打开国门的英语

分析: 要是做题目,就用排除法, pick up ,用车接某人, 捡起...东西,clean up,清洁干净, look up,向上看,查找所以结合对象,companies,那么open是最合适的. 开办, 用open就可以了. 加一个up 表示建立, 如stand up, build up.

开放例句：theyopenedthecountryuptotrade.他们打开国门实行贸易开放。

该文章有关海外移民 Overcoming these objections will be hard. But not impossible, if policymakers observe four principles. First, border control matters. Voters, perfectly reasonably, cannot abide chaos; governments must set and enforce the rules for who comes. Second, migrants must pay their way. Most already do, but it is crucial to design policies that encourage this, by making it easy for them to work and hard, at least for a while, to claim welfare benefits. 要解决这些问题很难，但也不是不可能，只要决策者认真贯彻四个原则。第一，实行严格的边境管制。就算是最理智的选民，也不能容忍自己的国家陷入混乱；政府必须要制定并执行法律法规来治理入镜人员。第二，有偿移民在许多国家已经存在了，但关键在于国家要制定政策来鼓励和推行这种方式，对于移民来说，较为轻松的门槛能刺激他们更努力地工作，至少是一段时间内能够享受到福利待遇。 Third, be creative. Australia’s “points-based” system is often praised, not least by some Brexiteers. It favours migrants who are young, English-speaking and have useful skills. It is quick, transparent and welcoming. At the same time Australia pitilessly excludes anyone who tries to enter without permission. Australians mostly support this system because they feel in charge of it. 第三，创新思路。澳大利亚“积分”政策受到了国内外一致好评，不仅仅是一些脱欧支持者。该体系欢迎会说英语并拥有一技之长的年轻人在这里落户，不仅效率很高、政策透明，还能感受到该国的人文关怀，受到移民的青睐。同时，澳大利亚也会无情的惩治没有准入许可就尝试入境的人员。推行该政策很重要的一个原因是能让他们感觉到自己是话事人。 More market-based systems are also worth trying. Countries could auction visas to the well-heeled. In addition, for those who cannot yet afford to bid, they could allow more migrants in but apply surtaxes to their wages for a period, and transfer the money to citizens. If this is the price of entry, many migrants will choose to pay it. And if voters see an immigration dividend, they may find that new mosque does not bother them as much. 还有一些以市场为基础的体制也值得一试。国家可以让富人竞拍签证，而对于没有能力投标的移民，可以收取其一段时间的劳务附加税，将这一部分税收用于造福本地市民。如果这是移民的代价，那么更多人愿意为它买单。从选民的角度来说，但他们看到国家区别待遇那些移民人员时，新的清真寺就显得不那么碍眼了。 Fourth, pace matters more than absolute levels. Political resistance to migrants spikes with sudden surges in immigration. In 2015 net immigration to Germany more than doubled to almost 1.2m, leading to a backlash. Yet the share of the population that is foreign-born is 16%, compared with 29% in Australia. This shows that a country with sensible policies can be almost two times as open to migration as Germany without even a hint of the disaster that nativists predict. On the contrary, Australia has a lower homicide rate than Germany, its people live longer and it has not had a recession since 1991. Many Australians grumble about congestion in the cities most popular with migrants, but this is fixable with the taxes those migrants pay. 第四，速度比绝对水平更重要。移民高峰的政治阻力必定会带来人数激增。2015年德国的净移民数量翻了一倍，接近120万，从而引起了强烈抵制。这个庞大的数量中国外出生的人只占到了16%，而澳大利亚这个比例则在29%。这表明一个国家只要有合理的移民政策，就能够吸引到德国开放移民政策下接近两倍的数量，并且基本不会发生本土主义者所预测的灾难隐患。除此之外，澳大利亚凶杀率也比德国低，人们寿命更长，经济增长更稳定，自1991年以来还未发生过经济衰退现象。很多澳大利亚抱怨移民加剧了城市交通阻塞的问题，但只要移民税收到位，这一切都迎刃而解。

一、 名词性从句的翻译方法名词在句子中的成分有可能是：主语、宾语、表语、以及同位语。相应地，名词性从句有四类：主语从句，宾语从句，同位语从句和表语从句。这四类名词性从句翻译过程中一般都遵循一个原则，如果翻译成汉语句子比较简单，不会造成主句的失衡现象，就可以翻译成从句本来应该承担的成分，进行顺译；但是，如果从句结构较为复杂，而主句较为简单，则适宜把从句单独成句翻译，主句中使用代词指代这个从句。下面我们来具体看一下翻译方法：1、主语从句：构成主语从句的方式有下列两种：（1）关联词或从属连词位于句首的从句+主句谓语+其他成分。它们一般是译在句首，作为主从复合句的主语。这样的词有关联词what,which,how,why,where,who,whatever,whoever,whenever,wherever及从属连词that,whether,if.如：例题1:What he told me was only half-truth.分析：其中关联词可译“…的”,放在后面。参考译文：他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。例题2:Whether an organism is a plant or an animal sometimes taxes the brain of a biologist.分析：whether可以译成“是否，是…还是”,然后适当安排位置。参考译文：一种生物究竟是植物还是动物，有时使生物学家颇伤脑筋。（2）it+谓语+that（whether）引导的从句。如果先译主句，可以顺译为无人称句。有时也可先译从句，再译主句。如果先译从句，便可以在主句前加译这。如：例题3:It can be seen that precleaning alone would not reduce the total sulfur content of the four coals to levels anywhere near the standards.分 析：这样的句子可以译成无人称句，常用来表示事实，常理等。参考译文：可以看出，这四种煤的总含硫量仅靠预先洗选将不能降低到完全接近标准规定的水平。例题4:It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air.分 析：有时为了使译文成分完整，可以补充上泛指的主语（如人们…、大家…）。类似的结构还有：it is（universally）known that…大家都知道…it is believed that…人们都相信…参考译文：物体在水中比在空气中轻，这是一种大家共有的经验。2、表语从句：（1）表语从句是位于主句的联系动词后面、充当主句主语的表语的从句，它也是由that,what,why,how,when,where,whether等连词和关联词引导的。一般来讲，可以先译主句，后译从句。如：例题5:The result of invention of steam engine was that human power was replaced by mechanical power.分析：先译后面的主句，后译前面的从句。参考译文：蒸汽机发明的结果是机械力代替了人力。（2）几种常见句型，以下逐一介绍它们的译法。*在that（this）is why…句型中，如果选择先译主句，后译从句，可以译成这就是为什么…，这就是为什么…的原因，这就是…的缘故等。如果选择先译从句，再译主句，一般可以译为…原因就在这里，…理由就在这里等。如：例题6:That is why practice is the criterion of truth and whythe standard of practice should be first and fundamental in the theory of knowledge.分析：原句表语很长，所以此处采用了紧缩原则。参考译文：所谓实践是真理的标准，所谓实践的标准，应该是认识论的首先的和基本的观点，理由就在这个地方。*在this（it）is because…句型中，一般先译主句，再译从句，译成是因为…，这是因为…的缘故，这是由于…的缘故。如：例题7:This is because the direct current flows in a wire always in one direction.参考译文：这是由于直流电在导线中总沿着一个方向流动的缘故。*在this is what…句型中，如果先译主句，后译从句，通常译为这就是…的内容，这就是…的含意等。如果先译从句，后译主句，通常译为…就是这个道理，…就是这个意思等。如：例题8:this is what we have discussed in this article.分析：如表语不长，则可译成这就是…的内容等。参考译文：这就是我们在本文中所讨论的内容。3、宾语从句（1）用that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if 等引起的宾语从句，翻译成汉语的时候，一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。I told him that because of the last condition, I'd have to turn it down.我告诉他，由于那最后一个条件，我只得谢绝。Can you hear what I say?你听得到我所讲的吗？I don't know that he swam across the river.我不知道他游过了那条河。I don't know how he swam across the river.我不知道他是怎么游过那条河的。He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal.他已经通知我他们将在什么时候谈论我的建议。有时可加“说”字，再接下去翻译译英语原文宾语从句的内容。Smith replied that he was sorry.斯密斯回答说，他感到遗憾。He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others.他再三提醒大家说，决定这件事的不只是他一个人，还有其他许多人。（2）用it 作形式宾语的句子，在翻译的时候，that所引导的宾语从句一般可按英语原文顺序翻译；it有时候可以不用翻译。I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o'clock in the morning.我向他们讲清楚了的，他们必须在上午十时前交卷。（it没有翻译）I heard it said that he had gone abroad.听说他已经出国了。（it没有翻译）但有时候，也可以在译文中将that引导的宾语从句提前到句子最前面翻译。I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.我被选参加会议，感到光荣。（it没有翻译）We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world.打开国门，实行开放，我们认为这是绝对必要的。（it翻译为“这”）