滴水无香2005
如何提高高中学生英语短文改错能力 短文改错题型综合性强、难度大，考查的知识面广，给考生带来极大的困难。学生在做这类题时，往往顾此失彼，无从下手。本人认为要做好这类题，重要的是要有扎实的语言基础，学生不仅要掌握扎实的语法知识，还要有较强的阅读理解和分析判断能力。因此，教师必须要从听、说、读、写方面的训练抓起，有目的、有步骤、循序渐进地提高学生的解题能力。 一、抓好听、说、读、写训练，打好扎实的语言基础 由于学生在英语学习中的错误大量地存在于口、笔头训练中，因而要求教师在教学中要注意培养学生口、笔头正确运用语言的能力。复习课文时，每堂课都要让学生运用本课中的单词和句型造句，先在课堂上口头造句，然后在课后做笔头强化练习。每节课都要造十几个句子。例如：在复习marry这个词时，让学生们口头造句，他们造出了Mary married John last year.和Mary was married to John last year. 等句子。由于受本族语的影响，有些学生把be married to sb.结构中的to错用为with，通过大量的口、笔头联系，学生对英语的习惯用法掌握较牢固，错误也相应减少了。 二、从单句改错入手，提高学生判断错误的能力 在教学中，及时发现和归纳学生在口、笔头练习中出现的错误，并把带有普遍性的典型错误集中起来，编成单句改错练习让学生做。学生做这样的改错题感到较容易，提高了答题的准确率，收到了良好的效果。例如，下列句子中，每句都有一处错误： ①It’s bad manner to shout in public. 句中manner应改为manners。由于学生在大量的口、笔头练习中形成了语感，good manners，bad manners能脱口而出，因此能轻易地发现错误。 ②The recorder isn’t mine. It’s John brother’s.句中John应改为John’s。此题必须通过语法、词类的复习和巩固，对名词的所有格及代词的用法了如指掌，才能发现并准确判断正误，达到纠正错误的目的。 ③She’s found her lost necklace, isn’t she? 句中isn’t she 应改为hasn’t she 。此题要求学生清楚“’s”简略式的几种情况，并根据句意判断是被动式还是现在完成式，此题考查学生综合语法知识的能力。 ④I regret telling you that you didn’t pass the exam.句中telling应改为to tell。此题是测试学生对动词regret用法的掌握情况。学生必须认真审题，理解全句意思，才能判断应该用不定式还是用动名词。在改错这个句子时，还应该要求学生掌握remember，forget，stop等动词后接不定式和动名词用法的区别。 ⑤Sugar is tasted sweet.句中is tasted应改为tastes。这道题考查学生对系动词用法的掌握情况。除了从语法角度弄清楚其用法外，还要弄清楚taste，smell，feel，sound，look等这类词的特点。 上述例句说明，改错训练的知识面很广，教师在教学和指导学生复习时必须从全方位入手，自始至终贯彻听、说、读、写训练的原则，通过大量的单句改错练习，为学生做短文改错练习打下坚实的基础。 三、掌握改错答题技巧，提高综合改错能力 指导学生由易到难、由简到繁、循序渐进地进行短文改错训练。自编一些短文单项改错练习，即每一篇文章中，都只有一种错误，如每一行都多一词或少一词等。学生做这类题困难要小一些，做起来有兴趣，得分率也高，提高了他们获取成功的信心。在此基础上，再让学生做综合的短文改错练习时，指导学生分四步做这类题。 第一步，通读全文，了解大意。从短文改错的题型来看，它并不是单纯地改正语法、词法等语法错误，而是在改错的同时，考查学生的阅读能力。 第二步，找出明显的错误。例如：After a long time, he found John a honest worker. 此句中的不定冠词“a”就是一个明显的错误。又如：At that time, Tom and his friends were playing footballs on the playground. 句中的“footballs”是一个明显的拼写错误。学生先把明显的错误找出来，可以缩小改错范围，把注意力集中到较难判断的句子上。 第三步，从语法角度逐个审查时态、主谓一致、代词、名词复数、冠词、介词等用法，特别注意一些虚词的用法，进一步找出错误。例如，一篇短文有这样一句话：The old gentleman went up to the boys and asks them what it was happening. 句中第一个错误是并列句的时态不一致，应将asks改为asked。第二个错误是多一个词“it”。这类错误要仔细观察句子结构，进行语法分析才能发现。 第四步，从行文逻辑判断入手。一些逻辑上的错误，从语法角度来看是正确的，但通过上下文的逻辑关系来看，就会发现错误。例如：The old gentleman thought that it was a good chance to teach the boys a useful lesson, but he said to them, “I’ve never told a lie in one’s life.”句中but应改为so，one’s 应改为my。学生掌握了这种四步法的解题技巧后，改错能力有了明显的提高。 四、重视讲评，提高学生对错误的分析能力 重视对短文改错练习的讲评。每当学生做完一篇练习，都引导学生分析题中出现的错误属于哪一类，自己为什么错，那些错误是可以避免的。通过这样的分析讲解，学生基本上能弄清出错的原因，从而会收到较好的效果。例如：Then she would not go shopping with her husband if he had not promissed to buy her some jewelry.句中 would not go应改为would not have gone。在此句中如不看条件句中谓语动词的结构，就判断不出这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。在讲评时，提出这类问题，并要求学生仔细审题，学生吸取了教训，以后这类错误就少了。
飞龙在天wxd
一 Here is a photo which I’ve kept for many years . Look , the child in it is me . Do you think it that I was very lovely ? Yes.1________ You see, I was making a face. There was a hat on my head 2________ while there were no shoes on my foot . I asked my mother how 3________ old I was then . Mother said that I was three years old in that 4________ time. Can you see the house all making of wood? The house 5________ which was new then , but it is very old now . I was born in this 6________ old house and lived here for eighteen years . I like living here , 7________ because there were many friendly neighbours we get along very 8________ good with each other, but it’s a great pity that we will move away 9________ soon. To tell a truth, I really can’t bear to part from them. 10________ 二 When Father bought me a computer for a birthday present 1________ in last year, I felt very excited. As we all know, computers 2________ are getting more usefully nowadays. Much information 3________ can be stored in it. We can learn what has lately happened 4________ in the world on the Internet. People had to do lots of work 5 ________ which was very danger. Now, computers can do it instead. 6________ When an exam is come, I do exercises on my computer.7________ Then it will correct them but tell me the right answers.8________ It is convenient for me to prepare for the exam than 9________ before. The computer have become a real friend of mine.10________ 三 Good morning, everyone. Yesterday I received a letter from a elderly gentleman. He told me the other day he saw 1________ that some student in our school uniform crowded onto a 2________ bus without waiting their turns. On the bus they refuse 3________ to offer their seats for old people. What was worse, they 4________ even said dirty words to each other. I am very much sorry 5________ for this. Today’s youth are tomorrow’s old people. Respect 6________ the old and caring for the young is a fine tradition of our 7 ________ Chinese. Every one of us have the responsibility to keep it 8________ up. I hope that you can learn something from this incident 9________ and you will have good manners whether you are inside or 10________ outside the school. Thank you. Lisa 一 1、去掉第2个it；2、√；3、foot改成feet； 4、in改成at； 5、making改成made； 6、去掉which； 7、and 后加have； 8、were改成are； 9、good 改成well； 10、a改成the。 二 1. for改成as；2. 去掉in； 3. usefully改成useful；4. it改成them； 5. √； 6. danger改成dangerous；7. come改成coming；8. but改成and； 9. convenient前加more； 10. have改成has。 三 1. a改成an；2. student 改成students；3. refuse改成refused；4. for 改成to； 5. 去掉much； 6. Respect改成 Respecting； 7. our 改成us； 8. have 改成 has； 9. √； 10. and后加that。 We’ve just moved in a house and we want to 1. _____buy a new color television set, and I’m not 2. _____sure about a size. Maybe we should buy a big 3. _____one. If we buy a small one, we might have 4. _____to change for it in a few years’ time for a bigger 5. _____one. My husband thinks it’s no necessary to buy 6. _____a very big one. He said our sitting room isn’t very 7. _____big. If we put in a very big television, they will 8. _____be bad for our eyes. Anyway, we’d better to make 9. _____quick decision because the price may go up soon. 10. ____【答案解析】 1. in改为into。in“在……里”表静态的位置；而into则表动态的位置，意为“进入”。 2. and改为but。前后句之间是转折关系。 3. a改为the。这里表特指，指要买的电视机的大小。 4. 此行正确。 5. 去掉第一个for。“把A物换成B物”的英语表达是change A for B。文章中该句句意为“几年之后就要把小电视换成大电视”。 6. no改为not。因为no是形容词，修饰名词，而necessary是形容词，所以要用副词not来修饰。 7. said改为says。因为上下文都是用的一般现在时，这里指现在的思想，现在的想法。 8. they改为it。这里指的是the big television。 9. 去掉to。had better后接动词原形。 10. quick前加a。make a decision意为“作出决定”。Mary is my best friend. We’re all from Henan, 1. _____but now I live in Beijing when she lives in 2. _____Guangzhou. We don’t look each other very often, 3. _____but we’re keep in touch all the time. I often write 4. _____to Mary and telling her about the things that 5. _____are happened at my company, and she often 6. _____writes to me about her work. We talk on phone 7. _____once a week. Sometime I call her on her 8. _____car phone, or we send e-mail to each other. 9. _____We’re really luck. There are so many ways 10. ____we can keep in touch with each other.【答案解析】 1. all改为both。指Mary和作者两个人。 2. when改为and或while。因为两个分句没有主从关系。而是并列关系，或者有对比或对照的含义。 3. look改为see。因为此句意为“两个人不能经常见面(see)”。 4. 去掉keep或把we’re改为we。因为keep是动词，若不是进行时态或被动语态，动词前不用be，但句中没有动词时必用be。所以去掉keep或去掉are， 5. telling改为tell。tell和write是并列谓语。 6. happened改为happening。因为这是现在进行时态。 7. phone前加the。因为on the phone是习语，意为“用电话(交谈)”。 8. Sometime改为Sometimes。此处表示“有时候”，而不是表示“某个不定的时候”。 9. 此行正确。 10. luck改为lucky。用形容词作表语。I live in the country and my father was a farmer. 1. _______He is now forty-five year old. Because of years of 2. _______hard work, he looks old than his age. When I was 3. _______young, he is used to tell me the importance of study. 4. _____Father knows little about English and other subjects, 5. _______but he usually gives me some good advices on how 6. _______to learn my lessons good. He is not only kind to me 7. _______but also very strict in me. With his help, I’ve made 8. _______great progress. I’ll never to forget what he taught 9. _______me. I think my father is best father in the world. 10. ______【答案解析】 1.was 改为 is。根据上下文的时态可知。 2. 第一个year改为years。因它受 forty-five 的修饰。 3. old 改为 older。因其后有表示比较的 than。 4. 去掉is。比较：used to=过去经常，be used to=习惯于。 5. 此行无错。 6. advices 改为 advice。advice 为不可数名词。 7. good 改为 well。修饰动词要用副词，不用形容词。 8. in 改为 with。be strict in后接某事，be strict with后接某人。 9. 去掉to。因助动词will后要接动词原形，不能接不定式。 10. Best 前加 the。形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词。Thank you for your offer invite me to the free 1. _______summer English course in your school. As for my 2. _______choice of the two courses, I’d prefer the five-weeks 3. _______course for 50 hours. This would allows me more 4. _______time to see your beautiful country while learned 5. _______language. I’d like to do some traveling and make 6. _______a few new friends. In all the subjects I’m learning 7. _______at school, I like English best. I hope me to take this 8. _______chance to improve my spoken English level as much 9. _______as possibly. I believe I will have a wonderful time 10. ______in England this summer.【答案解析】 1. 把invite改为inviting。现在分词作定语修饰offer。 2. 此行正确。 3. 把five-weeks改为five-week。“数词+连字符号+名词”作定语，其中的名词要用单数。 4. 把allows改为allow。在助动词will, would及情态动词can, may, must等后面，永远要用动词原形。 5. 把learned改为learning。while learning=while I’m learning。 6. 在language前加the。特指英语这种语言。 7. 把In改为Of。subjects“科目”，English是其中一个“科目”，表示最高级的比较范围，若是整体与个别的关系，就用of。指时间、地点范围，才用in。 8. 去掉me。主语希望自己做某事，直接用hope to do sth，事实上，也不能用hope sb to do sth这一句型。 9. 去掉level。这是中文式英语。improve=make…better。 10. 把possibly改为possible。as…as possible(尽……)是习语。I have come in China for two years. My friends in 1. _______England sometimes write to me, ask me how long 2. _______I’ll stay here, when I’m thinking of returning 3. ______home. The answer of their questions is simple: I 4. ______do not know when I return home. At the moment, 5. _______I have no reason to return back to England. I like 6. _______living in China; I enjoy meeting Chinese people 7. _______and travel around the country. My work is very 8. _______interested, and there are so many things I don’t know 9. _______about China that I hope to discover it in the future. 10. _____【答案解析】 1. 将come改为been。come是终止性动词，不与时间段连用。 2. 将ask改为asking。现在分词作伴随状语。 3. 在when前加and。 when引导的从句与how long引导的从句是两个并列的宾语从句(作asking的宾语)。 4. 将of改为to。在answer, key, way, entrance等名词后，习惯上用介词to。 5. 在return前加will。这是将来时。注意：不要误以为when引导的是时间状语从句，用一般现在时代替将来时。事实上，when引导的是宾语从句。 6. 去掉back或将return改为go。因为return=go back。 7. 此行正确。 8. 将travel改为traveling。因为traveling与meeting并列，作enjoy的宾语。 9. 将interested改为interesting。表示某事物“令人……的”用-ing形容词；-ed形容词则表示某人“感到……的”。 10. 将it改为them。因为此处是指many things。
优质英语培训问答知识库
