英语从句句子

一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾. 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化.而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that.被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom.例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) it is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… (4) it ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首. (2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如： It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong) (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前.例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语．宾语．表语,而that 则不然.例如： 1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she is still alive is a consolation. 二．宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后. 1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如： I heard that be joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句,例如： 1) She did not know what had happened. 2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句.例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2. 作介词的宾语 例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语 例如：I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等.也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句. 4. It 可以作为形式宾语 It 不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中. 例如： We heard it that she would get married next month.. 5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等.这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句.例如： I admire their winning the match. (right) I admire that they won the match. (wrong) 6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中,常见的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等.例如： He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right) He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong) 7. 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式.例如： I don’t think this dress fits you well.（我认为这件衣服不适合你穿.） 三．表语从句 表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”.可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等.引导表语从句的that常可省略.另外,常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构.例如： 1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people 3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus. 四．同位语从句 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句. 1. 同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导,例如： 1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. 2. 同位语在句子中的位置 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开.例如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 (1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词,同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语）,而同位语从句中的that是连词,只起连接主句与从句的作用,不充当句中任何成分. (2) 定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明.例如： 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国.）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语） 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的.）（同位语从句,that在句中不作任何成分）

1.名词从句

① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ( 2004 全国卷 Ⅲ )

② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.

2.(非限制性)定语从句

① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→

The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)

② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)

【复合句】：定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句。

一、定语从句：

1. that，which，who的使用。一个句子当中有两个相同的名词，将其中的一个名词进行替换，如果是人，用who;如果是物，用which;that既可以指人又可以指物。

2. 谓语动词(结构)和后面的介词有两种关系：关系紧密&关系疏远;定语从句中如果谓语结构和介词关系紧密，则介词必须保留在谓语结构的后面，不能做任何位置的改动;如果谓语结构和介词关系疏远，介词一般提到which/who/that的前面; 介词加which正好表示时间，可以表达成whe- n;表示地点时，可以表达成where;表示原因时，变成why;

3. 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。限定性定语从句：定语从句和关系词关系非常紧密，删掉定语从句后，整个句子意思会改变;非限定性定语从句：定语从句和关系词关系不是很紧密，删掉定语从句后，整个句子意思不会改变，定语从句只起到补充说明的意义;

eg: He won the first place in the competition, which is out of our expectation.

② 非限定性定语从句：which引导非限制性定语从句只能放在后面，as则只能放在句子前面

二、名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同谓语从句;

形式：名词+从句;

连接词取决于后面的从句是什么样的形式;

如果是陈述句，直接加that引导;

一般疑问句：先把一般疑问句变成陈述句语序，然后在其前加上weather或者if;

特殊疑问句：直接保留特殊疑问词，后面的句子变成陈述句语序;

定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子，且在句子中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同谓语、介词宾语等成分;

eg. Yuminhong, the president of New Oriental School.

三、状语从句:

两个独立的句子中间用一些含义不同的连接词连接;状语从句用来表达两个句子之间的逻辑关系;分成原因状语、条件状语、结果状语、时间状语、地点状语、让步状语、目的状语、比较状语、方式状语等九大类型;

定语从句是名词+关系词+从句，关系词的用法取决于名词的问题;

名词性从句：同谓语从句：名词+关系词+从句，关系词跟后面的从句有关系，如果是陈述句，直接加that引导;

一般疑问句：先把一般疑问句变成陈述句语序，然后在其前加上weather或者if;

特殊疑问句：直接保留特殊疑问词，后面的句子变成陈述句语序;

宾语从句：动词+关系词+从句;

表语从句：系动词+关系词+从句;

主语从句：关系词+从句+谓语动词;

名词性从句，其关系词的来源取决于后面的从句的性质。

状语从句：完整句子1+逻辑关系词+完整句子2;

如何区分定语从句和同谓语从句：whether，what，how接在名词后面一定是同谓语从句;关系词是when ，where，why如果前面不是时间、地点、人物，那么是同谓语从句;如果是的话，则为定语从句;如果见到which的话，which在句中翻译成“哪一个”，就是同谓语;翻译不成“哪一个”就是定语从句;that 就是看它在句中是否充当成分，如果充当成分就是定语从句;不充当成分就是同谓语从句;

Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. (主语从句)

是否这个计划是可行的仍然值得去考证。

I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. (宾语从句)

我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。

They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. (同谓语从句)

At time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult(定语从句)，employers who can eliminate invalid bias from the process have a distinct advantage. (定语从句)

在雇佣合格人才变得越来越困难的时期，那些能够在雇佣过程中消除站不住脚的偏见的雇主具有明显的'优势。

Eg. While (让步状语从句)even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when (时间状语从句)they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page.

在20世纪60年代之前，当人们伏案写作的时候，即使那些接受教育不多的人也会追求一种高雅的风格，但是从那以后，即使是那些令人敬仰的文学作品也在追求一种口语的风格。

Eg. About 45% of the world's population lived in the climate zone where mosquito transmit disease . 全球45%的人口都生活在这样的一个区域，这个地方的蚊子会传播疾病。

Eg.He was an Asian American (who was) raised in a household where respectful zones in authority was show by averting your eyes . (定语从句) 他是一个亚裔美国人，在他生长的环境当中，避免与有权威的人对视是对对方尊重的一种表现。