凭海而居
艾萨克·牛顿(1643年1月4日—1727年3月31日)爵士,出生于英格兰东米德兰林肯郡乡下的一个小村落伍尔索普村的伍尔索普(Woolsthorpe)庄园。英国皇家学会会长,著名的物理学家、数学家、天文学家、自然哲学家和炼金术师,百科全书式的“全才”,著有《自然哲学的数学原理》、《光学》等。
1687年,牛顿发表《自然哲学的数学原理》,阐述了万有引力和三大运动定律,奠定了此后三个世纪里力学和天文学的基础,成为了现代工程学的基础。
牛顿通过论证开普勒行星运动定律与他的引力理论间的一致性,展示了地面物体与天体的运动都遵循着相同的自然定律;为太阳中心说提供了强有力的理论支持,并推动了科学革命。
在力学上,牛顿阐明了动量和角动量守恒的原理,提出牛顿运动定律。在光学上,他发明了反射望远镜,并基于对三棱镜将白光发散成可见光谱的观察,发展出了颜色理论。他还系统地表述了冷却定律,并研究了音速。
在数学上,牛顿与戈特弗里德·威廉·莱布尼茨分享了发展出微积分学的荣誉。他也证明了广义二项式定理,提出了“牛顿法”以趋近函数的零点,并为幂级数的研究做出了贡献。
在经济学上,牛顿提出金本位制度。
木木停留
Shakespeare莎士比亚Ben Jonson本. 琼森Milton米尔顿(John, 1608-1674, 英国诗人, 《失乐园》的作者)Wordsworth沃兹沃斯(William, 1770-1850, 英国诗人)Byron拜伦(George Gordono, 1788-1824, 英国诗人)Shelley雪莱(Percy Bysshe , 1792-1822, 英国诗人)Keats济慈(John, 1795-1821, 英国诗人)Dickens迪更斯(Charles, 1812-1870, 英国著名现实主义小说家)
我是娜弟
William Shakesbeare 莎士比亚 Winston Churchill 温斯顿·丘吉尔 david beckham 贝克汉姆 Keynes, John Maynard 凯恩斯 Edward Lear 爱德华·李尔 Francis Bacon 培根
小鱼爱嘟嘟1206
中文就是培根啦Francis BaconFrancis Bacon (1561–1626) was one of the leading figures in natural philosophy and in the field of scientific methodology in the period of transition from the Renaissance to the early modern era. As a lawyer, member of Parliament, and Queen's Counsel, Bacon wrote on questions of law, state and religion, as well as on contemporary politics; but he also published texts in which he speculated on possible conceptions of society, and he pondered questions of ethics (Essays) even in his works on natural philosophy (The Advancement of Learning).After his studies at Trinity College, Cambridge and Gray's Inn, London, Bacon did not take up a post at a university, but instead tried to start a political career. Although his efforts were not crowned with success during the era of Queen Elizabeth, under James I he rose to the highest political office, Lord Chancellor. Bacon's international fame and influence spread during his last years, when he was able to focus his energies exclusively on his philosophical work, and even more so after his death, when English scientists of the Boyle circle (Invisible College) took up his idea of a cooperative research institution in their plans and preparations for establishing the Royal Society.To the present day Bacon is well known for his treatises on empiricist natural philosophy (The Advancement of Learning, Novum Organum Scientiarum) and for his doctrine of the idols, which he put forward in his early writings, as well as for the idea of a modern research institute, which he described in Nova Atlantis.
优质英语培训问答知识库