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初中英语语法是初中学习的重点,下面总结了初中英语语法知识点,希望能帮助到大家学习英语。

英语句子成分分七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。

1、主语:句子的主体,全句述说的对象。回答是“谁”或者“什么”。一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句担当,位于句首。

如:The boy needs a pen.

Smoking is bad for you = To smoke is bad for you

2、谓语:说明主语的动作或状态。回答“做(什么)”。由动词或系动词加表语担任,常置于主语后。

如:The train leaves at 6 o’clock.

She is reading.

3、宾语:表示动作的对象。回答做的是“什么”。一般由名词或代词担当,常置于谓语后。

如:He won the game.

He likes playing computer.

注意:

(1)有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物(直接宾语),一个指人(间接宾语)。

间接宾语一般放在直接宾语前面。

如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信)

(2)有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。

如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)

4、表语:用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。一般由名词或形容词担任,置于系动词或be动词之后。

如:He is a student. We are tired.

注意:除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,

(1)表感官的动词: feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。

(2)表转变变化的动词: become, get, grow, turn, go等。

(3)表延续的动词: remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。

5、定语:对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。

如:The black bike is mine.(形容词)

The boy in blue is Jim.(介词短语)

I have nothing to do today.(动词不定式)

注意:

(1)当定语修饰不定代词如:nothing , anything , everything , something等时,定语要放在其后作后置定语。例如: I tell him something interesting.

(2)不定式、短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。

例如:The boys who are in the room are playing games.

6、状语:用以修饰动词、形容词、副词及全句,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任位置灵活。

(1)修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;

如:I am very sorry.

(2)表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首。

如:In order to cheer him up, I told him the truth.

They are writing English in the classroom.

(3)一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。

如:We often help him.

He is always late for class.

7、补语:补充说明宾语怎么样或干什么,。由n./adj./介宾/分词/不定式等担任。常位于宾语后。

如:He made me sad.(形容词)

She asks me to take an umbrella.(不定式)

The war made him a soldier.(名词)

I find him at home.(介词短语)

I saw a cat running along the wall.(分词)

8、同位语:通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。

如:Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy.

I myself will do the experiment.

She is the oldest among them six.

1、表示年份:2002: twenty thousand and two ; 1976 : nineteen seventy-six.

2、表示日期: 12月1日: Dec.1st或the first of December;2002年11月8日: Nov. 8th, 2002.

3、表示时刻: 5:15→ five fifteen或a quarter past five ; 8:30→ eight thirty或half past

eight ; 10:45→ ten forty-five或a quarter to eleven.

4、表示编号:Room 105→Room one 0 five; Bus No.13→Bus Number Thirteen; P.5→Page Five;Tel.No.7658659→Telephone Number seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine

5、小数的读法:5.7→ five point seven, 0.16 →zero point one six.

6、“半”的表达: 1/2→half, 半小时→half an hour, 1.5小时→one and a half hours或one hour and a half.

7、序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,加a/an时表示“再一、又一”。

1、概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

2、句子结构:have/has + done

3、时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

4、否定形式:have/has + not +done.

5、一般疑问句:have或has。

1、概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2、时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.

3、基本结构:am/is/are+doing

否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.

一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

4、用法:

(1)表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。

例如: We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。

(2)习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。

例如:Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)

(3)表示渐变,这样的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。

例如:The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。

It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。

(4)与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。

例:You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。

(5)用现在进行时表示将来

下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等瞬时动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。

例:I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?

1、概念:指经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2、时间状语:always,usually,often,sometimes,every week(day,year,month…),once a week,on Sundays,

3、基本结构:动词+原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S)

4、否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

5、一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

1、概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2、时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month…),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc.

3、基本结构:含有Be动词主语+was/were+.不含有be动词:主语+动词过去式+.

4、否定句:带be:主语+was/were not+动词原形+.不带be:主语+didn't+动词原形+.

5、一般疑问句:含be动词was或were放于句首;

不含be动词用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词原型。

1、概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2、时间状语:at this time yesterday,at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

3、基本结构:was/were+doing

4、否定形式:was/were+not+doing.

5、一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

1、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2、时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year…),soon,in a few minutes,by…,the day after tomorrow,etc.

3、基本结构:am/is/are+going to+do;will/shall+do.

4、否定形式:am/is/are+not+going to;在行为动词前加will/shall(will适用于所有人称,shall只用于第一人称)

5、一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。

1、概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

2、时间状语:the next day(morning,year…),the following month(week…),etc.

3、基本结构:was/were+going to+do;would/should+do.

4、否定形式:was/were+not+going to+do;would/should+not+do.

5、一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should提到句首。

初中英语语法句子

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Diana~蜜桃

初中英语语法大全汇集

一、There is no / some / much / little difficulty / trouble with sth. 做某事(没) 有困难

(1) There is some difficulty with the text.

这篇课文还有点困难。

(2) There is little trouble with the matter.

这件事情没有什么麻烦。

二、There is no / some / little / much difficulty / trouble in + doing. 做某事有困难

(1) There is much difficulty in finishing the work in the given time.

在规定的时间内完成这项工作还很困难。

(2) There is no trouble in reading the article without a dictionary.

即使不用词典读这篇文章也不难。

三、There is no doubt about / of sth. 毫无疑问

(1) There is no doubt about his coming here.

毫无疑问,他会来。

(2) There is no doubt of his words.

对他的话毋庸置疑。

四、There is no doubt that –clause. 毫无疑问

(1) There is no doubt that he has made great progress this year.

毫无疑问,他今年进了大步。

(2) There is no doubt that he likes hunting.

毫无疑问,他喜欢狩猎。

五、There is no hurry (+ to do sth) 不用急于干某事

(1) There is no hurry to leave, for it is early.

天还早,不要急于离开。

(2) There is no hurry to answer this question, but use your head.

动动脑筋,不要急于回答这个问题。

六、There is no need for (sb. to do ) sth. 没有必要怎么样

(1) There is no need for him to go there.

她没有必要去那儿。

(2) There is no need for such a meeting.

没有必要开这样的会议。

七、There is no question about sth. 毫无疑问

(1) There is no question about his arrangement.

对他的安排毋庸置疑。

(2) There is no question about what he said.

对他的话毋庸置疑。

八、There is no question of doing sth. 毫无疑问

(1) There is no question of his leaving for holiday.

他肯定去度假了。

(2) There is no question of his inviting us to his party.

他肯定会邀请我们去参加他的聚会。

九、There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没有道理或说不过去

(1) There is no sense in forcing him to do what he doesn’t like to.

强迫他做他不喜欢做的事情没有道理。

(2) There is no sense in leaving him alone when he is in trouble.

当他遇到困难时,扔下他不管,没有道理。

十、There is no point in doing sth. 做某事没有用

(1) There is no point in regretting.

后悔没有用。

(2) There is no point in reasoning with him.

跟他说道理没有用。

十一、There is no doing sth. 不可能……;无法……

(1) There is no telling who will win the match.

无法断定比赛谁赢。

(2) There is no giving you a reply before deciding it.

在决定前不可能给你答复。

英语语法强调句知识点:判断此题是定语从句还是强调句

【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全,希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

有这样一道题:

It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood.

A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, where

答案选A,填对此句的关键是要弄清第二空必须填 that,因为这是一个强调句,被强调部分为 in the small house (以及修饰它的定语从句 which was built with stones by his father)。又如:

(1) It was the boy _________ had been in prison _________ stole the money.

A. who, where B. that, how C. who, that D. that, which

【分析】 此题答案选C,全句为强调句,被强调成分是 the boy (以及修饰它的定语从句who had been in prison)。

(2) It was just in the room _________ he was born _________ he died.

A. where, which B. that, that C. where, that D. which, that

【分析】 此题答案选C,全句为强调句,被强调成分是 in this room,where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。

英语语法强调句知识点:强调句与从句的比较

【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全,希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

1. 强调句与主语从句的比较

强调句将句子中的it is / was …that同时省去,句子仍然成立;而主语从句将that与后面部分代替it,成立。如:

(1) It is Li Lei’s brother that you met in the street yesterday. 你昨天在街上所见到的就是李蕾的兄弟。

本句若将It is 及 that同时省去为:You met Li Lei’s brother in the street yesterday. 句子同样成立,因此前面的句子是强调句型。

(2) It is exciting that we have succeeded in sending up Shenzhou V. 我们成功地发射了神舟五号这件事情真令人兴奋。

本句若将It is 及 that同时省去为:We have succeeded exciting in sending up Shenzhou V. 显然句子错误,因此,前面句子不是强调句型,而是主语从句。

2. 强调句与定语从句的比较

◎强调句中的It没有实际意义,It be与that可同时被省略;而定语从句中的`It是主语,It be与that不可同时省略;

◎强调句型中be的时态须跟后面句子的时态相一致;而定语从句中主句谓语动词be的时态须由主句的时间确定

◎强调句将句子中的that不能省略,并且即使前面的名词是事物时,也不能将that换成which;而定语从句中的that作宾语时可被省略,并且当先行词是事物时可用which代替。

◎当it be后面的时间、地点名词作主语、宾语或表语时,引导词可用that / which;而作其他成分时,引导词须用when / which。如:

(1) It is an English book (that / which) I bought yesterday. 它是我昨天买的书。(本句是对What is that?问句的回答,that所引导的是定语从句,that可被省略)

It was the English book that I bought yesterday. 昨天我所卖的就是这本书。(本句相当于对I bought the English book yesterday中an English book进行强调)

(2) It was a room where we used to have meetings. 它是我们过去常在开会的房子。(where 所引导的从句对前面的room进行说明,它是定语从句)

It was in the room that we used to have meetings. 过去我们开会就在这间房子里。(in the room是被强调的部分,本句是强调句型)

(3) It is a day when the people celebrate their victory. 这是人们庆祝他们的胜利的日子。 (when所引导的从句对a day进行说明,是定语从句)

It was on that day that people celebrated their victory. 就在那一天,人们庆祝了他们的胜利。(强调on October 1, 1949)

3.强调句与状语从句的比较

◎状语从句句首的It本身就是句子的主语;而强调句首的It不作任何成分也没有实际意义。

◎状语从句的连接副词that及句子前面的It be不能去掉。

◎状语从句的引导词可以是when / where,而强调句型中的that不能用其他词代替。如:

(1) It is such an interesting book that we all like it very much. 它是一本如此有趣的书,我们大家都非常喜欢。(结果状语主从复合句)

It is such an interesting book that we all like very much. 我们大家都非常喜欢的就是一本如此有趣的书。(强调such an interesting book)

(比较:It is such an interesting book as we all like very much. 这就是我们大家都非常喜欢的如此有趣的书。定语从句)

(2) It was already morning when he woke up. 当他醒来时,已经是早晨了。(时间主从复合句)

It was the next morning that he woke up. 就在第二天早晨他醒来了。(强调the next morning)

英语语法倒装句知识点:“only+状语”置于句首句子要倒装

【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全,希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

请看下面一道涉及only的倒装试题:

Only in this way __________ able to finish the work in time.

A. can you be B. are you C. you can be D. you are

此题应选 B。容易误选D。至于A,C,这比较容易排除,因为情态动词 can 不能与 be able to用在同一谓语中。本题之所以要选B而不选D,主要是因为句首用了only in thisway 的缘故,按照英语语法规则:“only+状语”位于句首,句子通常要用倒装语序(部分倒装——用一般疑问句形式)。如:

1. “only 副词”位于句首。 如:

Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只是到了那时我才意识到是我错了。

2. “only+介词短语”位于句首。 如:

Only by working hard can you succeed. 只有努力工作你才能成功。

Only in the reading-room can you find him. 你只有在阅览室才能找到他。

3. “only+状语从句”位于句首。 如:

Only when one loses freedom does one know itsvalue. 一个人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可贵。

注意:若位于句首的不是only+状语,而是 only+宾语等,则通常无需倒装(但有时也可以倒装)。如:

Only a policeman the children saw in the street. 孩子们在街上只看到一个警察。

Only one more point will I make. 我只再说明一点。

英语语法感叹句知识点:感叹句的基本句型

【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全,希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!

What a clever boy he is! (他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊!

What an interesting story it is! (这是个)多么有趣的故事啊!

What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊!

What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊!

【说明】 在感叹句中,What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词,若其前面的形容词为元音开头,则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词,如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等,当前面有形容词修饰,使抽象名词具体化时,则要用 what a / an,如:

What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊!

What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊!

What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊!

【句型二】How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!

How well you look! 你气色真好!

How kind you are! 你心肠真好!

How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好听!

Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!

How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多么聪明啊!

How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊!

【说明】 how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句,但动词不提前。如:

How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊!

How she dances! 她跳得多好啊!

英语语法感叹句知识点:陈述句改为感叹句

【导语】 英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全,希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

感叹句通常有what, how引导,表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。what修饰名词,how 修饰形容词,副词或动词,感叹句结构主要有以下几种:

How +形容词+ a +名词+其他成分!

How+形容词或副词+其他成分!

What +名词+其他成分!

What +a+形容词+名词+其他成分!

What + 形容词+复数名词+其他成分!

What + 形容词+不可数名词+其他成分!

请看以下例子:

It’s an interesting film. 这是一部有趣的电影。

→ What an interesting film it is! 这是一部多有趣的电影啊!

It’s wonderful weather. 天气很好。

→ What wonderful weather! 天气真好!

He did the work carefully. 他做这工作很仔细。

→ How carefully he did the work! 他做这工作多仔细啊!

Time passed quickly. 时间过得很快。

→ How quickly time passed! 时间过得真快!

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