a shop management style, and appearance of the first impression. When doing interior design, you need according to the current clothing trends to determine the overall style, not the effect of design, so customers can see, the feeling is out of date, but tend to be closely linked to warm and simple elegant style of the main , so the store must make an effort on the decor, giving a strong visual impact and appeal of a fresh feeling. Fourth, the goods and the purchase channel selection First, the selection and purchase of goods Brand-name mainly dominated by foreign goods. First, choose the goods: First of all, the first purchase to personally go to Guangzhou and wholesalers related issues on a good fight for minimum cost, for more supply. Second, the market aimed at Guangzhou, the major bulk sale, choose quality. Guangzhou shopping network aimed at once again, directly linked to our online, buy low and sell high. Second, purchase channels: direct mail back to the North Sea, Guangzhou, purchase must be on a good logistics companies, to establish good relations of cooperation, strive for the lowest cost. (Purchase as long as: Guangzhou District Thirteen Road, Kam Tung and the vast majority, Shahe, Station West) Fifth, manpower planning The early start to reduce costs, exercise their abilities. Plan early opening is not prepared to hire temporary staff, which I and my partner has overall responsibility for (their own business should be cumulative points), the profitability of investment dividends after the method used. Sixth, the amount of investment and profit forecasts First, the amount of investment analysis 1, Rent: 2000 yuan / month. 2, the renovation costs 4,000 yuan. 3, the store model, racks, etc. 600. 4, other costs 500 yuan (leaflets, advertising, travel and logistics costs 5, utilities 400 yuan / month 6, the liquidity of more than 8500 Second, the profit forecast: Monthly high-priced pieces of clothing to take 30-50, 30-80 to take the low-priced items; a total of 50 boys and girls backpack; girls shoes, 50 pairs; (the first purchase to "getting goods less, earn more money," the main 给分啊！
一知蓝色
1、PBR：股价净值比(PBR)英文全称 Price-Book Ratio(P/B、PBR） 一家公司某一时点股价相对于最近季底每股净值的比值，通常以倍数(multiple)显示，当股价高于每股净值时，比值大于1，当股价低於每股净值时，比值小于1。计算公式： 每股市价／每股净值2、PB（平均市净率）平均市净率=股价/账面价值。其中，账面价值=总资产-无形资产-负债-优先股权益。可以看出，所谓账面价值是公司解散清算的价值。如果公司要清算，那么先要还债，无形资产则将不复存在，而优先股的优先权之一就是清算的时候先分钱，但是本股市没有优先股。这样，用每股净资产来代替账面价值，则PB就是大家理解的市净率，即：PB（市净率）=股价/每股净资。3、PE英文全称Price EarningPE的算法简单，我们只需要把一只股票的股价除以它的每股净利就可得到它的本益比PE。PE ＝ PRICE / EARNING PER SHAREPE称为“利润收益率”。是某种股票普通股每股市价与每股盈利的比率。所以它也称为股价收益比率或市价盈利比率(市盈率）4、PER英文全称Price Earning Ratio，中文译为本益比。 PER的算法就是：本益比（PE）=普通股每股市场价格/普通股每股每年盈利上述公式中的分子是指当前的每股市价，分母可用最近一年盈利，也可用未来一年或几年的预测盈利。这个比率是估计普通股价值的最基本、最重要的指标之一。比如某股票某日市价为150元，每股纯利为15元，本益比为10，则表示该日购买股票的本金为股票盈利的10倍。这个比率是估计普通股价值的最基本最重要的指标之一。一般认为该比率保持在10－20之间是正常的。过小说明股价低，风险小，值得购买；过大则说明股价高，风险大，购买时应谨慎，或应同时持有的该种股票。但从股市实际情况来看，PER大的股票往往是热门股，PER小的股票可能是冷门股，购入也未必一定有利。
