小可憐兒
代词分类用法人称代词★不仅指人,也可指物主格:I , we, you ,he, she, it, they,宾格:me, us, you, him, her, it , them1. 主格作主语,宾格作宾语She is our teacher.(主格作主语)I often help him with his math.(宾格作宾语)★口语中,人称代词宾格常用作表语Who is there? It’s me.(宾格作表语)2. 人称代词在句子中的顺序单:第二人称+第三人称+第一人称 You + he/she + IYou, he and I are in the same classroom.复:第一人称+第二人称+第三人称 We + you + theyWe, you and they are all Chinese.3.glasses,sunglasses,boots等复数形式的词单独:动词用复数,对应代词they或themMy trousers are over there and they are dirty.与量词一起:动词用单数,对应代词they或themIf you find a pair of scissors in the drawer, pass them to me.4.as和than 之后的人称代词as和than 之后的人称代词,作主语用主格,作宾语用宾格;但在非正式语体中,或带有all, both时,通常用宾格。She speaks English as well as me. (非正式)He is taller than us all.5.it 用法: ①表示无生命、已提到过的事物 Whose coat is this? It’s mine. ②性别不祥的幼儿或小动物What a beautiful baby! Is it a boy?③指“那个人”Who is it at the door?It’s the postman.④无人称主语或宾语(天气、时间、距离等)It’s raining.It’s twenty miles from here to Shanghai.物主代词形容词性物主代词:my , our, your, his , her, its , their名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, his , hers, its, theirs★ 1.形容词性物主放在名词前,不可单独使用。This is her book.Your school is not very far.★ 2.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词,起名词作用,可单独使用Ours (=Our country) is a great country.I haven’t taken my umbrella. May I share yours(=your umbrella)?★3.物主代词的固定搭配of one’s own… on one’s own with one’s own…人自己的 独自 用某人自己的…Hold one’s breath make one’s way in one’s way屏住呼吸 找到路前进 妨碍某人,挡某人的路To one’s surprise/amazement…使某人吃惊的是…反身代词myself, yourself , ,himself, itself yourselves, ,themselves , ourselves1. ★反身代词作同位语The teacher himself will visit Tom’s parents.2. ★反身代词作宾语They do the work by themselves.3. ★表示独立完成某事,亲自做某事,为自己做了某事call oneself … make oneself … cook oneself… 把自己称为… 为自己做了… 为自己作了… 吃buy oneself… find oneself…给自己买了… 给自己找了…He usually calls himself Old Jim.4. ★反身代词的固定搭配for oneself by oneself to oneself teach oneself 亲自 独自 独用 自学hurt oneself be pleased with oneself弄伤自己 对自己感到高兴can’t help oneself help oneself to…忍不住,无法控制自己 谁便吃,为自己取(食物等)指示代词This, that, these ,those★ 离说话人近的用this, those;远的用that, those.You look in this box here, and I’ll look in that box over there.I saw him this morning.He was very busy those days.疑问代词Which, who, whom, whose, whatwhich 哪个Which apple do you like?who/whom 谁(主语/宾语)Who is the lady over there?whose 谁的Whose book is this?what 什么(color, kind, size)What’s kind of housework do you usually do?不定代词常见的不定代词:one , some, any, all, every, anther, other, many, much, few, little, neither, either合成的不定代词:something, somebody, someone,anything, anybody, anyone,everything ,everybody, everyonenothing, nobody, none , no one 1. some(thing/body/one) 某(事/人/人)any(thing/body/one)任何(事/人/人)everything一切事 every(body/one)每个(人/人)no(thing/body/)没什么/没有人none没有人或没有东西 no one 没有人★ 只有none +(of),其他的合成不定代词不可以★ 合成的不定代词+else,表示另外的﹡﹡,所有格:﹡﹡ else’s★ 修饰复合不定代词的定语(形容词等)要放在它们的后面 something important ★2.不定代词的固定搭配one :one anther 相互 one by one 一个接一个other: on the other side of 在…的另一边 in other words 相反的路/ 方向 on the one hand ….on the other hand一方面…另一方面some: some day 某一天 for some time 经过若干时间toth: on both side 双方,两边all: all the time 总是 all kinds of 各种各样的 all new 全新 all along 一直,始终 all over 到处 all the same 还是,仍是 (not) at all 无论如何(都不)every: every day 每天 every time 每次 every 3 weeks 每三个星期 every other / second day 每隔一天many /much: so many/much 这么多的 many /much of …..中的很多 too many/much 太多 a great /good many 很多 many a time 许多次many a day 许多天as many/much as 和…一样地多little: little by little 渐渐地 in a little while 过一小会儿few: a man of few words 一个话很少的男人 have a few word with sb 和某人说上几句话 不定代词的分组区别many、much很多,许多many + 可数名词 many peoplemuch + 不可数名词 much suger★口语中many/much 常被a lot of/lots of代替,特别在表示肯定意义的句子里some、any一些some 用于肯定句 + 可数/不可数any用于否定句 + 不可数名词用于疑问句 + 可数名词★ some 用于疑问句中,表示邀请、请求.Would you like some tea?Will you buy me some cake?★ any用在肯定句中,表示“任何一个,无论那个”Take any you like.both、all都Both (两个)都All(三个或三个以上)都★ all、both 在句子中的位子:在be动词后面,其他动词前We both studied in Beijing University.We are all interested in pop music.each、every每一个Each(两个中的)每一个Every(三个或三个以上的)每一个★ each 、every 在句子中的位子:在be动词后面,其他动词前one 、other antherone :不定的人或物,复数onesother:单数,必须加the (one….. the other),复数others,表示其他的人或物anther:另一个人或物,再一个★some…the othersone …the otherone…. 和the others /the other★ one ….the other+可数名词: 特指两个之中的“一个…..另一个….. Mr. Li has two sons. One is a doctor and the other is an engineer.★one…. the others /the other +可数名词: 特指三个或三个以上的情况“一个…….另一些/另几个……There are five flowers in the vase. One is yellow, the other four ones are red.Some…the others 和Some….others★Some…the others 特定范围,“一些…..另一些”The students are busy with the experiment. Some are operating the machine, the others are recording the results.★Some….others 较广范围,“一些……别的一些”Many old people are in the park. Some are walking, others are talking.one….another…the other/the third★ 列举三个以上时,按one….another…the other/the third的顺序The woman has three sons. One is in China, another is in America, the other is in France.each other和one anther★each other两者之间“相互….”★one anther三者或三者以上之间“相互….”no one 、nothing 、noneno one 指代可数名词,表示人,用来回答who的问题,不可跟ofnothing 指代不可数名词,表示物,用来回答what的问题,不可跟ofnone 指代可数/不可数名词,表示人或物,用来回答how many/how much的问题,可跟of 代词是高考英语中一个十分重要的考点,其中主要涉及不定代词的用法与解析(约占所有代词考点的90%以上)。另外,代词it (包括it 的非代词用法)也是一个比较重要的考点。其它诸如人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、物主代词、相互代词等,由于用法简单,则相对考的较少;若偶尔考查,也主要涉及其特殊用法或固定搭配 代词在具体的语境中运用起来往往具有很大的灵活性,高考英语试题对代词的考查更是灵活多变。各地在对单项选择的语法考查中对代词则百考不“厌”。分析各类考题尤其是高考题,可以看出对代词的考查一直是一个热点,且考查手法更加灵活,要求更高,所以在2010年高考中,代词仍将为考查的热点。考纲要求重点掌握不定代词one, the one, ones, the ones与指示代词this, that, these, those, it 的用法区别、代词的肯定与否定、全部与部分的用法以及反身代词的惯用语(例如help oneself, please yourself, by (for, of)oneself, enjoy oneself等将会是未来高考的命题重点 对于it的用法考纲要求重点掌握: 1. it/that/one用法区别(it主要指代前面提到的同一物;one用来指代前面出现的单数名词,相当于a/an+单数名词,表泛指概念,往往是同类而同一物;that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词,相当于the+单数/不可数名词)2. It用在某些动词后,如:enjoy, like, dislike, resent, hate, don’t mind, be fond of, feel like, see to 之后, 即这些动词后面的宾语从句前要加it代替其后的从句3. 用于强调句或固定句型(it is/was …when/since/before…)中4. 作形式宾语或形式主语(主要代替ving,to do或从句5. 考查it 构成的习语,it也常表示抽象的情况, 属于虚指. 如:Take it easy.对于数词考纲要求只要把握倍数、年代、年龄、分数、百分数等的表达法即可,近几年对数词的考查较少 还是多做练习吧。这样可以扎实记忆。如果 没有什么不懂的 或者觉得满意 望采纳
刘二蛋蛋蛋
主语+系动词(be)+表语主语一般由名词(代词)构成,表语由介词短语、名词、形容词构成,系动词be是连接主语和表语的桥梁。主谓宾 主语+谓语动词(do)+宾语主语一般由名词(代词)构成,宾语由名词(代词)构成,谓语动词do是连接主语和宾语的桥梁。 主谓 主语+谓语动词(do)一般此句型没有宾语,因为当动词do是不及物动词时,不能带宾语,如果非要带宾语,要在不及物动词的后面加介词;常见的不及物动词有:appear、apologize、arrive、come、die、disappear、exist、fall、happen、rise等等。(常见介词:in、at、on、to等) 主谓宾补 主语+谓语动词(do)+宾语+补语补语由形容词、名词、介词短语构成。 主谓宾宾 主语+谓语动词(do)+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+谓语动词(do)+直接宾语+介词(to或者for)+间接宾语此句型中作间接宾语时常常指“人”,作直接宾语时指“物”,主语+谓语动词(do)+间接宾语+直接宾语,也可变成:主语+谓语动词(do)+直接宾语+介词(to或者for)+间接宾语。(应注意:带双宾语的动词。) 谓主状 There be + 主语+状语there be 句型,凡是表达一种“时间、空间存在的某种事物”,就必须要想到 there be 句型。定语、状语的位置和作用 定语限定名词只要有名词出现的地方,就可以用定语修饰名词。 定语分为两种:一种是形容词作定语,一种是介词短语作定语; 形容词作定语修饰名词时,定语放在名词的前面,比如:beautiful teacher,the red flower;介词短语作定语修饰名词时,定语放在名词的后面,比如:the teacher from China,the teacher in the classroom。状语限定动词只要有动词出现的地方,就可以用状语修饰动词。 状语分为两种:一种是副词作状语,一种是介词短语作状语; 状语修饰动词时,状语放在动词的后面,比如:He studies hard, He studies in the morning。
天生萌妹
英语疑问代词的语法归纳
导语:疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。下面我讲解英语疑问代词的语法,欢迎参考!
疑问代词(who, whom, whose, which, what等)在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等:
Who is your English teacher? 你们的英语老师是谁?
Whose is this umbrella? 这伞是谁的?
Whose umbrella is this? 这是谁的伞?
What question did he ask? 他问了什么问题?
Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? 茶和咖啡,你喜欢那样?
【说明】who 和 whom 只用作主语、宾语和表语,不用作定语,what, which, whose 则既可用作主语、宾语和表语,也可用作定语。
1. who 与 whom:前者为主格,用作主语,后者为宾格,用作宾格:
Who spoke at the meeting? 谁在会上发言了?
Whom are you talking about? 你们在谈论谁?
但是,当用作宾语的 whom 位于句首时,通常可用who 代之:
Who(m) is the letter from? 这信是谁寄来的?
若是紧跟在介词之后用作宾语,则只能用 whom。
2. what, which 与 who:
① 若后接名词(即用作限定词),只用which和what,不能用who:
Which / What train did you come on? 你是坐哪次火车来的?
What和 which 的区别是:当选择的范围较小或比较明确时,多用 which;当选择的范围较较大或不明确时,多用 what:
Which color do you like, red, black or white? 红色、黑色和白色,你喜欢哪种?
What color is your car? 你的汽车是什么颜色的?
但是,若指人,即使选择的`范围不明确,也多用 which:
Which [What] writers do you like? 你喜欢哪些作家?
② 若其后不接名词(即用作代词),三者均可用,which和what的用法区别可参见上面的分析。至于who,它一般只用来指人(用作代词的 which 不用于指人),不管选择范围大还是小、明确还是不明确均可用:
Who won –– Tom or Mike? 谁赢了,是汤姆还是迈克?
Who is your favorite poet? 你最喜欢的诗人是谁?
当选择范围比较明确且用作宾语时,who也可用which或which one代之:
Who [Which /Which one] do you like better, your father or your mother? 你更喜欢谁,父亲还是母亲?
③ 由于what和who的选择范围可以很大或不明确,所以其后可以跟 else,表示其他的人(或事物),但却通常不跟表示特定范围的of 短语;而 which 的选择范围相对比较小或明确,所以其后一般不接 else,却常与表特定范围的of短语连用:
Who (What) else did you see there? 你在那儿还看到了别人的什么人(什么东西)?
Which of the three girls is the oldest? 这三个女孩中哪个年纪最大?
④ 另外,比较以下两句:
"Who is he?" 他是谁?(who 指姓名、关系等)
What is he? 他是干什么的?(what 指职业、地位等)
请先看以下两句:
What do you think he wants? 你认为他想要什么?
Do you know what he wants? 你知道他想要什么吗?
上面第一句为特殊疑问句,第二句为一般疑问句,它们不能倒过来说成Do you think what he wants? What do you know he wants? 其原则区别是:可以用 yes 或 no 回答者,用一般疑问句的形式(疑问词放在句中,即主句之后),适合这类句型的主句动词通常有 know, hear, ask, tell 等;不能用 yes 或 no 回答者,用特殊疑问句的形式(疑问词放在句首),适合这类句型的主句动词通常有 think, believe, suppose, guess 等:
Where do you suppose he has gone? 你认为他去什么地方了?
Did you ask why he had left so soon? 你问过他为什么那么快就离开了吗?
请看以下实例:
Where and when were you born? 你出生在何时何地?
When and how did he go there? 他是什么时候、怎么去那儿的?
"Where is it?" "Where is what?" “它在哪儿?”“什么在哪儿?”
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