黄河简介英语

The Yellow River or Huang He / Hwang Ho is the second-longest river in China and the sixth-longest in the world at 5,464 kilometers .Originating in the Bayan Har Mountains in Qinghai Province in western China, it flows through nine provinces of China and empties into the Bohai Sea. The Yellow River basin has an east-west extent of 1900 km and a north-south extent of 1100 km .Total basin area is 742,443 km².The Yellow River is called "the cradle of Chinese civilization", as its basin is the birthplace of the northern Chinese civilizations and was the most prosperous region in early Chinese history. But frequent devastating flooding largely due to the elevated river bed in its lower course, has also earned it the unenviable name "China's Sorrow".Early Chinese literature refers to the Yellow River simply as He (河), the word that has come to mean simply "river" in modern language .The first appearance of the name "Yellow River" (黄河) is in the Book of Han (Chinese: 汉书;) written in the Western Han dynasty (206 BC–AD 9). The name "Yellow River" describes the perennial ochre-yellow colour of the muddy water in the lower course of the river. The yellow color comes from loess suspended in the water.Sometimes the Yellow River is poetically called the "Muddy Flow" (simplified Chinese: 浊流). The Chinese idiom "when the Yellow River flows clear" is used to refer to an event that will never happen and is similar to the English expression "when pigs fly".CharacteristicsThe Yellow River is notable for the large amount of silt it carries—1.6 billion tons annually at the point where it descends from the Loess Plateau. If it is running to the sea with sufficient volume, 1.4 billion tons are carried to the sea annually.In modern times, since 1972 when it first dried up, the river has dried up in its lower reaches many times, from Jinan to the sea in most years, in 1997 for 226 days. The low volume is due to increased agricultural irrigation, by a factor of five since 1950. Water diverted from the river as of 1999 served 140 million people and irrigated 74,000 km² of land. The highest volume occurs during the rainy season, from July to October, when 60% of the annual volume of the river flows. Maximum demand for irrigation is needed between March and June. In order to capture excess water for use when needed, and for flood control and electricity generation, several dams have been built, but due to the high silt load their life is expected to be limited. A proposed South-North Water Transfer Project involves several schemes to divert water from the Yangtze River, one in the western headwaters of the rivers where they are closest to one another, another from the upper reaches of the Han River, and a third using the route of the Grand Canal.Due to its heavy load of silt the Yellow River is a depositing stream, that is, it deposits part of its carried burden of soil in its bed in stretches where it is flowing slowly. These deposits elevate the riverbed which flows between natural levees in its lower reaches. Should a flood occur, the river may break out of the levees into the surrounding lower flood plain and adopt a new course. Historically this has occurred about once every hundred years. In modern times, considerable effort has been made to strengthen levees and control floods.The Yellow River delta totals 8,000 square kilometers .However, since 1996 it has been reported to be shrinking slightly each year through erosion.

very very long ,good!!!!!!

黄河介绍：:1、黄河，中国北部大河，全长约5464公里，流域面积约752443平方公里。世界第五大长河，中国第二长河。

The Yellow River, a great river in northern China, is about 5464 kilometers long and has a basin area of about 752443 square kilometers. The fifth longest river in the world and the second longest river in China.

2、黄河北源发源于青海省青藏高原的巴颜喀拉山脉支脉查哈西拉山南麓的扎曲，南源发源于巴颜喀拉山支脉各姿各雅山北麓的卡日曲，西源发源于星宿海西的约古宗列曲。呈“几”字形，自西向东分别流经青海、四川、甘肃、宁夏、内蒙古、陕西、山西、河南及山东9个省（自治区），最后流入渤海。

The northern source of the Yellow River originated from Zaqu at the southern foot of Chahasila Mountain, a branch of the Bayan Hara Mountains on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The Southern source originated from Kajiqu at the northern foot of the various Yashan Mountains of the Bayan Hara Mountains, and the Western source originated from the Argumentary Zongliequ at the Western foot of the Star Hara Mountains.

In the shape of "Ji", it flows through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong provinces (autonomous regions) from west to east, and finally flows into the Bohai Sea.

3、黄河是中华文明最主要的发源地，中国人称其为“母亲河”。每年都会生产十六亿吨泥沙，其中有十二亿吨流入大海，剩下四亿吨长年留在黄河下游，形成冲积平原，有利于种植。

The Yellow River is the most important birthplace of Chinese civilization. The Chinese call it the "Mother River". Every year, 1.6 billion tons of sediment will be produced, of which 1.2 billion tons will flow into the sea. The remaining 400 million tons will remain in the lower reaches of the Yellow River for a long time, forming an alluvial plain, which is conducive to planting.

优点：

1、黄河上建立了数座水电站，可以发电供人类使用。

Several hydropower stations have been built on the Yellow River to generate electricity for human use.

2、调节河流附近生态环境与气候。

To regulate the ecological environment and climate near rivers.

3、可以引水灌溉周边农田。

Water can be diverted to irrigate surrounding farmland.

黄河的孕育、诞生、发展受制于地史期内的地质作用，以地壳变动产生的构造运动为外营力，以水文地理条件下本身产生的侵蚀、搬运、堆积为内营力。在成河的历史过程中，运动不息，与时俱进。黄土高原的水土流失与黄河下游的泥沙堆积在史前地质时期就在进行，史后受人类活动的影响与日俱增。

根据多方面的研究，古黄河有三个发展阶段：第三纪至第四纪的早更新世为古黄河孕育期。第四纪中更新世（距今115万年～10万年）古黄河诞生成长期。晚更新世（距今10万年～1万年）黄河形成海洋水系。

参考资料：百度百科-黄河