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幸福的小萝卜

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Of all the traditional Chinese festivals, the new Year was perhaps the most elaborate, colorful, and important. This was a time for the Chinese to congratulate each other and themselves on having passed through another year, a time to finish out the old, and to welcome in the new year. Common expression_s heard at this time are: GUONIAN to have made it through the old year, and BAINIAN to congratulate the new year. 众多中国传统节日中,春节或许是最隆重盛大,富有色彩,最重要的节日了。这是一个中国人共同欢度,庆祝过去的一年,辞旧迎新的节日。春节里常听到的话是:过年,意思是辞去过去的一年;拜年,意思是庆祝新的一年。Like all Chinese festivals, the date of the New Year is determined by the lunar calendar rather than the Western calendar. Its origin is too old to be traced, but many believe the word Nian, which means "year", was the name of a beast that preyed on people on the eve of a new year. 像中国其他节日一样,新年的日期是是由农历而不是公历决定的。它历史久远,已经无法追溯。然而大家大都相信“年”这个词,是一种怪兽的名字,它在每年的除夕夜里出来捕食人。In one legend, the beast, Nian, had the power to swallow up all the people in a village in one big bite. Village people were very scared of Nian. One day, an old man came to the villagers' rescue, offering to subdue Nian. The old man asked Nian, "I know you can swallow people, but can you swallow other beasts of prey instead of people who are by no means your worthy opponents?"Nian accepted the old man's challenge and swallowed the beasts that had harassed the villagers and their farm animals for years. At the end of the legend, the old man disappeared riding off on Nian. In this legend, the old man turned out to be an immortal god. In the end, Nian is gone and the other beasts of prey are scared into hiding in the forests. The villagers can once again enjoy their peaceful life. 传说中,“年”这个怪兽,有能力一口吞掉一个村庄的人。人们都很害怕“年”。一天,一位老人帮村民们征服了“年”。他对“年”说:“我听说你很有能耐,但你能否把地球上其它的野兽都吃掉,而不是这些根本不是你对手的人类呢?”“年”接受了老人的挑战,若干年里吃掉了好多害人和捕食农场动物的野兽。传说的结尾,老人骑着怪兽“年”消失了。原来传说中的这个老人是一位神仙。最后,怪兽“年”被赶走了,其他捕食的野兽也都吓得躲进了森林。村民们又过上了平静的日子。The legend goes on to say before the old man left, he told the villagers to put red paper decorations on their windows and doors at each year's end in order to keep Nian away. It is believed Nian is afraid of the color red. 传说里讲,那位老人离开前告诉村民,每年年末都要在门窗上贴上装饰的红纸来吓唬“年”,还让年走的远远的。人们认为“年”最怕的颜色是红色。From then on,the tradition of observing the conquest of Nian is carried on from generation to generation. The term "Guo Nian", which means "Survive the Nian" became "Celebrate the Year" and the word "guo" in Chinese means both "pass over" and "observe". 从那以后,庆祝征服“年”的传统就一代一代传下来了。“过年”(征服怪兽“年”,得以生存)现在演变成“庆祝新年”。“过”这个词在中文里面既包含“逾越,度过”又包含“庆祝”的意思。The custom of putting up red paper and lighting firecrackers to scare away Nian continues today. 贴红纸条,燃放爆竹吓跑怪兽“年”的风俗习惯一直延续到今天。As part of the the Chinese New Year celebration, people buy presents, decorations, special foods and new clothing. Railroad stations throughout China are filled with travelers who take their vacation days around New Year to return home for a family reunion.作为新年庆祝活动的一部分,人们买礼物,装饰品,特色食品和新衣裳。贯通中国的铁路,承载着爆满的旅客,旅客们都赶着回老家过春节假期,与佳人团聚。Days before the New Year celebration, Chinese families are busy giving their home a thorough cleaning. It is believed the cleaning sweeps away bad luck and makes the house ready for good luck to enter. All brooms and dust pans are put away on New Year's Eve so good luck cannot be swept away. 春节的前些天,人们忙对屋子进行一番彻底地打扫,人们认为大扫除可以驱除坏运气,然后腾出地方来让好运气进到屋里面。除夕夜人们把扫帚和簸箕(装垃圾用的)都收起来放好,这样好运气就不会被赶跑了。In many homes, doors and windowpanes get a new coat of red paint. The home is decorated with paper-cuts and poems called couplets of "happiness", "wealth", "longevity" and "satisfactory marriage with children". 家家户户的门和窗上都帖上了红对子,屋子里也用剪纸和对联装饰着,对联大多是这样的内容,--“幸福”“发财”“长寿”“婚姻和美,儿孙满堂”。The New Year's Eve supper is a feast with all the members of the family getting together. One popular food is "jiaozi" which are dumplings boiled in water. After dinner, the whole family stays up all night playing cards, board games or watching TV programs dedicated to the New Year's celebration. Lights in the house are kept on during the whole night. At midnight, the sky is lit up by fireworks which symbolize the sending out of the old year and the welcoming in of the new year. 新年的年夜饭是一场家里人团聚的盛宴,最受欢迎的食物是“饺子”,在沸水里煮熟了吃。晚饭过后,全家人彻夜不睡,打牌,桌面游戏,看春节联欢晚会。除夕之夜屋里彻夜通明,午夜时分,天空中燃放烟花爆竹,象征着送走过去的一年,迎来新的一年。The public holiday for New Year lasts 3 days in China , but the festival traditionally lasts till the 15th day of the lunar month and ends with Lantern Festival. Here , houses are decorated with colorful lanterns, and yuanxiao is eaten. 在中国,新年的公共假期有三天,但传统上春节一直要持续到正月十五,即元宵节后结束。这时房子用各式各样的灯笼装饰起来,大家又开始吃元宵了。Chinese New Year customs vary from place to place in China because China is a big country geographically, demographically and ethnically. But the spirit underlying the diverse celebrations of the New Year is the same, a sincere wish of peace and happiness for family members and friends. 中国新年的习俗因地域不同而有所改变,因为中国幅员辽阔,人口、种族众多。但是不同形式的庆祝新年,最根本的思想,是希望家庭成员以及亲朋好友能幸福平安!

舞狮的传说英语

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chengongsc

舞狮是我国优秀的民间艺术。每逢佳节或集会庆典,民间都以舞狮来助兴、舞狮有南北之分,南方以广东的舞狮表演最为有名。狮子是由彩布条制作而成的。每头狮子有两个人合作表演,一人舞头,一人舞尾。表演者在锣鼓音乐下,装扮成狮子的样子,做出狮子的各种形态动作。在表演过程中,舞狮者要以各种招式来表现南派武功,非常富有阳刚之气。舞狮子,是我国优秀的民间艺术,每逢元宵佳节或集会庆典,民间都以狮舞前来助兴,而狮舞的技艺却是引自西凉的“假面戏”,也有人认为狮舞是五世纪时产生于军队,后来传入民间的。两种说法都各有依据,今天已很难判断其是非。不过,唐代时狮舞已成为盛行于宫廷、军旅、民间的一项活动。唐段安节《乐府杂寻》中说:“戏有五方狮子,高丈余,各衣五色,每一狮子,有十二人,戴红抹额,衣画衣,执红拂子,谓之狮子郎,舞太平乐曲。”诗人白居易《西凉伎》诗中对此有生动的描绘:“西凉伎,西凉伎,假面胡人假狮子。刻木为头丝作尾,金镀眼睛银帖齿。奋迅毛衣摆双耳,如从流沙来万里。”诗中描述的是当时舞狮的情景。在一千多年的发展过程中,狮舞形成了南北两种小狮一人舞,大狮由双人舞,一人站立舞狮头,一人弯腰舞狮身和狮尾。舞狮人全身披包狮被,下穿和狮身相同毛色的绿狮裤和金爪蹄靴,人们无法辨认舞狮人的形体,它的外形和真狮极为相似。引狮人以古代武士装扮,手握旋转绣球,配以京锣、鼓钹、逗引瑞狮。狮子在“狮子郎”的引导下,表演腾翻、扑跌、跳跃、登高、朝拜等技巧,并有走梅花桩、窜桌子、踩滚球等高难度动作。南派狮舞以表演“文狮”为主,表演时讲究表情,有搔痒、抖毛、舔毛等动作,惟妙惟肖,逗人喜爱,也有难度较大的吐球等技巧。南狮虽也是双人舞,但舞狮人下穿灯笼裤,上面仅仅披着一块彩色的狮被而舞。和北狮不同的是“狮子郎”头戴大头佛面具,身穿长袍,腰束彩带,手握葵扇而逗引狮子,以此舞出各种优美的招式,动作滑稽风趣。南狮流派众多,有清远、英德的“鸡公狮”,广州、佛山的“大头狮”,高鹤、中山的“鸭嘴狮”,东莞的“麒麟狮”等。南狮除外形不同外,尚有性格不同。白须狮舞法幅度不宽、花色品种不多,但沉着刚健,威严有力,民间称为“刘备狮”。狮子为百兽之尊,形象雄伟俊武,给人以威严、勇猛之感。古人将它当作勇敢和力量的象征,认为它能驱邪镇妖、保佑人畜平安。所以人们逐渐形成了在元宵节时及其他重大活动里舞狮子的习俗,以祈望生活吉祥如意,事事平安。

212 评论(15)

盛笑笑shamir

舞狮子,是我国优秀的民间艺术,每逢元宵佳节或集会庆典,民间都以狮舞前来助兴。这一习俗起源於三国时期,南北朝时开始流行,至今已有一千多年的历史。据传说,它最早是从西域传入的,狮子是文殊菩萨的坐骑,随著佛教传入中国,舞狮子的活动也输入中国。狮子是汉武帝派张骞出使西域后,和孔雀等一同带回的贡品。而狮舞的技艺却是引自西凉的"假面戏",也有人认为狮舞是五世纪时产生於刘宋的军队,后来传人民间的。两种说法都各有依据,今天已很难判断其是非。不过,唐代时狮舞已成为盛行於宫廷、军旅、民间的一项活动。唐段安节《乐府杂寻》中说:"戏有五方狮子,高丈余,各衣五色,每一狮子,有十二人,戴红抹额,衣画衣,执红拂子,谓之狮子郎,舞太平乐曲。"诗人白居易《西凉伎》诗中对此有生动的描绘:"西凉伎,西凉伎,假面胡人假狮子。刻木为头丝作尾,金镀眼睛银帖齿。奋迅毛衣摆双耳,如从流沙来万里。"诗中描述的是当时舞狮的情景。在一千多年的发展过程中,狮舞形成了南北两种表演风格。北派狮舞以表演"武狮"为主,即魏武帝钦定的北魏"瑞狮"。小狮一人舞,大狮由双人舞,一人站立舞狮头,一人弯腰舞狮身和狮尾。舞狮人全身披包狮被,下穿和狮身相同毛色的绿狮裤和金爪蹄靴,人们无法辨认舞狮人的形体,它的外形和真狮极为相似。引狮人以古代武士装扮,手握旋转绣球,配以京锣、鼓钹、逗引瑞狮。狮子在"狮子郎"的引导下,表演腾翻、扑跌、跳跃、登高、朝拜等技巧,并有走梅花桩、窜桌子、踩滚球等高难度动作。南派狮舞以表演"文狮"为主,表演时讲究表情,有搔痒、抖毛、舔毛等动作,惟妙惟肖,逗人喜爱,也有难度较大的吐球等技巧。南狮以广东为中心,并风行於港澳,东南亚侨乡。南狮虽也是双人舞,但舞狮人下穿灯笼裤,上面仅仅披著一块彩色的狮被而舞。和北狮不同的是"狮子郎"头戴大头佛面具,身穿长袍,腰束彩带,手握葵扇而逗引狮子,以此舞出各种优美的招式,动作滑稽风趣。南狮流派众多,有清远、英德的"鸡公狮",广州、佛山的"大头狮",高鹤、中山的"鸭嘴狮",东莞的"麒麟狮"等。南狮除外形不同外,尚有性格不同。白须狮舞法幅度不宽、花色品种不多,但沉著刚健,威严有力,民间称为"刘备狮"。黑须红面狮,人称"关公狮",舞姿勇猛而雄伟,气概非凡。灰白胡须狮,动作粗犷好战,俗称"张飞狮"。狮子为百兽之尊,形象雄伟俊武,给人以威严、勇猛之感。古人将它当作勇敢和力量的象徵,认为它能驱邪镇妖、保佑人畜平安。所以人们逐渐形成了在元宵节时及其他重大活动裏舞狮子的习俗,以祈望生活吉样如意,事事平安。

213 评论(13)

密果儿颖颖

舞狮是一种中国民间传统表演艺术。表演者在锣鼓音乐下,装扮成狮子的样子,作出狮子的各种形态动作。中国民俗传统,认为舞狮可以驱邪辟鬼。故此每逢喜庆节日,例如新张庆典、迎春赛会等,都喜欢打锣打鼓,舞狮助庆。舞狮亦跟随著华人移居海外而闻名世界,马来西亚、新加坡等地相当盛行舞狮。但中国大陆的民间舞狮实际已经日渐减少。聚居欧美的海外华人亦组成不少醒狮会,每年的春节或重大喜庆,他们都会在世界各地舞狮庆祝。 舞狮起源众说不一。神话传说是以前山中出现狮子,吃掉村庄内的村民,后来村民学会武功,格毙狮子,村民模仿狮子的形态而成为舞狮;亦有神话版本说是如来佛把狮子引走,因此南狮中常有“大头佛”引领狮子。亦有传说有村民以纸扎狮子及锣鼓驱走年兽,演化成为舞狮。 较为可靠的说法是:中国本身没有狮子,在中华文化中,“狮”本来是和“龙”、“麒麟”一样都只是神话中的动物。到了汉朝时,才首次有少量真狮子从西域传入,当时的人模仿其外貎、动作作戏,至三国时发展成舞狮;南北朝时随佛教兴起而开始盛行。史书中,《汉书礼乐志》中提到“象人”,据三国时的解释,就是扮演“鱼、虾、狮”的艺人。到了唐朝,舞狮是大型宫廷舞蹈表演的一种。当时的“太平乐”亦称为“五方狮子舞”。白居易的诗中描述狮子舞:“假面胡人假面狮,刻木为头丝作尾,金镀眼睛银作齿,奋迅毛衣摆双耳”,可见当时的舞狮跟今日我们所见的已十分相似。 今天的舞狮主要分南狮、北狮两种。最初北狮在长江以北较为流行;而南狮则是流行华南,南洋及海外。近年亦有将二者溶合的舞法,主要是用南狮的狮子,北狮的步法,称为"南狮北舞"!

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