你跑这么慢
by是英语里面的一个介词,有很多固定的词组中,有固定的用法,多用于被动语态,表示“被”的意思,在固定用法中则不能这么翻译了,比如说by bus,by bike,则指使用哪种交通工具,可以看看牛津词典,用法很多的,不同的用法,词义也不一样的

沁水冰心
by为介词 意思为通过 介词后可接动名词可接名词
举出下面例子:
1、I study English by watch English movies.
译文:我从英文视频中学习英语。
2、I go to scholl by bus.
译文:我坐巴士去学校。
3、a house by the river
译文:河边的一所房子
4、Make the sauce by boiling the cream and stock together in a pan.
译文:把奶油和高汤一起放在平底锅里熬煮来制作调味料。
扩展资料:
by的基本解释:
1、被,由
The homework was assigned by the teacher. 译文:这些家庭作业是由老师布置的。
2、靠,用,通过
They crossed the river by ferry. 译文:他们乘船渡过了河。
3、经由;沿
Ellen flew to Chicago by way of Minneapolis. 译文:艾伦经由明尼阿波利斯飞往芝加哥。
4、在……旁边,靠近;在……手边
I haven't got any money by me. 译文:我身边没有带钱。
5、不迟于;在……之前
We had to get there by evening. 译文:我们必须在夜晚前抵达那里。
6、根据,按照
How do you know he didn't act by the rules? 译文:你怎么知道他没有按规定行事?
7、(表程度)相差
He missed the bus by three minutes. 译文:他晚了三分钟没赶上那班公车。
8、 凭,对……(发誓)
I swear by God! 译文:我对上帝发誓!
9、(乘除法上)以……,用……(乘或除)
Nine divided by three makes three. 译文:九除以三得三。
10、以……计,按
You'll be paid by the hour. 译文:你的工资将按时计酬。
参考资料来源:百度百科-by
灬筱筱筱灬
by为介词嘛 意为通过 介词后可接动名词可接名词 I study English by watch English movies. I go to scholl by bus. 另外你可以去买本语法书看一下关于介词的 用法好多的
莎拉波哇
by1 [bai] prep.1. [表示空间关系]靠近,在…附近,在…旁边:to stand by the wall站在墙边a house by a river河畔的房子2. 在…身边;在…手头:I have got some money by me.我身边有些钱。3. [表示时间关系]在…期间,在(白天、夜晚)的时候:to travel by night在夜间旅行to work by day在白天工作在固定的时间内:to work by the hour按钟点工作不迟于;到…时(为止),到(某时)之前:Be back by ten o'clock.10点以前回来。We usually finish work by six o'clock.我们通常在6点钟之前完成工作。在…环境下,以…为伴:Jack and Mary walked by moonlight.杰克和玛丽在月光下散步。4. [表示运动的方向]:沿,沿着,经由,经过;取道:to New Jersey by the Holland Tunnel经霍兰隧道去新泽西州经过…旁边,从…旁边(过去);通过:to march by the reviewing stand在观礼台旁列队通过They went by the church.他们从教堂旁边走过。方向偏于,向,朝:north by west北偏西to sail NE by N向东北偏北方向航行5. [表示努力的方向,表示关系]对,对于,对待:to do well by a friend待朋友好She did well by her child.她待孩子好。6. [表示方法、方式、手段或媒介,表示行为者是谁或起作用的事物是什么]靠,用,通过,被,由:I know her by sight.我与她只是面熟(并不熟识)。gained by fraud靠欺诈得到7. [表示方式、式样]根据,按,照,依照,遵奉:to go by the book照书本行事That is a bad book by any standards.不论根据什么标准,那都是一部坏书。[表示反复或连续](一个)又(一个),(一个)接着(一个),逐一,连续:marching two by two两个两个地行进little by little一点点地逐渐地,渐次:to grow dark by degrees渐渐地变暗8. [表示允许、许可、同意、批准]蒙…的许可;认可,批准:by your leave请允许我;对不起9. [用作虚词表示尺寸、长度、面积]到…地步,到…程度:apples by the pack大量的苹果a room 12 feet by 14 feet一个宽12英尺长14英尺的房间(尺寸、面积)乘:two by four 2乘4用(所给数)作乘或除:multiply 10 by 4用4乘以10devide a by b用b除a10. [表示传递、交通等的方式]He arrived by air.他坐飞机到达了。They went by ship.他们坐船去。11. [表示原因]由于,因:They won the game by forfeit.他们因怕受罚而赢得了那场比赛。I met her by chance.我偶然碰到她。12. 按…计算:I am paid by the month.我按月领工资Grains are sold by the bushel.谷物论蒲式耳出售。13. [表示程度、数量等]以…之差:She's taller than her younger brother by two inches.她比她小弟高两英寸。The new boat is larger than the old one by a great deal.新船比旧船大得多。14. 就(出生、职业、本性等)来说:He was very generous by nature.他生性慷慨大方。15. 由…所生:Mary had a son by Harry.玛丽给哈里生了一个儿子。16. (哺乳动物)以…为种畜,以…为父亲:John II by John约翰二世为约翰之子17. 以(神)的名义,凭,对(或当)着…(发誓):to swear by all that is sacred当着一切神圣的东西发誓18. [主苏格兰英语]与…相比19. 到,来(串门,访问):Drop by my home this evening.今晚到我家来谈谈。20. [美国口语]在…地方:I'll give you a dinner by that restaurant.我到那家餐馆去请你吃顿饭。21. [口语]依…之见,就…看来:By her own account she was in New York at the time.据她自己说,她当时在纽约。adv.1. 近在手边;在附近,在近旁2. (搁)在一边,(搁)开;存放,存起,存在一边3. 以往,过去4. 经过,通过5. [美国英语]在指定的(或不讲自明的)地方6. [美国口语]进(或到)别人家adj.1. 次要的,副的;从属的,附带的2. 位于一边的;不在干道上的;旁边的,偏的n.1. 附带的东西;枝节问题;余物;副产品;次要的东西;小事2. 【板球】漏击得分3. (体育淘汰赛中抽签)轮空4. 【高尔夫球】(因一方已赢而不再打的)余穴 (= bye1)by2 [bai] interj.再见 (= bye)b.y.,BYabbr.billion years 十亿年by [bai] adv.1. so as to pass a given point2. in reserve; not for immediate useput something by for her old age
崽崽龙08
by + 动名词的形式,不管后面多长,从by这个单词开始一直到最后,说白了都属于补充成分例如这句话的主题是想说"他们扑灭了火",而后面的"通过泼水"只起到补充说明的作用看到一个句子首先找它的主体They 主语put out 谓语fire 宾语既然主体已经全了,那么其余的所有东西都是修饰成分(不管它多长)