形成英语动词短语

以动词为中心的短语常见的有动词加介词,动词加副词等例如：come across,go through 介词和其他代词或名词搭配形成介词短语.1.介词：又叫前置词,一般置于名词、代词或相当于名词的词之前.一般不重读,不单独做句子成分,只表示它与后面的词于其他句子成分的关系.介词可以分为5类：1）简单介词,如about,for,from,to,on,...2）复合介词,如into,outside,upon,without,...3）二重介词,如from behind,until after,from among,...4）分词介词,如regarding,including,concerning,...5）短语介词,如along with,on behalf of,owing to,in spite of,on account of,...然后看介词短语的定义：介词和它后面的名词或相当于名词的词（介词宾语）一起构成,在句子中主要做状语、定语、表语,有时也用来构成复合宾语.比如：among young people,in English,in his early thirties,in a rage.根据这些来看,真正需要注意的应该是“短语介词”,而不是定义上的“介词短语”.

1.以break为中心的词组break away from脱离，逃离break down破坏，粉碎；瓦解；出故障，抛锚break in闯进，打断；使顺服break into闯入；强行进入；突然开始break out爆发，发生；准备使用；起锚break the law违反法律break the record破记录break one’spromise失言break up开垦，破碎；解散，分开，分解2.以catch为中心的词组be caught doing被发现做某事be caught in the rain淋雨catch a bus/train赶汽车/火车catch a cold伤风，感冒catch one’sword听懂某人的话catch sight of发现，瞥见catch up with赶上，追及，追上

1、形成 ：come into being

例句：

（1）你知道彩虹是如何形成的吗？

Do you know how a rainbow come into being?

（2）思考者“我”是怎么形成的？

How does the "I", the thinker, come into being?

2、为某事向某人道歉：apologize to sb for sth

例句：

我为我的不礼貌向你道歉。

I apologize to you for my impoliteness.

3、如果时间允许：If time permits

例句：

（1）如果时间允许的话，我会去看你。

I will go to meet you if time permits.

（2）如果时间允许，我们将把两个问题都讨论一下。

We'll discuss both questions if time permits.

4、碰巧做某事：by chance

例句：

碰巧我昨天看见了他。

I saw him yesterday by chance.

5、觉得自在：Feel at ease

例句：

稍微走动可以帮助你看起来、且实际觉得自在。

Moving a bit will help you look and feel at ease.

1．be known as／be famous as作为……而闻名be known for因……而出名be known to为……所知be known by凭……而知The hill is known for the temple．LuXun is known to us as a writer．One can be known by his words and deeds．2．be married to与……结婚She is married to a musician． ．．3．be tired of／with对……厌烦 He is tired of／with this kind of life． =He is bored with this kind of life．4．be terrified at被……吓一跳 He is terrified at the snake．5．be burdened with负重 He is burdened with a heavy load．6．be crowded with挤满 The shop is crowded with people．7．be dressed in穿着 She is dressed in red．8．be experienced in对……有经验 He is experienced in mending bikes．9．be equipped with装备 They are equipped with guns and food．10．be furnished with提供，布置 They are furnished with enough food．11．be engaged in sth从事，忙于(=be busy with sth) He has been engaged in writing novels．12．be engaged to与……订婚 My daughter is engaged to a nice doctor．13．be about to do sth．正要做…… I was just about to go swimming when our guide saw me and stopped me．14．be fit to do／be fit for胜任；适合于 He is fit to do the work． These books are not fit for children．15．be worth doing值得做…… The film is worth seeing again．16．be proud of以……而自影骄傲I am proud of being a Chinese．17．be used to sth．／doing sth．习惯于……My grandpa is not used to living in the noisy city18．be content to do sth．／with… 甘愿于干……；满足于……I am content with your work this time．19．be content with对……感到满意You should be content with what you have20．be up to应由……，轮到……It's up to her to answer the question．21．be meant／intended for打算给，打算用作Is this valuable painting meant for me?22．be connected with与……有联系He was also connected with the government．23．be crazy about对……狂热Many young people are crazy about Hip-Hop．二、动词break构成的短语动词1．break out爆发 The Anti—Japanese War broke out in 1937．2．break in打断；闯入 Two robbers broke in and robbed the bank of a lot of money．3.break into闯入；破门而入They broke into the uncle’s bedroom and found the man lying on the floor。dead．4．break away from脱离 Lincoln said it was not fight for the south to break away from the union．5．break down(机器，车辆)坏了；失败了；摧毁；分解We are sorry to arrive late．but the car broke down．6．break through突破The marchers broke through the line of the police．7．break off折断；中断；断绝Let’s break off for half an hour and have some tea．8．break up驱散，拆散The police broke up the crowd．三、动词carry构成的短语动词1．carry on进行He had learned enough English to carry on a conversation2．carry out执行；进行They were carrying out an important experiment．3．carry away拿走Please carry these desks away．4．carry off夺走，抢走Some unknown man carried off the prize四、动词call构成的短语动词1．call on拜访某人，号召We will call on Mr．Li tomorrow．We are called on to help those in trouble．2．call at拜访某地I called at your office yesterday, but you were not in3．call for需要；要求；邀约(人)；取(物)Success called for hard work．call for a doctor去请医生4.call in 请来;收回 Mother is badly i11．so call in a doctor at once．5．call up打电话；征召；回想起 I called Tom up and told him the news． In most countries men are called up at the age of 18． As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village called up scenes of my childhood． 五、动词catch，hold构成的短语动词1．catch／take／get hold of sth．抓住某物 Catch／Get／Take hold of the rope．and I'll pull you up．2．catch up with赶上 Work hard and I gin sure you are able to catch up with others in class．3．catch fire着火；烧着 Last night a big building caught fire．4．catch sight of发现；看到 When the mice caught sight of the cat，the mice run away as quickly as possible．5．hold up举起；阻滞(交通等)；耽搁 He held up one of his fingers and showed it to the class． In the rush hour the traffic is hold up．，．6．hold back阻止；控制 We must hold them back from fighting．7．hold one’s breath憋住气，屏息 How long can you hold your breath under water?8 hold out坚持；拿出 We must hold out until help comes．六、动词come构成的短语动词1．come into…进入……状态 come into being(事物、局面等)产生；形成 The custom came into being long long ago．2．come along过来；快点 Come along! It’s nearly eight o'clock．3．come out出来；出版 How did the printing come out?4．come true实现 I am sure your dream will come true one day．5．come back to life苏醒过来 When the wounded soldier came back to life，he found himself in hospital．6．come to the point说到要点，触及问题实质7．come about发生，造成 The event came about as he had predicted it．8．come across碰见 You’re the most beautiful woman I've ever come across． 同义词组：run across I came across an old friend in the street．9．come to all end结束 Your duties here have come to an end．10．come to light为人所知，显露The robbery didn’t come to light until the next day11．come up with提出，想出He came up with a new suggestion七、动词do构成的短语动词1．do well in在某方面做得好My cousin is a sailor and he is doing very well in the navy2．do good to对……有好处Doing morning exercises will do good to your health．3．do harm to对……有害处Too much noise does harm to our health．4．do with处理What did you do with our goods?5．do sb．a favour帮某人的忙Will you do me a favour to carry it upstairs?6．do up系纽扣；梳理Look，your bottom isn’t done up．do up one’s hair梳理头发八、动词get构成的短语动词1．get in touch with同……取得联系2．get up起床He gets up very early every day．3．get back回来；取回1 will get back next weekend．4．get on上车You shouldn’t get on the bus until it has stopped completely5．get over克服；度过You’ll soon get over these difficulties．6．get off下车The bus stopped and the passengers got off．7．Get together相聚We should go to a restaurant to get together．8．get on／along well with与……相处融洽I am getting on well with my classmates．9．get into进人；陷入Don’t get into the habit of smoking．10．get into trouble陷入麻烦11．get in a word插话12．get rid of除掉We aye doing our best to get rid of pollution．13．get through通过；接通；完成；经历I tried to telephone you but I couldn’t get through．1 will be with you as soon as I get through this work14．get to到达He had to get to the other side of street to attend a meeting15．get about／around／round传开，传出去 The news of the disaster soon get about．16．get across使理解 The teacher tried to explain the problem，but the explanation did not get across to the class． 17．get away离开1 was in a meeting and couldn’t get away．18．get down to(doing)sth．安心做，开始认真干You must get down to your studies this year．九、动词give构成的短语动词1．give up放弃I persuaded him to give up the foolish plan．2．give in屈服；投降He wouldn’t give in to the enemy．3．give out用完；耗尽Our food and water will give out soon．4．get out of从……出来，摆脱，He got out of debt．5．give away分发；捐赠；泄露He gave away most of his fortune to the poor workPlease don’t give my secret away．6．give off放出This engine gives off lots of smoke and steam7．give back归还；恢复Living here has given me back my health．十、动词go构成的短语动词1．go ahead继续；干吧He went ahead with the work and got it done．一May I use your phone? ---Certainly．Go ahead．2．go by(时间)过去；经过(地点)Don’t let the good chance go by．3．go out(灯、火)熄灭When they arrived，the fire had gone out．4．go on(doing)继续做某事Please go on with your work．5．go on to do sth．接着做另外的事He went on to watch TV after he had finished his home一6．go over检查；复习 When I came into the teacher's room，our teacher is going over our homework．7．go through完成；通过；经历；仔细检察 During the night the computers go through the information． She went through one hardship after another． Mother went through the drawer looking for the sweater． I've gone through too much money this week．8．go all out(=try／do one’s best)竭尽全力 They went all out to build the dam．9．go about开始着手，到处走动，传开 How does one go about getting the information．10．go against违背 They are going against our wishes．11．go back回家，追溯 This festival goes back to Roman times．12．go for运用于，应用于’ The medicine went for nothing．13．go in for参加，爱好 She went in for a singing competition．14．go with相配 I want some shoes to go with these trousers．15．go without不吃／喝／用 The poor boy often has to go without supper．16．go beyond超过 That’s going beyond a joke．17．go up上升，上涨 The goods have gone up in quality．18．go down下降，降沉，下沉 The moon has gone down．

介词短语可以表示时间、地点、方式、原因等,它可以作如下的成分：1、用作表语,如：The book is on the desk. 书在桌子上.He is at home. 他在家.He is above forty. 他有四十多岁了.The story is about his own life. 故事讲的是他自己的生活.2、用作定语,如：The book on the desk is a copy of interesting novel. 桌子上的那本书是一本有趣的小说.The students in Class One like playing football. 一班的那几个学生喜欢踢足球.He told us the reason for being late. 他给我们说了来晚的原因.The distance to my school is about a mile. 到我们学校的距离大约是一英里.3、用作状语,如：Don’t stand against the door. 别靠门站着.There is a new bridge across the river. 河上有一座新桥.Please do it in this way. 请按这种办法做.We sell goods at fixed prices. 我们按定价售货.

动词短语就是有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语（以动词为中心），表达一个概念，其作用和一个单独动词差不多的一种固定搭配。在实际使用中，通常会把动词短语当成一个整体。

名词性短语是指语法功能相当于名词的一类短语。名词性短语一般可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

介词短语，是介词和其它代词或名词或词组搭配形成的短语。该短语主要是用来表示词与词， 词与句之间的关系。

扩展资料：

动词短语的搭配可分为下列六种基本类型：

1、动词+副词

作及物动词，例：He brought up his children strictly．作不及物动词，例：Something unexpected has turned up．出现了令人意外的情况。

既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，例：The barrel of gunpowder blew up．火药桶爆炸了。

2、动词+介词

动词与介词构成的词组在词义上相当于一个及物动词，宾语总是在介词后面，例：I don’t much care for television．我不很喜欢电视。

3、动词+副词+介词

在这类动词短语中，动词、副词、介词紧密结合，是动副词组和动介词组的合成体，词义上相当于一个及物动词。它兼有以上两类动词短语的特点，但宾语总是位于介词之后，例：We must work hard to make up for lost time．我们必须努力工作来弥补失去的时间。

4、动词+名词

这类动词短语中的常见动词是have，take，give，make等，后面的名词通常是从动词转化而来的动作名词，并表达了短语动词的真正意义，例：Let’s have another try．让我们再试一下。

5、动词+名词+介词

这类动词短语只用作及物动词。名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语总是位于介词之后，例：Keep an eye on the baby while I am out．我不在家时请照看一下小孩子。

6、be+形容词+介词

be+形容词（包括过去分词作形容词）+介词相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后面，形容词是短语动词的真正词义，例：I know he is slow at understanding，but you have to be patient with him．我知道他理解力差，但你得对他耐心些。

参考资料：

百度百科-动词短语

百度百科-名词性短语

百度百科-介词短语

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