咩~咩~羊
1、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语,没有人称和数的'变化。
2、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。
3、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能,可在句中用做多种句子成分。
4、主语常置于句末,而用it代替其做形式主语。例如:To go in for sports helps you stay fit.
爱上牛肉面
1。不定式的基本形式是 to + 动词原形,如to go, to work等。2。"不定式没有人称和数的变化" 意味着不定式的形式不受人称(I,you, she, he, it, they等)的变化而改变,即不管主语是I, you, he, they等,不定式永远不变。同时,也不管单数还是复数,也不改变。如:I/We/They want to go there tomorrow.3。当然没有“人称”和“数”的变化,但是却有时态的变化,如to be working, to have worked等,以后你会学习的。
太阳的路
在英语这门语言的学习中,我们会发现,有一种结构叫做不定式。形式上是由to+动词原形构成。不定式在句子中的用法非常灵活,只有掌握了它的用法,才能更好的理解英语句子。 不定式可以在句子中做主语,相当于名词的功能。例如:To live of money is the root of evil.这个句子中to live of money是不定式短语做主语。 不定式在句子中也可以做表语,用在be 动词的后面。例如:His wish was to become a teacher.不定式to become a teacher放在was 后面做表语。 做宾语也是不定式的一种用法,例如:I try to keep that in mind.在这里to keep that in mind做try的宾语。 不定式还可以做宾语的补足语,补充说明宾语的作用。例如:I know nothing about him and I beg you to tell me nothing. 这个句子的to tell me nothing用来补充说明you 的做法。 另外,不定式还可以做主语的补足语。He was seen to enter the laboratory.有人看见他进了实验室。不定式to enter the laboratory用来补充说明主语He进去了实验室。
苏明zhsm13579
1. 不定式定义:由to+动词原形构成。 不定式是一种非限定性动词。而非限定动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词,可分为不定式,动名词,现在分词和过去分词。 2.用途: 在句中不能作谓语。它具有动词的性质,本身可以带宾语和状语。 【动词不定式】 1.定义:动词 + 不定式 2.用途: 动词不定式在句中可以作句子任何成分。动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。[编辑本段][动词不定式的时态、语态] 动词不定式可以作以上各种成分,但它毕竟是动词,所以有动词的属性 动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的宾语、状语,虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语,但它表达的意义是动作,这一动作一定由使动者发出。这一使动者我们称之为 逻辑主语,其形式如下: 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 (not) to make (not) to be made 完成式 (not) to have made (not) to have been made 进行式 (not) to be making 完成进行式 (not) to have been making (1)语态 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如: It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语) It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语) I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语) Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语) He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语) 在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。如:There are still many things to t ake care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.) (2)时态 1) 现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。 2) 完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3) 进行时: 表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 4) 完成进行时: She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.[编辑本段][疑问词+不定式结构] 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表 语等。如: ①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. (不定式在句子中做主语) ②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. (不定式在句子中做宾语) ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. (不定式在句子中做间接宾语) ④The question was where to get the medicine needed. (不定式在句子中表语) 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。如:①When we shall leave…③…how I could learn… 经常在这种结构中使用的动词有:consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,know,lea rn,observe,understand,wonder等。[编辑本段][动词不定式的语法功能] 一、作主语 动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种: (1)把不定式置于句首。如: To get there by bike will take us half an hour. (2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。如: ①It+be+名词+to do It's our duty to take good care of the old. ②It takes sb+some time+to do How long did it take you to finish the work? ③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the compositionin a quarter of an hour. ④It+be+形容词+of sb+to do It is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays. ⑤It seems(appears)+形容词+to do
虾米啊1
动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。这里的to是不定式标志,没有词义。不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能,又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语。除了跟情态动词和某些时态的助动词构成谓语之外,动词不定式一般不能用作谓语。动词不定式用作主语不定式结构做主语,可以直接放于句首。但这样的用法不多见。To hesitate(犹豫) is a pity.犹豫是件憾事。To be here is a great pleasure.到这里是快乐的事情。To remember to switch(关掉) off the electricity isimportant.记得关电是重要的。现代英语一般使用形式主语it,把不定式后置。因此上面的句子一般这样表述:Itis a pity to hesitate.犹豫不决真遗憾。Itis a great pleasure to be here.很高兴来到这里。Itis not sufficient to know the main facts.知道主要事实是不够的。Itis important to remember to switchoff the electricity.要记得关掉电源是很重要的。不定式用作表语不定式作表语有两种情况要注意,一种是主语和表语都是不定式,主语是条件,表语是结果。这时,作表语的不定式不可以用动名词(doing)表示。To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。 To decide is to act.下决心等于行动。Tobe kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.对敌人仁慈就是对人民的残忍。一种是,主语以这些名词表示:aim, ambition, duty, hope, idea,intention, mistake, plan, purpose, suggestion等;或主语以what引导的名词性主语从句表示,后面的不定式说明其内容。Your mistake was not to write that better.你的错误是没有写得更好。What I would suggest is to start work at once.我要建议的是马上开始干活。My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.我的主意是从北边山爬山。动词不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种情形:todo something (接不定式作宾语的动词:afford, agree, aim, apply, arrange,ask, choose, claim, decide, decline, demand, desire, determine, expect, hope,learn, long, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, seek, threaten, want,wish等)He pretended not to see me.他假装没看到我。I expected to be back on Sunday.我可望在星期天回来。 What did he say he wanted to do? 他说过他想要做什么呢?She asked to work only at weekend.她要求只在周末工作。 She applies to work only at weekend.她申请只在工作在周末。Of course we hope to get a few more.当然我们希望得到更多一些。He agreed to smoke no more cigarettes.他同意不再吸烟了。She promises to make no mistake at all.她答应不再犯错误了。不定式作宾语补足语1表示感官的动词,不定式作宾语补足语时要省to,这类动词有:feel, hear, listen to,notice(无被动语态), observe, see, watch(无被动语态)等。转为被动语态时,不定式就成了主语补足语,这时的to要补上来。Iheard her sing.我听到她唱歌了。Thecar was seen to stop.车子有人看见停了。2表“使役”的动词have,let, make等用不定式作宾语补足语也要省to,这3个动词中,have没有被动语态,make用于被动语态时也要把to补上来,而let的被动语态一般表示“出租”的意思;其他的“使役”动词不定式作宾语补足语时则不能省to,但都有被动语态。这些动词有:advise, allow, ask, beg,cause, drive, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, invite, permit, persuade,remind, teach, tell, trust, urge, want, warn等。Wewere made to wait outside.有人让我们在外面等。3表示心里状态的动词,如:believe,consider, declare(宣称), discover, feel, find, guess,imagine, judge, prove, suppose, think, understand等。这类动词的宾语补足语一般是to be或to have done不定式,且在consider, declare, find,prove, think等之后的to be往往可以省略。Iknow this to be a fact.我知道这是事实。Wefound him (to be) dishonest.我们发现他不诚实。示情感状态的动词:hate, like, love, prefer, want等。这时常用would跟hate, like, love, prefer搭配。这类动词一般不用被动形式。I'dhate you to do that.我讨厌你那样干。 I'dprefer you to leave him.我宁愿你离开他。I'dlove them to come tonight.我很想他们今晚来。 I don't want there to be any trouble.我不想有如何麻烦。5还有一类不及物动词跟介词搭配,也可以用不定式作宾补,一般没有被动语态。这类动词有:arrange for, ask for, long for(期望), prepare for, providefor, vote for(赞成), wait for, wish for, call on/ upon, count on(指望), depend on/ upon, relyon等。Wewaitfor that to be done.我们在等人那件事。 I will arrange for you to come.我将为你来做安排。Youcan't rely on him to assist you.你不能靠他辅助你。 Shall we ask for Mary to come too? 我们可以请玛丽也来吗?动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语跟中心词有逻辑关系,大致分为主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系和状语关系等。不定式在句中做定语通常做后置定语,即放在被修饰名词或代词后。1 主谓关系:不定式的动作是不定式所修饰的中心词来执行。可以改成定语从句。1) 不定式还可用来修饰人。He is a man tofinish his task best.他是完成任务最好的人。He was a brave man todo what he did.他是个敢做敢当的勇敢之人。2) 不定式常可用来修饰物,表示某物要做某事。The next train toarrive (which would arrive) was from New York.下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。The next bus toarrive (which arrives) here may be late half an hour.下一趟到这里的公汽可能晚到半小时。2 动宾关系:不定式所修饰的中心词跟不定式有动宾关系。可改成定语从句。跟主谓关系一样,不定式修饰的既可以是人,也可以是物。不定式动作的执行者可能是句子的主语,也有可能是句子的宾语(见不定式的被动式);有时不定式动作的执行者暗含在上下文中;有时用for somebody/something指出动作的执行者;有时根本不知道是谁。1) 及物动词不定式:动词不定式直接放在所修饰的中心词之后。This is adelicious cake for you to eat (which you can eat).这是一个给你吃的美味蛋糕。Do you haveanything to say (which you will have to say)? 你有什么要说的吗?2) 不及物动词不定式:由于不定式跟中心词有动宾关系,因此不及物动词或短语之后应该使用相应的介词。She has a room tolive in.她有一间房子住。 He has a child to take care of.他有一个孩子要照管。3) 有些名词接不定式做定语,可以省略介词,它们是:place, reason, time, way等。Is that the way to do it (inwhich/that it can be done)? 这是做这个事情的方法吗?You need a place to sleep (where/inwhich you can sleep).你需要一个睡觉的地方。