七年级英语过去式

一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：then,at that time,at that moment,just now,just then , recently,yesterday,yesterday morning(afternoon,evening),last night, last week(month,year,Sunday,January);during the war,a few days(months,years)ago,in 1978,on the evening of May 4,at 9:00等。也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often,always等表示频度的时间状语连用。例如：一般过去式的在句中是由动词的过去式来体现。1．一般过去时的肯定句：I got up at 6:30 yesterday.昨天我六点三十分才起床。My father was at work yesterday afternoon.我父亲昨天下午在工作。He always went to work by bus last year.去年他一直乘公共汽车上班。2．一般过去时的否定句：He didn’t get up at 6:30 yesterday.My father was not at work yesterday afternoon.They didn’t go to work by bus last week.3．一般过去时的一般疑问句及其简略回答：Did he get up at 6:30 yesterday? Yes,he did./No,he didn’t.Was your father at work yesterday afternoon? Yes,he was./No,he wasn’t.Did they go to work by bus last week? Yes,they did./No,they didn’t. 规则动词过去式的构成有四点：1. 一般在动词原形末尾直接加-ed。如：look→looked, play→played, start→started.2. 如果单词是以e结尾的动词，只要加-d。如：live→lived, hope→hoped, use→used.3. 如果单词是重读音节，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写最后的这个辅音字母，然后再加-ed。如： stop→stopped, plan→planned, trip→tripped.4. 如果单词是“辅音字母+y” 结尾的动词，先将“y”变为“i”，再加-ed。如： study→studied, carry→carried, worry→worried.不规则动词过去式:bring（过去式）----brought拿来；取来；带来buy（过去式）----bought购买；买come（过去式）----came来；来到draw（过去式）----drew画find（过去式）----found寻找；查找get（过去式）----got得到；带来know（过去式）----knew知道；了解learn（过去式）----learned/learnt学习；学；学会make（过去式）----made制作；使得；迫使put（过去式）----put摆；放；安置run（过去式）----ran跑；奔跑say（过去式）----said说；讲sell（过去式）----sold卖；售；销sing（过去式）----sang唱；唱歌speak（过去式）----spoke说；说话swim（过去式）----swam游泳take（过去式）----took拿走；带到tell（过去式）----told告诉；讲述think（过去式）----thought想；思考understand（过去式）----understood懂得；了解；获悉wake（过去式）----woke醒；醒来；唤醒wear（过去式）----wore穿戴；佩戴write（过去式）----wrote书写pay （过去式）----paid付钱 （名词）付钱；薪金sleep（过去式）----slept睡；睡觉give（过去式）----gave给予；让予；交付go（过去式）----went去，到spend（过去式）----spent度过；消磨（时间）read （过去式）----read看，读see (过去式)----saw看见，见到sit（过去式）----sat坐，坐下ride（过去式）----rode乘

am－wasneed-neededline-linedfollow-followedlearn-learnedopen-openedlook-lookedlike-likedsing-sangcall-calleddance-danceduse-used改动词原形中的aw/ow为ew,变成过去式。如:draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:get—got,forget—forgot5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。A.原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.cost----cost----costcut----cut----cutput----put----putlet----let----letset----set----sethit----hit----hitshut----shut----shuthurt---hurt----hurtread---read----read读音/e/lie---lied---lied说谎lay---laid---laid放置，下蛋la2.动词原形中的e为o，变成过去式和过去分词。get----got----gotsell----sold----soldtell----told----told3.动词原形中i为a,…sit----sat----satspit----spat----spat4.动词原形中i为o,…win----won----wonshine----shone/shined----shone/shined5.动词原形中an为oo,…stand----stood---stoodunderstand----understood----understood6.动词原形中的ay为ai,…say----said----saidpay----paid----paid7.a）动词原形中的d为t,…send----sent----sentlend----lent----lentspend----spent----spentbuild----built----builtb)动词原形最后一个字母改为t,…smell----smelt----smeltlose----lost----lostc)动词原形后加一个字母t,…learn----learnt----learntmean----meant----meant读音/e/d)动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e,然后在词尾加t.字母e发音/e/feel----felt----feltsleep----slept----sleptsweep---swept----sweptkeep----kept-----kept其它meet----met----methave----had----hadhold----held----heldmake----made----madedig----dug----dughear----heard----heardfind----found----foundhang----hung----hungC.原型与过去分词相同come----came----comerun----ran----runbecome----became----becomeD.原形，过去式，和过去分词完全不同1.把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式，改成u变成过去分词．begin----began-----begundrink---drank----drunkring----rang-----rungswim----swam----swumsing----sang----sung2.把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式，在原形词尾加n变成过去分词．blow----blew----blowngrow----grew----grownknow---knew---knownthrow----threw----thrownfly----flew/flu:/----flown(和以上相似)3.以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾，故把它们分为一类．a)把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式，在词尾加n变成过去分词．drive----drove----drivenrise---rose---risenwrite---wrote---written(双写t)ride----rode----ridden(双写d)b)把动词原形中ea改为o,在词尾加e变成过去式，在过去式后加n变成过去分词．speak----spoke----spokensteal----stole----stolenbreak----broke----brokenc)把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式,在过去式后加n变成过去分词．wake----woke----wokenfreeze----froze----frozenchoose----chose----chosenforget----forgot----forgotten（双写t，加en）d)其它过去分词以en结尾的动词eat----ate----eatenbeat----beat----beatenfall----fell----fallengive----gave----givensee----saw----seentake----took----takenmistake----mistook-----mistakenhide----hid----hidden（双写d）E.没有过去分词的动词can-----could－may----might－shall----should－will----would－其它am,is----was-----beenare-----were-----beendo-----did-----donedraw-----drew-----drawn／:／go-----went-----goneshow----showed----shownwear---wore----worny---lain躺下，位于，平放cost（花费）costcostcut（割）cutcuthit（打）hithithurt伤害）hurthurtlet（让）letletput（放）putputread（读）readread(2)AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）beat（跳动）beatbeaten(3)ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）become（变成）becamebecomecome（来）camecomerun（跑）ranrun(4)ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）dig（挖）dugdugget（得到）gotgothang（吊死）hangedhangedhang（悬挂）hunghunghold（抓住）heldheldshine（照耀）shoneshonesit（坐）satsatwin（赢）wonwonmeet（遇见）metmetkeep（保持）keptkeptsleep（睡）sleptsleptsweep（扫）sweptsweptfeel（感觉）feltfeltsmell（闻）smeltsmeltleave（离开）leftleftbuild（建设）builtbuiltlend（借出）lentlentsend（传送)sentsentspend（花费）spentspentlose（丢失）lostlostburn（燃烧）burntburntlearn（学习）learntlearntmean（意思是）meantmeantcatch（抓住）caughtcaughtteach（教）taughttaughtbring（带来）broughtbroughtfight（战斗）foughtfoughtbuy（买）boughtboughtthink（想）thoughtthoughthear（听见）heardheardsell（卖）soldsoldtell（告诉）toldtoldsay（说）saidsaidfind（找到）foundfoundhave/has（有）hadhadmake（制造）mademadestand（站）stoodstoodunderstand明白understoodunderstood(5)ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）begin（开始）beganbegundrink（喝）drankdrunkring（铃响）rangrungsing（唱）sangsungswim（游泳）swamswumblow（吹）blewblowndraw（画）drewdrawnfly（飞）flewflowngrow（生长）grewgrownknow（知道）knewknownthrow（投掷）threwthrownshow（出示）showedshownbreak（打破）brokebrokenchoose（选择）chosechosenforget（忘记）forgotforgotten(forgot)speak（说，讲）spokespokenwake（醒）wokewokedrive（驾驶）drovedriveneat（吃）ateeatenfall（落下）fellfallengive（给）gavegivenrise（升高）roserisentake（取）tooktakenmistake（弄错）mistookmistakenride（骑）roderiddenwrite（写）wrotewrittendo（做）diddonego（去）wentgonelie（平躺）laylainsee（看见）sawseenwear（穿）worewornbe(am,is,are)（是）was,werebeen

1 salesgirl n 女售货员 2 far adj & adv 远的(地) 3 beautiful adj 美丽的,漂亮的 4 together adv 一起 5 autumn n 秋天,秋季 6 festival n & adj 节日(的),喜庆(的) 7 ninth num &adj 第九(的) 8 free adj 自由的,空闲的 9 mid-autumn n 中秋 10 mooncake n 月饼 11 nut n 坚果,坚果核 12 sweet adj 甜的,可爱的 13 inside prep 在...里面 14 store n (美)商店,大百货公司 15 come over phr. 过来,顺便来访 16 thanksgiving n 感谢,感恩 17 Thanksgiving=Thanksgiving Day phr. 感恩节 18 get together phr. 相聚 19 October n. 十月 20 taste v 品尝,有...味道 21 pie n (用肉或水果做成的)馅饼 22 outside prep & adv 在...外 23 in the open air phr在户外,在野外 24 harvest n 收获 25 than conj 比....,比较.... 26 another adj &conj 另一个(的),又一个(的) 27 delicious adj 美味的,可口的 28 better adj (good或well的比较级)更好的 29 pumpkin n 南瓜 30 twelfth num &adj 第十二(的) 31 turkey n 火鸡 32 celebrate v 庆祝 33 wait v 等,等待 34 feed v 喂,饲养 35 cow n 母牛,乳牛 36 interesting adj 有趣的,有意思的 37 tractor n 拖拉机 38 taxi n 出租汽车 39 slow adj 慢的,缓慢的 40 slowly adv 缓慢地

规则动词的过去式变化如下：1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如：work---workedplay---playedwanted----wantedact----acted 2、以不发音的-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如：live---livedmove----movedtaste---tastedhope---hoped 3、以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed,如：study---studiedcopy---copiedcry---criedcarry---carried 4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如：stop---stopped 5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆.go–wentmake–madeget–gotbuy-boughtcome-camefly-flew 不规则动词的过去式的构成 1．把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式.如：begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam 2．把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式.如：drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote 3．改动词原形中的aw／ow为ew,变成过去式.如：draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw（动词show除外,show—showed） 4．动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式.如：get—got,forget—forgot 5．动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式.如：feed—fed,meet—met 6．动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式.如：keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept 7．动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式.如：break—broke,speak—spoke 8．动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式.如：sell—sold,tell—told 9．动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式.如：stand—stood,understand—understood 10．以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式.如：bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught 11．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式.如：can—could,shall—should,will—would 12．把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式.如：come—came,become—became 13．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变.如：hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:d〕,say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕 14．动词的过去式与动词原形一样.如：let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕 15．不符合上述规律的动词过去式.如：am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have／has—had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took 过去式“-ed”的发音规则 （1）动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/id/音,want→wanted（要）need→needed（需要） （2）动词词尾为清辅音时,发/t/音.help→helped（帮助）laugh→laughed（笑）look→looked（看） kiss→kissed（吻）wash→washed（洗）watch→watched（注视） （3）动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/d/音.call→called（叫）stay→stayed（停留）cry→cried（哭）