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1. Location: North America, bordering both the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific Ocean, between Canada and Mexico 2.Area: total: 9,631,418 sq km land: 9,161,923 sq km water: 469,495 sq km note: includes only the 50 states and District of Columbia 3.Climate: mostly temperate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida, arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the great plains west of the Mississippi River, and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest; low winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains 4.Population: 295,734,134 (July 2005 est.) 5.Population growth rate: 0.92% (2005 est.) 6.Languages: English 82.1%, Spanish 10.7%, other Indo-European 3.8%, Asian and Pacific island 2.7%, other 0.7% (2000 census) 7.National holiday: Independence Day, 4 July (1776) 8.GDP (purchasing power parity): $12.37 trillion (2005 est.) 9.Exports - partners: Canada 23%, Mexico 13.6%, Japan 6.7%, UK 4.4%, China 4.3% (2004) . 10.Background: Britain's American colonies broke with the mother country in 1776 and were recognized as the new nation of the United States of America following the Treaty of Paris in 1783. During the 19th and 20th centuries, 37 new states were added to the original 13 as the nation expanded across the North American continent and acquired a number of overseas possessions. The two most traumatic experiences in the nation's history were the Civil War (1861-65) and the Great Depression of the 1930s. Buoyed by victories in World Wars I and II and the end of the Cold War in 1991, the US remains the world's most powerful nation state. The economy is marked by steady growth, low unemployment and inflation, and rapid advances in technology.