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高中英语定语从句培训

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定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。以下是专门为你收集整理的高中英语定语从句教案，供参考阅读！ 　　高中英语定语从句教案 　　 Ⅰ. 定义 　　定语从句，起形容词的作用，在句中常用来修饰名词或代词。被修饰的.词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词称为关系词, 关系词的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起引导作用;二是在意义上代替先行词,并在从句中充当一个成分。其中关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as；关系副词：when, where, why。 　　eg. She is the girl who sings best of all. 　　The pen which my uncle gave me is missing. 　　He lives in a house whose windows face south. 　　The factory where my father works is in the east of the city. 　　Perhaps the day will come when people will be able to breathe clean air in cities. 　　 Ⅱ. 关系代词 　　1.先行词是人，作主语，关系代词用who, that 　　eg. He is a man（ ） never leaves today’s work till tomorrow. 　　The boy ( ) is standing there is my cousin. 　　2. 先行词是人，作宾语，关系代词用 whom, who, that, 　　eg. Here is the man ( ) you’ve been expecting to meet. 　　The man ( ) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith. 　　3. 先行词是物，作主语，关系代词用which, that 　　eg . The train （ ） has just left is for Guangzhou. 　　Children like to read books ( ) have wonderful pictures. 　　4. 先行词是物，作宾语，关系代词用which, that,或省略 　　eg. The book ( ) you borrowed yesterday is really interesting. 　　The pen ( ) my uncle gave me is missing. 　　5. 先行词是人、物，作定语，关系代词用whose 　　eg. He is the professor ( ) name was Jackson. 　　China, （ ） population is the largest in the world, is developing very fast. 　　 Ⅲ. 关系副词 　　1.先行词是表示时间的名词，在定从中作时间状语，关系代词用when 　　eg. I can’t remember the date ( ) he went abroad. 　　I’ll never forget the day ( ) I joined the army. 　　2.先行词是表示地点的名词，在定从中作地点状语，关系代词用where; 其中注意表示抽象概念的地点名词，如，situation、stage、degree、point等表示方面或程度时，也需用where 　　eg. This is the village （ ） Uncle Wang once lived. 　　They have reached the point ( ) they have to separate with each other. 　　He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ( ) he is likely to lose control over the plane. 　　3. 先行词是reason，在定从中作原因状语，关系代词用why 　　eg. I don’t know the reason ( ) he was late. 　　None of us know the reason ( ) Tom was absent from the meeting. 　　4.引导定语从句的关系副词也可以用“适当介词 + which”来代替。 　　eg. October 1, 1949 was the day when （ = ） the People’s Republic of China was founded. 　　This is the factory where（= ） we worked a year ago. 　　I don’t believe the reason why (= ) he was late for school. 　　 Ⅳ. 关系代词that & which的区别: 　　⒈ 只用that的情况 　　① 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词时。 　　eg. There is nothing ( ) can prevent him from doing it. 　　② 先行词被any, only, few, no, very, little 等修饰时。 　　eg. This is the very book ( ) I’m looking for. 　　③ 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 　　eg. The first place ( ) they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 　　This is the best film ( ) I have ever seen. 　　④ 先行词既有人又有物时。 　　eg. He talked about things and persons ( ) they remembered in the school. 　　⑤ 先行词被the only, the very修饰时。 　　eg. Mr. Smith is the only foreigner ( ) he knows. 　　⑥ 句中已有who或which,为了避免重复时。 　　eg. Who is the man ( ) is standing beside Tom? 　　⒉ 不能用 that的情况： 　　① 引导非限制性定语从句； 　　eg. He had failed in the maths exam , ( ) made his father very angry. 　　② 介词 + 关系代词。 　　eg. This is the room in（ ） my father lived last year. 　　 Ⅴ. as引导定语从句时的用法(as 相当于that & which) 　　① as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。 　　eg. This is the same book ( ) I lent you. 　　Such machines ( ) are used in our workshop are made in China. 　　② as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，位置灵活，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。 　　eg. ( ) I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 　　Taiwan, ( ) we all know, belongs to China. 　　 Ⅵ. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的主要区别: 　　限制性定语从句: 一般紧跟在先行词后面,不用逗号把从句与先行词分隔开来。使先行词的意思十分明确,成为特定的人或物,是句子中不可缺少的成分,少了它句子就会失去意义不能成立,或意思不清楚,不能说明问题。通常译为定语。 　　非限制性定语从句: 通常由逗号与句子其他成分隔开。只是对先行词作进一步的说明,没有它句子仍能成立,意思仍很清楚。通常译为并列的句子。 　　eg. I was the only person in our office （ ） was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整） 　　Tom’s father, （ ） is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（整个句子可分成两句来翻译） 　　 Ⅶ. 分隔定语从句 　　即先行词与关系代词、副词之间被介词短语，同位语，谓语等分隔开来。 　　此种定语从句，在选择关系词时，要注意找准先行词。 　　eg. There is an expression in his eyes （ ）I can’t understand. 　　I was the only person in my office ( ) was invited to the important ball. 　　I suggest you choose someone I think ( ) is very kind and friendly. 　　选择填空： 　　1. It was April 29,2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. 　　A. that B. when C. since D. before 　　2.)Gutter oil is illegally recycled cooking oil, contains chemicals that are harmful to the human body and can even cause cancer. 　　A. it B. which C. where D. that 　　3. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, the audience can buy ice-cream. 　　A. when B. where C. that D. which 　　4. The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other. 　　A. they B. where C. what D. that 　　5. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, it will keep for two or three weeks. 　　A. when B. which C. where D. while 　　6. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ------- uses it somewhat differently. 　　A. which B. what C. them D. those 　　7. A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. 　　A. when B. that C. where D. there 　　8. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ------ allows them to communicate freely with each other. 　　A. which B. where C. what D. who 　　9 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ------ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. 　　A. this B. that C. what D. which 　　10. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ------ had taken more than three years. 　　A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which 　　11. The school shop, customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays. 　　A. which B. whose C. when D. where 　　12.He was so pleased with all we had done for him he wrote us a letter to praise for it. 　　A. what; what B. what; that C. that; what D. that; that 　　13.The moon travels round the earth once every month, is known to everybody. 　　A. it B. as C. that D. what 　　14. is often the case with elder people, my grandma, talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop. 　　A. That B. Which C. As D. It 　　15.After graduating from high school, you will reach a point in your life ------- you need to decide what to do. 　　A. that B. what C. which D. where 　　16.The novel was completed in 1978, the economic system has seen great changes. 　　A. when B. during which C. since thenD. since when 　　17.Books bring us into the presence of the greatest minds have ever lived. 　　A. which B. who C.不填 D. that 　　18.The world is made up of matter. 　　A. in that we live B. on which we live 　　C. where we live in D. we live in 　　19.David is such a good boy all the teachers like. 　　A. that B. who C. as D. whom 　　20.Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 　　A. he explained B. what he explained 　　C. how he explained D. why he explained 　　21.He was very angry and I can still remember the way he spoke to me. 　　A. how B. that C. what D. which 　　22.That’s the new machine parts are too small to be seen. 　　A. that B. which C. whose D. what 　　23.I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ------- I met in the English speech contest last year. 　　A. who B. where C. when D. which

高中英语定语从句培训
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定语从句是高中英语的重要语法项目之一，它的结构和用法比较复杂。我们应从哪些方面有效地复习定语从句呢？下面就是我给大家带来的定语从句的用法讲解，希望大家喜欢！ [定语从句的种类] 定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是 句子 不可缺少的部分，如去掉主句意思就不完整或失去意义；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉也不会影响主句的意思。它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，一般不用that引导，关系词不可省略。如： This is the book that I want to read. （限制性） Tom’s father， who arrived just now， is a famous scientist. （非限制性） 非限制性定语从句的先行词成分可以是整个主句，非限制性定语从句常用which引导，修饰整个句子。定语从句的谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如： The weather turned out to be very good， which was more than we could expect. 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所指代的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 在定语从句中，who和that既可作主语又可作宾语，whom只可作宾语（作宾语时可以省略）。如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you？ （who/that在从句中作主语） The man （whom/who/that） you spoke to just now is our English teacher. （whom/who/that在从句中作宾语，可省略） [whose] 在定语从句中作定语，可用来指人或物，表示物时相当于“the+名词+of+which”或“of+which+the+名词”。如：John， whose wife is ill， can’t come to the party. [which & that] which和that指代的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语等。如： Please show me the radio that/which you have just bought. （that/which在从句中作宾语，可省略） This is the film that/which created a great sensation. （that/which在从句中作主语） 只能用that而不能用which的情况： 1. 先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。如：This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used. 2. 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。如：The first thing that we should do is to get some food. 3. 当先行词是anything， everything， nothing， something， few， all， none， little， some等不定代词时，或是由every， any， all， some， no， little， few， much等词修饰时。如：Tom told his father all that had happened. There is little that I can do for you. 4. 先行词既有人又有物时。如：They talked about the teachers and the schools that they knew. 5. 先行词被the only，the very，the right等修饰时。如：This is the very book that I want to have. 6. 在which，who，whom引起的问句中，为避免重复。如：Who is the girl that talked to you yesterday？ 7. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如：China is not the country that it was. 只能用which，不能用that的情况： 1. 在非限制性定语从句中。如：Beijing， which is the capital of China， has a very long histroy. 2. 在介词后面，即“介词+which（指物）”。如：This is the house in which we lived three years ago. [as] 关系代词as代替的先行词是人或物的名词， 在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。 as引导限制性定语从句时，常和such， the same， as（so）连用， 构成such ... as， the same ... as， as/so ... as等结构，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。如： Don’t trust such men as praise you to your face. （在定语从句中作主语） I have the same trouble as you have. （在定语从句作宾语） It’s as pleasant a film as I have ever seen. （在定语从句作宾语） 但是当先行词被the same修饰时，that也可以引导定语从句，但意义有所不同。the same ... as（指同样或同类的）， the same ... that（指同一个）。例如： This is the same watch as I lost. This is the same watch that I lost. as也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句或主句中的一部分，放在句首、句中或句末。如： As is known to us all， smoking is harmful to one’s health. （指代整个主句，在从句中做主语） He is late， as is often the case. （指代整个主句，在从句中做主语） Light， as everybody knows， travels much faster than sound. （指代整个主句，在从句中做宾语） as和which作关系代词的用法比较： which引导的非限定性定语从句只能放在主句之后，which指代前面的一个句子或主句中的某一成分；as引导的非限定性定语从句能放在主句之前、中、后，既可指前面已经提到的情况，也可指后面提到的情况。 as引导从句时，有“为人所熟知”的含义，which则没有这层意思。as引导的从句往往表示的是一种附加说明，which引导的从句一般是较为重要的陈述。如： His mother is ill， which makes him very sad. As is expected， the England team won the football match. [关系副词引导的定语从句] 关系副词when， where， why可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语， 相当于“介词+which”结构。例如： I’ll never forget the time when/during which we worked in the factory. This is the village where /in which he was born. I don’t know the reason why/for which she looks unhappy today. [判定用关系代词还是用关系副词] 关系代词与关系副词的选用，应看先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分：若作主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose，as等；若作状语， 就用where， when， why等关系副词。如： The reason why I’m writing is to tell you about a party on Sunday. （状语） The reason that/which he gave us sounded reasonable. （宾语） Pisa is a city， which has a leaning tower. （主语） Pisa is a city， where there is a leaning tower. （状语） [介词+关系代词] 当关系代词作介词宾语时，就出现了“介词+关系代词”的结构引导定语从句的现象。当先行词指物时用“介词+which”，指人时用“介词+whom”，且关系代词不能省略。而这种结构中较难解决的问题是介词的选择问题： 1. 介词的确定可以根据整个句意来确定。 Oxygen is a kind of gas， without which we couldn’t live. 2. 介词可以根据与先行词的搭配来确定。 He gave me the book for which he paid a lot of money. （动词与介词搭配） 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. （名词与介词搭配） The snake， of which she used to be afraid， is her favorite animal now. （形容词与介词搭配） 定语从句的用法讲解相关 文章 ： 1. 英语中as引导的定语从句的相关讲解 2. 定语从句中关系词的用法讲解 3. 英语定语从句的用法 4. 英语数词的分类和用法 5. 高中英语语法知识总结:定语从句 6. 考点初中英语定语从句的用法 7. 非限制性定语从句的用法讲解 8. 英语语法:定语从句 9. 定语从句语法知识点汇总
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