甜菜阿姨
前后缀是英语里面重要的构词法,下面是一些后缀:1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor 2.-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet 3.-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette 3)女性(female)例词:usherette 4.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress 5.-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood 6.-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship 7.-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful 8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,education,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词:organization,foundation 9.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state; action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement 10.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal 11.-age意为:程度,数量等(extent; amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage,acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage 12.-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness,usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability 13.-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism,impressionism,absenteeism,racism 二、动词后缀 常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify,diversify,simplify 2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten 3.-ate意为:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例词:originate,hydrogenate,validate,differentiate 三、形容词后缀:常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ful意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例词:useful,pitiful,hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful,fearful 2.-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless 3.-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly,manly,brotherly,friendly 4.-like意为:像……的(like)例词:childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like 5.-y;-ish意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty,sandy,silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish 6.-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing; having the quality of)例词:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome 7.-able(ible)意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable)例词:changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible 8.-ed意为:有……的(having,etc.)例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed,odd-shaped 9.-al意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural,personal,regional,musical 10.-ary(ory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to;connected with)例词:revolutionary,imaginary,contradictory 11.-ous意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例词:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious 12.-ic(ical)意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belonging to)例词:historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic 13.-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to)例词:attractive,talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive
山里吃吃
一、名词后缀 常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下: 1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人。例词:gamester,engineer,mountaineer,driver,teacher,director,actor2.-let意为:小或者不重要的东西。例词:booklet3.-ette意为:1)小的东西例词:cigarette 2)假的东西。例词:leatherette 4.-ess意为:女性例词:actress,paintress 5.-hood意为:时期。例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood 6.-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等。例词:leadership,friendship,membership7.-ful意为:量。例词:cupful,handful, mouthful,spoonful 8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等。例词:action,possession,education2)机构等例词: organization,foundation 9.-ment意为:状态,行动等。例词:movement,enslavement,pavement 10.-al意为:动作。例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal 11.-age意为:程度,数量等。例词:wastage,coverage,breakage,hostage 12.-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质例词:happiness, usefulness,rapidity,activity,sanity。13.-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等。例词:idealism, impressionism二、动词后缀 常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下: 1.-ify意为:转为,变为例词:beautify, diversify,simplify 2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……例词:modernize,popularize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten 3.-ate意为:增加,使……例词:originate, hydrogenate,validate,differentiate 三、形容词后缀: 常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下: 1.-ful意为:充满,有。例词:useful,pitiful, hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful, fearful 2.-less意为:没有,无。例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless 3.-ly意为:有……品质的。例词:beastly,manly, brotherly,friendly 4.-like意为:像……的。例词: childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like 5.-y;-ish意为:像……一般的。例词:meaty,sandy, silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish6.-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的。例词:troublesome7.-able(ible)意为:能……的;可以……的。例词: changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable8.-ed意为:有……的。例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed, odd-shaped 9.-al意为:有……属性的,……类型。例词:cultural,personal,regional,musical 10.-ary(ory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的。例词:revolutionary,imaginary, contradictory 11.-ous意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的。例词:glorious,erroneous12.-ic(ical)意为:……类的;属于……的。例词: historic,historical,methodic13.-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的。例词:attractive, defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive
小英子0113
后缀是决定一个词的词性的重要标记。掌握词性是掌握英语基本规律,扩大单词量的重要手段。
常见后缀:
⑴ 具有某种职业或动作的人
1)-an,-ian,表示"……地方的人,精通……的人”American,historian,
2)-al,表示"具有……职务的人" principal,
3)-ant,-ent,表示"……者” merchant,agent,servant,student,
4)-ar,表示"……的人” scholar,liar,pedlar
5)-ard,-art,表示"做……的人”coward,laggard,braggart(夸张者)
6)-arian,表示"……派别的人, ……主义的人”humanitarian,vegetarian
7)-ary,表示"从事……的'人" secretary,missionary
8)-ate,表示"具有……职责的人" candidate,graduate
9)-ator,表示"做……的人" educator,speculator(投机者)
10)-crat,表示"某种政体,主义的支持者" democrat,bureaucrat
11)-ee,表示"动作承受者" employee,examinee
12)-eer,表示"从事于……人" engineer,volunteer
13)-er,表示"从事某种职业的人,某地区,地方的人" banker,observer,Londoner,villager
14)-ese,表示" ……国人,…..地方的人”Japanese,Cantonese
15)-ess,表示"阴性人称名词, actress,hostess,manageress
16)-eur,表示"……家” amateur,littérateur
17)-ian,表示"……地方人,信仰…….教的人,从事……职业的人”Christian,physician(内科医生),musician
18)-ician,表示"精通者, ……家,”electrician,magician,technician
19)-icist,表示"……家, …….者,…….能手”physicist,phoneticist,technicist
20)-ic,表示"……者,……师" mechanic,critic
21)-ie,表示"爱,指小" dearie,auntie,lassie(小姑娘)
22)-ier,表示"从事……职业” cavalier,clothier,brazier(黄铜匠)
23)-ine,ina,表示"阴性人称" heroine,ballerina
24)-ist,表示"从事……研究者,信仰……主义者" pianist,communist,dentist,artist,chemist
25)-ive,表示"动作者,行为者” native,captive
26)-logist,表示"……学家,研究者" biologist,geologist(地质学家)
27)-or,表示"……者" author,doctor,operator,
28)-ster,表示"做…….事情的人”youngster,gamester(赌徒),songster
29)-yer,表示" 从事……职业者” lawyer