同义动词英文

我给你我总结的！看看好了，说到种类那就很多了希望这些可以给你帮助1. clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 2. incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident. 3. amount, number amount后接不可数名词， number后接可数名词 a number of students 4. family, house, home home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one. 5. sound, voice, noise sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside. 6. photo, picture, drawing photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画 Let's go and see a good picture. 7. vocabulary, word vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary. 8. population, people population人口，人数，people具体的人 China has a large population. 9. weather, climate weather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况 The climate here is not good for you. 10. road, street, path, way road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径 take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum. 11. course, subject course课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course 12. custom, habit custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do， habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot. 13. cause, reason cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late 14. exercise, exercises, practice exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习 Practice makes perfect. 15. class, lesson 作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6; class 5 16. speech, talk, lecture speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课 a series of lecture on… 17. officer, official officer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer 18. work, job 二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job 19. couple, pair couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西 a pair of trousers 20. country, nation, state, land country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家 The whole nation was sad at the news. 21. cook, cooker cook厨师，cooker厨具 He is a good cook. 22. damage, damages damage不可数名词, 损害，损失; damages复数形式, 赔偿金 $900 damages 23. police, policeman police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house. 24. problem, question problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用 25. man, a man man人类，a man一个男人 Man will conquer nature. 26. chick, chicken 二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicious. 27. telegram, telegraph 当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph 28. trip, journey, travel, voyage travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip 29. sport, game sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则 His favorite sport is swimming. 30. price, prize price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金 win the first prize The price is high/low. 31. a number of, the number of a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing. 32. in front of, in the front of in front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy. 33. of the day, of a day of the day每一天的，当时的，当代的， of a day暂时的，不长久的 a famous scientist of the day 34. three of us, the three of us three of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema. 35. by bus, on the bus by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围 They went there by bus. 36. for a moment, for the moment for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时 Thinking for a moment, he agreed. 37. next year, the next year next year将来时间状语，the next year过去将来时间状语 He said he would go abroad the next year. 38. more than a year, more than one year more than a year一年多，more than one year超过一年（两年或三年等） 39. take advice, take the(one's) advice take advice征求意见，take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again. 40. take air, take the air take air传播，走漏，take the air到户外去，散步 We take the air every day. 41. in a word, in words in a word总之，一句话， in words口头上 In a word, you are right. 42. in place of, in the place of in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one. 43. in secret, in the secret in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；in the secret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语 My mother was in the secret from the beginning. 44. a girl, one girl a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box? 45. take a chair, take the chair take a chair相当于sit down坐下，take the chair开始开会 46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea go to sea当海员，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海边 go by sea 47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is 48. in office, in the office in office在职的，in the office在办公室里 He is in office, not out of office. 49. in bed, on the bed in bed卧在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed. 50. in charge of, in the charge of in charge of管理，负责照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her. 51. in class, in the class in class在课上，in the class在班级里 He is the best student in the class. 52. on fire, on the fire on fire着火,on the fire在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire. 53. out of question, out of the question out of question毫无疑问的，out of the question不可能的 54. a second, the second a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize. 55. by day, by the day by day白天，by the day按天计算 The workers are paid by the day. 56. the people, a people the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people. 57. it, one it同一物体，one同类不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one. 58. that, this that指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的 I was ill. That's why… 59. none, nothing, no one none强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人 --- How many…/How much…? --- None. 60. anyone, any one anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you 61. who, what who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher. 62. what, which what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? 63. other, another other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数 other students, another student 64. not a little, not a bit not a little非常，not a bit一点也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。 65. many, much, a lot of many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books. 66. much more…than, many more…than much more…than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more…than后接可数名词 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful 67. no, not no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water 68. no more than, not more than no more than相当于only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过 69. majority, most majority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可 the majority of people 70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself by oneself单独的，独自的，for oneself为自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自动的 The door opened of itself. 71. at all, after all at all根本，全然, after all到底，毕竟 After all he is a child. 72. tall, high tall常指人或动物，high常指物体 He is tall. 73. fast, quickly fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly 74. high, highly high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of 75. healthy, healthful healthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise 76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy. 77. gold, golden gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish a gold ring 78. most, mostly most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，mostly大部分,是副词 most people, the people are mostly… 79. just, very just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语 the very man, just the man 80. wide, broad wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders 81. real, true real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合 real gold, a true story 82. respectful, respectable respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged 83. outwards, outward 二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词 an outward voyage 84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing. 85. understanding, understandable understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake 86. close, closely close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close 87. ill, sick ill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy 88. good, well good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again. 89. quiet, silent, still quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响 He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。 90. hard, hardly hard努力，hardly几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it. 91. able, capable able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用 He is capable of doing… 92. almost, nearly 二者均为"几乎,差不多" 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody 93. late, lately late迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I haven't seen him lately. 94. living, alive, live, lively living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的 all the living people=all the people alive 95. excited, exciting excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的 I'm excited. The news is exciting. 96. deep, deeply deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep 97. aloud, loud aloud出声地，loud大声地 read aloud(出声地读) 98. worth, worthy 二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited. 99. bad, badly bad形容词，badly副词，不好，但与need, want, require连用为"很，非常" go bad I need the book badly. 100. before long, long before before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long 101. quite, rather quite完全地，相当于completely, rather修饰比较级 quite impossible 102. happy, glad happy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语 a happy girl 103. instead, instead of instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film. 104. too much, much too too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy 105. be about to, be going to, be to do be about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going to 侧重打算，想法，be to do侧重意志，计划，安排I'm to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思) 106. raise, rise raise及物动词，rise不及物动词 The sun rises in the east. 107. bring, take, carry, fetch bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk 108. spend, take, pay, cost spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间; pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱 109. join, join in, take part in join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago. 110. learn, study learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究 study the problem 111. want, hope, wish want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that… wish希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success. 112. discover, invent, find out discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，find out发现，查明 At last he found out the truth. 113. answer, reply answer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接 to reply to the letter 114. leave, leave for leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai. 115. rob, steal rob抢劫 rob sb. of sth.，steal偷 steal sth. from sb. 116. shoot, shoot at shoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中 He shot the bird and it died. 117. drop, fall drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物动词 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice. 118. search, search for search后接地点，search for后接东西 He searched his pocket for money. 119. used to, be used to used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early. 120. win, lose, beat win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them 121. live on, live by live on以…为主食，live by靠…谋生 live on fish/ live by fishing 122. beat, hit, strike beat连续性地击打；hit打中，对准打；strike打一下或若干下 beat the wings 123. meet, meet with meet遇到，meet with体验到，遭遇到 meet with an accident 124. lose, miss lose失去（具体的物体），错过 sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，错过sth. is missing, miss the chance 125. be tired of, be tired with/from be tired of厌烦…，be tired with/from因为…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters 126. care about, care for care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意 He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies. 127. catch a cold, have a cold catch a cold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用，而have a cold可以 She has had a cold for a week. 128. change for, change into change for调换成，change into变成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice. 129. continue, last 二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动 The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued. 130. feed, raise feed喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to)， raise饲养，养育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family 131. go for a doctor, go to a doctor go for a doctor去请医生，go to a doctor去看病 132. notice, observe, catch sight of notice注意到，observe观察，仔细地看，catch sight of突然看到 observe the stars 133. insist on, stick to insist on坚持要求，后常接doing, stick to坚持, 后常接sth. stick to the plan 134. look, seem, appear look指从外表上看，seem指内心的判断，appear指给人以表面的印象 appear wise, look like his father 135. gather, collect gather把分散的东西集中到一起， collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集 collect stamps 136. mean to do, mean doing mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着 By this I mean giving the students more practice. 137. die from, die of die from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger and cold 138. pay for, pay back, pay off pay for为…付钱，pay back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off还清 pay for the book, pay off the debt 139. divide, separate divide把一个整体分成几部分，separate把连在一起的个体分开 divide the apple, separate the houses 140. arrive, get, reach arrive不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词 arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing 141. grow, plant grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去，plant移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物 plant the trees, trees are growing 142. manage, try manage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam, but he failed. 143. choose, select choose凭个人的判断力进行选择，select有目的地仔细认真地选择 choose the best answer 144. build, put up, set up, found build一般用语，建成，put up临时搭建，set up建成（内部的设施基本齐全），found国家或组织的建成 put up a tent, set up a school 145. be familiar to, be familiar with be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book. 146. agree with, agree to, agree on agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数 agree with you, agree to the plan 147. throw to, throw at throw to扔到…, throw at朝…扔 He throw a stone at me. 148. receive, accept receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it. 149. wear, put on, dress wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作 It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes. 150. listen, hear listen强调动作，hear强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing. 151. look, see, watch look看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV 152. lie, lay lie躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book 153. work as, act as work as工作是…，act as充当某种职务或身份，或扮演某种角色 He works as a teacher. He acts as an interpreter. 154. move, remove move动一动，但不一定移走，remove从一处移到另一处 remove the table to the kitchen

tactic(s), strategy这两个名词均有“策略，战术”之意take, grasp, grab, grip, clasp, clutch, snatch, seize这些动词均有“抓住，握紧”之意tax, impose, assess这些动词均有“征税”之意teach, instruct, educate, coach, train, tutor这些动词均含“教，教育，培养”之意tear, rip, split这些动词均有“撕裂、扯破”之意technique, technology这两个名词均有“技术”之意temper, character, nature, personality, disposition, complexion这些名词均有“性格、气质、性情、习性”之意temporary, momentary, transient这些形容词均含“短暂的，瞬息的”之意hink, conceive, imagine, fancy, realize这些动词均可表示“在思想中形成一个看法或观念”之意hink, deliberate, meditate, muse, reason, reflect, speculate这些动词均有“思考、判断、思索”之意threaten, menace这两个动词均有“威胁、恐吓”之意though, although, as这些连词均可表示“虽然，尽管”之意。throw, cast, fling, heave, hurl, pitch, toss这些动词均有“抛、投、掷”之意。title, name这两个名词均有“名称”之意tolerantj, merciful这两个形容词均含“宽容的”之意too, very这两个副词均可表示“大，很”之意touch, inspire, move这些动词均有“感动，打动”之意.translation, version, paraphrase这些名词均含“翻译，译文”之意。transparent, clear这两个形容词均可表示“透明的”之意trial, experiment, test, try这些名词均有“试验”之意。trend, tendency, current这些名词均含“趋势，倾向”之意.trend, tendency, current这些名词均含“趋势，倾向”之意turbulent, stormy, violent, wild, fierce这些形容词均含“剧烈的，凶猛的，狂暴的”之意twilight, dawn, dusk这些名词含有“黎明，黄昏”之意undergo, experience, sustain, suffer这些动词均有“经历，经受，遭受”之意underground, subway, tube这些名词均可表示“地铁”之意understand, comprehend, appreciate, apprehend, grasp这些动词均有“理解”之意unfold, open这两个动词均有“打开”之意unhappy, unfortunate, unlucky, disastrous这些形容词均有“不幸的”之意unwilling, reluctant这两个形容词均有“不情愿的，不愿意的”之意upset, agitate, disturb, perturb这些动词均有“使不安，使心烦意乱”之意use, apply, employ, utilize, avail, exploi这些动词均含“使用，应用”之意used to, would这两个词均含“过去惯常，过去总是”之意usual, customary, habitual, conventional, regular这些形容词均有“通常的，惯常的”之意vague, dim, indefinite, obscure, ambiguous, faint这些形容词均含“不明确的，模糊的”之意。vanish, disappear, fade, evaporate这些动词均有“消失”之意。valuable, precious这两个形容词均含“贵重的，有价值的”之意venture, chance, dare, hazard, risk这些动词均含有 敢于冒险 之意。vertical, perpendicular, upright, erect, plumb这些形容词均有“垂直的、竖式的”之意。

做：do=exercise, practice, perform(做法：behavior=exercise, practice, performance)对…有益处：be good for.=do good to=be beneficial to=be advantageous to=be conducive to对…有害处：be harmful/bad for=be detrimental to =be disadvantageous to =be pernicious to集中精力于：focus on=A devote oneself todedicate oneself tocommit oneself to =B engage oneself inemploy oneself in认为：think =A argue, assert, contend, claim =B maintain, note =C hold the viewpoint that hold the standpoint that hold the perspective that =D harbour an idea/opinion that embrace a view that(观点：viewpoint， standpoint，perspective )反对：be against=reject, object, oppose =be opposed to =become hostile to支持：support=take sides with=advocate=lend support to =sing high praise of导致：lead to=trigger =result in, bring about, contribute to =give rise to, give birth to, be responsible for(归咎于：be ascribed to=be attributed to)看到（see），读到(read)，学到(learn)=接触到make contact with=have access to=be accessible to=暴露于be exposed to=gain exposure to=获得obtain=attain=acquire发展(develop)，提高(increase)，改善(improve) =A 及物动词组 promote, advance, enhance, reinforce 名词 promotion, advancement, enhancement, reinforcement =B 不及物动词 rocket, boom, flourish, prosper有：负面含义：suffer, run high risk ofhas正面含义：boast, embrace中性含义：face=be faced with=be possessed of面临，面对：be faced with=be encountered with=be poised on the brink of破坏：destroy, damage=A decompose, destruct =B endanger, threaten =C impair, decimate, deteriorate =D exercise/practice/perform damage/danger…upon阻碍：limit=A restrict, restrain, constrict, constrain =B obstacle, barricade =C smother, curb =D hinder, impede下结论：make a conclusion=A draw a conclusion that reach a conclusion that arrive at a conclusion that =B hammer a conclusion that crystallize a conclusion that使用：use=employ, apply, adopt,=resort to 解决：solve=A addresshandletackle B deal with Cope with减轻：reduce=A lessen, lighten, lower =B mitigate, alleviate =C decrease, degrade 形容词替换集锦难的：difficult=troublesome=burdensome=thorny不可或缺的：necessary=indispensable=inevitable=irreplaceable=unavoidable重要的：important=crucial, critical, essential, vital =be importance=be of cruciality=be of criticality= be of essentiality=be of vitality巨大的：large=enormous, tremendous, considerable, appreciable正确的（correct）=仔细的(careful)=arduous=assiduous有道理的：reasonable=rational and plausible吸引人的：attractive=inviting and appealing足够的：adequate and sufficient很多，许多：A a wealth of a flood of vast arrays of B a tremendous(enormous/considerable/appreciable) amount(number/sum) of 更，越来越：more and more=A 更+ 具体名词（比如钱，人数等） a growing/increasing/climbing number/amount/sum of 抽象名词（比如影响，重要性）growing/increasing/climbing=B 更+形容词 growingly/increasingly/climbingly=C 更+动词 to a larger extent 名词替换集锦日常生活：daily lives=day-to-day lives=everyday lives因素：cause, reason=factor, determinant联系：relationship(relate A to B)=connection(connect A to B )=association(associate A to B)优点：advantage=benefit=superiority=merit =favorable aspects/respects/perspectives =undesirable aspects/respects/perspectivesdisadvantage=detriment=inferiority=defect=deficiency =unfavorable aspects/respects/perspectives =undesirable aspects/respects/perspectives介词替换集锦在…方面:in …ways=in …aspects/respects/perspectives 用…方法：in…ways=in…fashion=in …mannerof=necessary towithout=free fromabout=concerning=related to

英语同义词如下：

1、daily、everyday. 这两个形容词均有“每天的，日常的”之意。

（1）daily，普通用词，特指每天发生一次的，也可指按日计的。

（2）everyday，一般日常用词，指日常发生的、无须特别关心的。

2、danger、risk、hazard、menace、peril、threat. 这些名词均含有“危险、威胁”之意。

（1）danger，含义广，普通用词，指能够造成伤害、损害或不利的任何情况。

（2）risk，,指有可能发生的危险，尤指主动进行某种活动或去碰运气而冒的危险。

（3）hazard比risk正式，多指偶然发生的或无法控制的危险，常含较严重或有一定风险的意味。

（4）menace，所指的危险性最严重，表示使用暴力或造成破坏性的可能。

（5）peril，指迫在眉睫很有可能发生的严重危险。

（6）threat=普通用词，语气弱于menace，指任何公开侵犯对方的言行，给对方构成危险或威胁。

3、date、day. 这两个名词均有“日”之意。

（1）date，指具体的年、月、日，或指年代、时代。

（2）day，泛指任何一天，或指含有“一昼夜”意义的一天，也可指工作日。可用复数表时代、时期。

4、dead、dying. 这两个形容词都有“死”之意。

（1）dead，指已停止呼吸和心脏跳动，与alive（活着的，活的）相对。

（2）dying，指奄奄一息，行将死亡。

5、dash、rush. 这两个动词都有“冲，奔”之意。

（1）dash，指以最快的速度向前奔驰。

（2）rush，指因急躁或事务紧急而采取快速行动。

ambiguous, obscure, vague, unclear, dim 这一组形容词都有"模糊"的意思。ambiguous a.意义含糊的，有歧义的，指因字、词、句有歧义而使人感到模糊不清、难以理解和把握。His ambiguous directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to take.他的模棱两可的指导使我们很迷惑以至于我们不知道该走哪条路了。obscure a.用于表达因光线不足而使人看不清楚。该词的引申意义可以表示语法、文字、记忆等因复杂、深奥、模棱两可而使人看不懂和无法理解。The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many obscure references.艾兹拉•庞德的诗有时候难以理解，因为诗歌中含有许多令人费解的典故。vague a.含混的，不清楚的，多用于比喻意义，用来表示因逻辑关系不清、言辞笼统而导致的意义不清楚，该词也可表示轮廓形状的不清楚和模糊。He has some vague ideas about what to do, but nothing specific.他大概知道他要做什么，但没有具体的计划。unclear a.指句意、字迹不清楚，使人难以看懂；不肯定的。Unclear writing is difficult to understand.模糊的字迹使人难以辨认。It is unclear whether the economy will get better.经济是否好转仍不明朗。dim a.光线暗淡的，看不清的；记忆力模糊的；不大可能的。Don't work in dim light.不要在昏暗的光线下工作。His changes of recovery from illness are dim.他康复的可能性十分渺茫。amplify, enlarge, stretch, magnify, reinforce, expandamplify v.扩大，增加，尤其指通过增强电压或电流使声音扩大；补充叙述(故事、事件等)。We must ask you to amplify your statement.我们得请你对你的说法作进一步的说明。enlarge v.扩大，多指具体物品如相片的放大。enlarge photograph放大照片enlarge a house扩建房屋stretch v. (有弹性地)伸展，延伸，并有可能超过限度；伸长、伸出(身体某部位)并绷紧肌肉(尤指在放松后或为了够着某物)。The pullover stretched after I had worn it a few times.这件套头毛衣我穿了几次之后就撑大了。Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, stretching themselves.完成了早间工作之后，职员们站到桌子后面伸伸懒腰。magnify v.放大，指用透镜或显微镜使物体看上去大一些。His eyeglasses magnify words so he can read them.他借助眼睛把字放大以便能够阅读。reinforce v.增援，加固。expand v.指范围、体积的扩大、增大，也可以指内容或细节的充实。The balloon expanded, then exploded.气球先是膨胀，然后就爆破了。anger, fury, indignation, resentment这一组名词都有"愤怒、生气"的意思。anger n.气愤，生气，是一般用语。After their argument, he expressed his anger by punching the other man in the face.争吵之后，他一拳打在那个人的脸上以发泄怒气。fury n.暴怒，大怒，程度较anger要强。indignation n.义愤，尤其指出于道义上的激愤。general indignation at the sudden steep rise in bus fares公共汽车票价突然猛增激起的公愤resentment n.愤恨，怨恨，不满，是正式用语，尤指由于受侮辱或自尊心受到伤害后而产生的愤慨。There was a feeling of resentment in the office after everyone's pay was lowered.大家的工资降低后，办公室里怨声载道。apparent, evident, manifest, obvious, distinct这一组形容词都有"明显的"之意。apparent a.明显的，显而易见的，尤其指容易观察到或认识到的事物。He is very unhappy, and it is apparent that he wants to leave now.他很不高兴，显然他现在想走了。evident a.明白的，明显的，与apparent基本同意，多用于推理或由事实证明的事物。It is evident that he is guilty; his fingerprints were found at the crime scene.显然他是有罪的，在犯罪现场发现了他的指纹。manifest a.清楚的，明显的，多指根据外部特征或迹象便能看出或了解其意义，常作表语。Her ability is manifest, but she is not attractive.她才能出众，但长相并不动人。obvious a.明显的，显而易见的，含有无可辩白，不需证明之意。It is obvious that that woman has had too much to drink.很显然，那个妇女酒喝的太多了。distinct a.清楚的，明显的；不同的，独特的。修饰性质明显不同的东西。Medical care has made a distinct improvement in his health.治疗已使他的健康有了明显的好转。applaud, clap, commend, praiseapplaud v.鼓掌，赞扬，指因精湛表演或某种行为得到别人的赞许，大声叫好或热烈鼓掌。The boss applauded my efforts by praising my work.老板表扬了我的工作，对我的努力表示赞许。clap v.拍打，其用法是clap one's hand=applaud,不能说applaud one's hands。clap sb.为某人鼓掌，clap sth.拍打某物commend v.为正式用词，用于对具体功绩或成就表示嘉奖，通常指上级对下级、长辈对晚辈的赞赏。The teacher commended the student for doing well on the exam.老师表扬学生们的考试成绩优异。praise v.为一般用词，用于对某人的优秀品质表示钦佩羡慕；赞颂，赞美。A supervisor praised the employee for her good work.一位主管称赞这位员工的工作做得不错。Survivors of the crash praised God for saving them.坠机事件的幸存者赞颂上帝使他们得救。area, district, region, vicinity, zone这一组名词都有"区域"的意思。area n.泛指面积较大的地区；面积；专业领域。The New York area has high rents.纽约地区房租很高。district n.行政区划的小范围地区。如Xicheng district北京西城区region n.行政区划上更大的地区，如"自治区"；身体部位。The northeast region of the USA includes New York and the six New England states.美国东北部包括纽约和新英格兰地区的那六个州。vicinity n.周围地区，附近地区。The police were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the vicinity.警察都十分警惕因为逃跑的罪犯就藏在附近地区。zone n.指特定的地方、地带。The city passed a law to create a business zone on some empty land.市政府通过法律，在一些空地上开辟商业区。assembly, conference, congress, rally, seminar, session, summit, symposium这一组名词都表示"会议"的意思。assembly n.集合，集会。The assembly of students takes place in the auditorium.学生们在大礼堂举行集会。conference n. (专门性的)会议，讨论会。The conference on international economic problems met in Geneva.关于世界经济问题的会议在日内瓦召开。congress n.代表大会，(美国的)国会。Congress passes laws that must be obeyed by the people.美国国会通过的法律，人民一定要遵守。rally n. (鼓舞士气的)集会；群众性集会。The football coach called a rally to build up the team's excitement for the next game.足球教练召开了一个动员会，以便鼓舞士气打好下次比赛。seminar n. (大学的)研究班，研讨会。During summer vacations some teachers attend seminars at college.暑假里，一些教师在学院里参加研究班。session n. (一届)会议，回合。the autumn session of Parliament议会的秋季会议summit n.最高级会议，峰会(通常为领导人参加)。Next year, the summit will be held in Vienna.明年将在维也纳举行最高级会谈。symposium n. (学术、科研方面的)座谈会，专题报告会。The symposium on SARS research lasted two days.非典型性肺炎研究的研讨会持续了两天。assessment, estimate, evaluation这一组名词都有"评估"的意思。assessment n.评估，估价，常常表示对于财产、价值的评估。We have a low assessment on our property.我们对我们的资产评估很低。estimate n.估计，强调进行评估得出的结果，常与动词give搭配。The mechanic gave me a rough estimate of two or three hundred dollars for the repairs to my car.机械师给我的汽车修理费的粗略估计是200或300美元。evaluation n. (对于能力，价值、工作业绩的)评价，估价，常带有肯定的、正确的含义。He gave a positive evaluation of our scientific research.他对于我们的科学研究给予了积极的评价。associate, ally, combine, unite这一组词都有"联合"的意思。associate v.交往，结交；联系，联想。多指平等友好的合作，后接with，表示与某人交往或合作，后接in表示在某个方面合作。We associate with our neighbors at church.在教堂里，我们同邻居交往。ally v.使结盟，使联姻，多与with搭配。Several political parties allied with each other against higher taxes.几个政治党派联合起来反对提高税收。combine v.联合，化合，混合，多指为了某个目的将不同的人或物混合而成一个整体。The girl combined sugar, butter, and flour to made the dough.小姑娘把糖、黄油和面粉混合到一起做成面团。unite v.联合，合并，团结，尤指不同的事物或人组成统一体，强调结果的一致性。The nation united against its enemy.国民团结一致共同对敌。average, common, general, universal, usual这一组形容词都有"普通"的意思。average a.普通的，一般的，它强调的是一般水准或普通水准；通常在有数字出现的情况下，表示"平均的"。The average runner can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes.跑步者15分钟内平均跑两英里。common a.常见的，普通的，不足为奇的，有时引申为"平凡的"，强调事物的共同性。另外，它还有"公共的，共同的"之意。Car accidents are a common occurrence.交通事故是很普通的事件。general a.普通的，一般的，表示涉及到各方面，强调整体性而非个别和例外，该词的反义词为particular。In general, the economy is doing well now.总的来说，现在的经济形式还不错。universal a.普遍的，比general语气更强，有"全然没有例外"的意思。Poverty is a universal problem all over the world.贫困是世界各地普遍存在的问题。usual a.通常的，惯常的，强调"习惯性的，符合规章制度的"，是个一般用语。award, rewardaward v.指正式地或官方地颁发，授予，给予；也可以指法庭裁决给予。后面可跟双宾语。The school principal awarded a prize in history to the best student.学校校长将历史奖授予最出色的学生。reward v.酬劳，奖赏，回报，通常指因做了某一件事或提供了某种服务而应得到报酬或酬谢，其后一般以人或人的行为作宾语。后跟with用来说明以何物作为报酬。I will reward to the person who returns my lost dog.我将出50美元，酬谢帮我找回丢失的狗的人。aware, consciousaware a.知道的，意识到的，强调感官对外界事物的意识。He was aware of his mistake.他意识到自己的错误。conscious a.有意识的，意识到的，一般指内心所意识到的。The salesman is conscious of the fact that he must increase sales.销售员意识到他必须增加销售量。base, foundation, ground这一组名词都有"基础"的意思。base n.指具体的有形的基础，也可指物体的底部、基部；基地，总部。They use their apartment in New York as a home base from which they travel frequently.他们把纽约的公寓作为他们频繁出行的大本营。foundation n.本义指建筑物的地基，含有坚实的基础的意思；基金会。The foundation for our house is made of cement.我们房子的地基是水泥打下的。ground n.地面，土地，也指地域，水底，海底。basic, elementary, fundamentalbasic a.基本的，基础的，既可用于具体事物，也可用于抽象事物。He has a basic understanding of the problem.他对问题有基本的了解。elementary a.初步的，初级的。elementary school小学fundamental a.根本性的，一般只用于抽象的事物；必要的，必须的。Honesty is a fundamental principle in dealing with others.诚实是与别人相处的基本原则。beam, chuckle, giggle, grin, jeer, laugh, roar, sneer这一组都有"笑"的意思，而它们之间的差别也是明显的。beam v.本义指照耀，放光，引申为"微笑"，是正式用语，指面带喜悦或笑容，暗示对他人的友好或内心的满足。She beamed with happiness.她高兴得眉开眼笑。chuckle v. (书面语)吃吃的笑，抿嘴笑，轻声笑，多指因得意或领会到某事中的趣味而暗自发笑。She does not laugh out loud; she only chuckles.她没有笑出声来，只是抿嘴而笑。giggle v.咯咯地笑，痴笑，傻笑，多指女人和孩子由于紧张、被逗乐、尴尬时所发出的笑声。The schoolgirls giggled when the famous football player walkedsintostheir classroom.当这个著名的足球运动员走进教室时，女生们都咯咯地笑起来。grin v.露齿而笑，指人因高兴、满足、轻蔑等咧开嘴露齿地笑。He grinned at his mother.他冲他的妈妈咧嘴一笑。jeer v.讥笑，嘲笑，其同义词是mock。The crowd jeered when the boxer was knocked down.当那个拳手被人打倒时，人群开始嘲笑他。laugh v.笑，大笑，用于一般的笑或出声的大笑。roar v.怒吼，咆哮，引申为放声大笑，哄堂大笑。He roared when he heard the joke.听完这个笑话，他哈哈大笑。sneer v.冷笑，嘲笑，指以语言、表情、和声调表示轻蔑或嘲弄。He sneered at the offer and said it was two low.他对报价嗤之以鼻，说它太低了。bewilder, puzzle, confuse, embarrass, perplex这一组词都有"迷惑"的意思。bewilder v.使困惑，使茫然，强调非常困惑，通常表现为心理和智力的紊乱，语气最重。He was fired without warning and is completely bewildered about the reason.他没有得到事先警告就被开除了，完全不明白是什么原因。When the farmers visited the city for the first time, they were bewildered by its complicated traffic system.当这些农夫们第一次到城里的时候，他们对城市复杂的交通系统感到迷惑不解。puzzle v.使迷惑，感到不解，强调不理解或解决不了。Where the sunken treasure is puzzles explorers.沉没宝藏的下落令探险家们大惑不解。confuse v.一般用语，使混乱，使糊涂，强调因混淆而使人产生迷乱。He sent the wrong reports because he confused them with other ones.他发错了报告，因为他把它们同另外一些报告混淆在一起了。embarrass v.使窘迫，使为难，使困惑，有令人不快、难为情和内心混乱的意味。Her boyfriend embarrassed her by teasing her about her new hairstyle in front of others.她的男友在别人面前嘲笑她的新发型，使她感到难堪。perplex v.使杂乱，使疑虑，使不安。The new tax laws perplex me.新税收法律使我很费解。blame, condemn, reproach, scold这一组动词都有"责怪"的意思。blame v.责怪，把……归咎于。You can't blame anyone in case you fail the exam.万一你考试不及格，你不能怪罪任何人。condemn v.谴责，用于比较正式的、严肃的场合。The wife condemned her husband for drinking too much.妻子因丈夫贪杯而责怪他。reproach v. (书面语)责备，表示不满。His teacher reproached him for not doing his homework.老师责备他不做作业。scold v.责骂，训斥。blunder, error, mistake这一组词都表示"错误"。blunder n. (因为无知、疏忽犯下的)大错，愚蠢的错误。I think that I committed a blunder in asking her because she seemed very upset by my question.这位女士由于我的问题感到很难过，我感觉到犯了一个大错。error n.指判断、计算或行为上的错误，也可指智力或道义上的错误。The accident was the result of human error.这事故是人为的错误造成的。mistake n.误会，误解；(粗心、遗忘所导致的)错误。I took your bag instead of mine by mistake.我错拿了你的手提包。brittle, fragile, frail, crisp, invalid这一组形容词都有"弱"的意思。brittle a.易碎的，易损坏的，通常是指坚硬的东西。The bones of elderly people become brittle and easily broken.老年人的骨头变得脆弱，很容易骨折。fragile a.常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西，也引申为体弱的，虚弱的。He 's feeling a bit fragile after last night's party.他参加了昨晚的聚会以后，现在感觉有些虚弱。frail a. (指人)体弱的，虚弱的，也可以指东西易碎的。His mother has grown old and frail.他母亲已经年老体弱。crisp a.指食品的松脆；清新的，爽快的；活跃的，有生气的，干净利落的。crisp biscuit松脆的饼干The student gave a clear, crisp answer to the teacher's question.学生干净利落地回答了老师的问题。invalid a.不正确的，缺乏证据的；无效的，作废的。作名词时，表示病弱者，伤残者，久病者。Your ideas about the first humans are interesting but invalid.你关于最早的人类的观点很有意思，但是缺乏证据。A bad car accident made him an invalid.一次严重的车祸使他变成了残疾。boundary, border, frontier, rim, verge这几个名词都有"边界"的意思。boundary n.边界；界线。多指作为界线的标识物等。The fence marks the boundary between my land and hers.这道栅栏是我的地和她的地的分界线。border n.较宽的边缘，边界，多指两国或两地之间的分界处附近的边缘地区、边界地带；也可以指物体的边缘等。We crossed the Mexican bordersintosthe USA.我们穿过墨西哥边界进入美国境内。frontier n.边界，边境，边疆，指靠近边界(boundary)的区域；也可引申为"未开发的领域"，"(学术的)前沿"等。The American West was still a frontier a century ago.一个世纪以前美国西部还是一片边疆。She is a biochemist who works on the frontiers of biology.她是从事生物学前沿研究的生化学家。rim n.边，边缘，尤指圆形或近似圆形的物体的边缘。verge n. (道路、花坛等长着草的)边缘，引申为"某事即将发生之际"。on the verge of war战争爆发之际brief, concise, curt, succinct这一组形容词都有"简短的"意思。brief a.简明扼要的，简短的，指时间短暂，办事利索，态度明了等；有时含有"虽短但却不失全面"的意味。The manager made a brief statement to open the meeting.经理致了简短的开幕词。concise a. (文字等的)简要、精练，常含有保留主要部分的意思。His letter was concise, omitting everything not pertinent to the job.他的信写得简明扼要，省略掉了所有与该项工作无关的部分。curt a.三言两语的，简短的，常含有"草率"的意思。He asked his boss a question, but got a curt reply , "I have no time for you now!"他问老板一个问题，但是老板草率的说："我没时间搭理你。"succinct a.简明的，简洁的，简练的，尤指用词简练，除含有concise的意思外，还有经过压缩的或简化的意思。succinct summary of the argument论点的概要