英语论文正式用语

使用非常正式的书面语词汇 使用非常正式的书面语词汇 英文合同属于法律文体,即“庄重文体”(frozen style)或正式文体,是各种英语文体中规范程度最高的一种,其用语通常正式保守。合同用词通常选择意义明确、不含歧义的词语,以免引起不必要的误解或纠纷。合同英语有着严肃的风格,合同用词不以大众是否理解和接受为转移,它是合同语言准确表达的保障。因此英文合同的正式、严谨还体现在合同中使用大量的书面语词汇。例如Submit, confirm, endorse, abide by, maintain, promote等词都是非常正式的书面语词汇。这些词比较正式,庄重,在其它文体中较少使用,没有什么联想意义,词义明确,符合合同这一文体对语言严谨的要求。此外,英文合同中常使用以下词汇(括号中的词是常用词汇,一般不出现在合同中):amend(change, correct)“修改”,assist (help)“帮助”, advise(tell)“通知”, commence (begin或start)“开始”,employ(use)“使用”, cease to do (stop doing) “停止做”, convene (hold, call ) “召开”, construe(explain, interpret)“解释”, deem (think, believe,consider )“认为”, render (give)“给予,提供”,rescind (cancel)“撤消”, terminate(end)“终止”, partake in(join) “参与”, require(ask)“要求”, surrender(give)“递交”, consent (agreement)“同意”, indemnities (compensation )“赔偿”, conveyance (transfer of real estate) “不动产转让”, prior to(before)“在……之前”,provided that(but)“但是”, in accordance with(according to)“按照”,by virtue of (due to, because of )“因为”, as regards/concerning/relating to (about )“关于”, in effect (in fact) “事实上”, miscellaneous (other matters) “其他事项”, pursuant to (according to )“依照/按照”等。这些正式的词语使合同这种法律性文件显得郑重、严肃,表现出法律的威严。例如:8. At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment.(应乙方要求,甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。) 此句中assist 较 help 正式;9. The Employer shall render correct technical guidance to the personnel.(雇主应该对有关人员给予正确技术指导。)此句中render 较 give 正式;10. This Contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of China.(本合同受中国法律管辖,并按中国法律解释。)此句子中construe 较 explain, interpret 正式。