防洪灌溉英语

灌溉农田英语为：Irrigate the fields。

一、定义

为地补充作物所需水分的技术措施。为了保证作物正常生长，获取高产稳产，必须供给作物以充足的水分。在自然条件下，往往因降水量不足或分布的不均匀，不能满足作物对水分要求。因此，必须人为地进行灌溉，以补天然降雨之不足。

灌溉，即用水浇地。灌溉原则是灌溉量、灌溉次数和时间要根据药用植物需水特性、生育阶段、气候、土壤条件而定，要适时、适量，合理灌溉。其种类主要有播种前灌水、催苗灌水、生长期灌水及冬季灌水等。

二、方式

1、滴灌

滴灌是一种用水滴来向土壤浇水的常用灌溉方式，能够满足一些农作物对于浇水方式的需求，滴灌的实现原理是使用低压管道系统溶于溶解了化肥的水有规律有速度的慢慢滴到农作物根部土壤中。

滴灌灌溉的好处是能够节省水资源，灌溉的时候使用的水比较少，而且它的水管都埋藏在地下面，所以可以腾出沟渠的使用占地空间，将肥料溶于水中一起浇灌给作物能够减少肥料的流失，减少土壤板结的问题，为我们节省了大量的水资源。

2、喷灌

喷灌是采用了压力喷射的模式，利用压力来将水喷射到需要浇水的土地上方，然后形成一颗颗小水滴，再因为重力的作用而垂直往下散落到土地中实现水源灌溉。

3、智能灌溉

智能灌溉其实就是自动化灌溉，是根据土壤的湿度来实现灌溉的，设备通过土壤湿度传感器，可以实时监测到土壤的水分信息，当土壤水分低于标准值，系统就自动打开灌溉设备，为农田灌溉，当土壤水分达到标准值，系统就自动关闭灌溉设备。

Few creations of big technology capture the imagination.极少数的大技术创作能捕捉到想象力Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.或许是因为长久以来人类遭受洪水和干旱致使利用水利去达到我们想象的目的变得那么遥不可及。 But to be fascinated is also,sometimes, to be blind. 但是有时心驰神往蒙蔽人们双眼Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.有些宏伟大坝建设得弊大于利The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. 从中我们吸取到得教训是大不一定就美It doesn't help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. 修建一个宏伟的大坝来象征国家的成就及民族的信心毫无意义Egypt's leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. 埃及在阿拉伯国家中的统治地位是通过阿斯旺大坝的建立来彰显的Turkey's bid for First World status includes the Ataturk Dam.土耳其进驻世界第一流国家的筹码包括埃塔图尔克大坝的建立。But big dams tend not to work as intended.但是这些大坝的功用并未按照意愿体现 The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left---all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.就拿阿斯旺大坝来说，它并未阻止尼罗河的大水却在大水过后卷走了肥沃的盐分导致一个高盐分的疾病储藏库，周围寸草不生。And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists.然而控制河水仍是一个谜团 This weel, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube.在高度文明的欧洲中部，这样的实例还发生在斯洛伐克和匈牙利之间。为争夺多瑙河上的大坝因其无力送资而告终。 The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems og big dams. 这些所有的情结大概都和大坝有关。But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.但是斯洛伐克旨在于从捷克独立，现在需要有一个可以证明其实力的大坝Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go-ahead to the even more wrong-headed Narmada Dam. 然而，在印度世界银行却给了一个错误引导修建的那曼达大坝一个通行令。And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction.并且在不顾顾问们指出大坝会导致断电和环境污染的情况下，银行下此决定 。The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.好处当然是彰显实力但是它们毫无保障Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. 正确的和科学的对大坝受力和对工程的预算及控制水势的研究有利于解决争端。Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. 在不修建宏伟大坝的情况下也可以利用水势发电，防洪和灌溉。But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific.但是当你在面对这些疑团时，很难保持一个正确科学的态度。 It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. 世界人民都应向阿斯旺大坝事件中吸取教训You don't need a dam to be saved. 并不需要大坝才可以得以幸存。