高中英语必考题

高中英语阅读理解题型

阅读理解是英语考试中的一个重点和难点。下面由我为大家带来了高中英语阅读理解题型解读和解题技巧，一起来看看吧!

【高中阅读理解题型解读】

(一)阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段，考生在做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。

阅读的方法可以使用以下几种：

1.跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。

2.略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。

3.精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。

在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点：

1.带着问题阅读短文。

2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。

3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。

4.尽快选择答案。

(二)不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧

1.记叙文

记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。 传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。

2.说明文

说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。

数字说明文

在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。 

解释说明文

解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。 

比较说明文 比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。

3.应用文

应用文涉及的.范围比较广，包括广告、通知、书信等。应用文一般语言简洁，省略及不规范的句子较多。阅读时一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息，并运用这些信息去解决问题。因此对题干的理解尤为重要。

阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题(是指在短文中客观存在的事实，客观信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。即理解文中的具体事实或抽象概念)和主观理解题(这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案，须通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深理解，并据此进行判断和推理)。其中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题;主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。针对不同类型的题目，要在平时的练习过程中，结合具体的题目，给学生进行解题方法的指导和讲解。对于客观题，要提醒他们阅读时关注文章的细节，如时间，地点或一些具体数字，在选择答案时，务必从原文中找到确切的依据。 我们可将阅读理解归纳为以下四大题型，根据阅读理解题考查角度的不同，可采用不同的解题技巧来应付。

Ⅰ.事实细节题

属于细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。这类题型的主要提问方式常为：

①Which of the following is true/NOT true in the passage?

②Which of the following statements is NOT discussed/mentioned in the passage?

③Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?

④All the following statements are NOT true excep. 细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because, since, as等;表转折关系的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。

Ⅱ.猜测词义题

在高考阅读题中，考生遇到的最大障碍往往有两个：一是被已认识的单词的某一熟知含义所误导;二是被完全不认识的单词的意思所阻碍，从而出现理解偏差或理解困难，影响阅读的速度。其实解决这两个困难的一个重要法宝是考生在心目中树立起上下文观念，要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

在阅读解题时要注意从以下七个方面着手：

1)根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义 在be,be called,call等判断词出现的判断句中，或定语从句及标点符号，可以根据已知部分，猜测生词的含义。例如：

The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.通过理解定语从句的意思，能猜出herdsman是“牧人”。

2)根据对比关系猜测生词的词义 在but,however,yet,otherwise,though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中，其前后的词有明显对比关系，根据已知的内容，通过这种对比关系，就很容易猜出生词的词义了。例如： Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. 和clean意思相对的便是“肮脏的”了，因此可猜出句中grubby的意思是“肮脏的”。

3)通过因果关系猜测词义 because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词，so是连接表示结果的状语从句的连词，so……that与such……that中的that是连接结果状语从句的。当这些信息词出现在有生词的句子中，通过因果关系，依据已知部分就能猜出生词的词义。例如：She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. 根据because从句所讲的意思，我们就可推测trim就是“修剪”之意。

4)根据生活常识猜测词义

3 运用逻辑推理能力，自身的生活经验及生活常识。再联系上下文能读懂的部分，可以正确猜出词义。例如：Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. 根据句子意思及生活经验，wither表示“枯萎”。

5)根据同等关系猜测词义 同等关系，指的是一个词，一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。明显的标志是，这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词and或or来连接。例如： At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy. 从“年龄42岁”以及与prime具有同等关系的full of energy可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年时期”。

6)根据列举的事例猜测词义 You can take any of the periodicals: "The World of English". "Foreign Language Teaching in Schools", or "English Learning". 从后面列举的例子中，可以猜出periodical是“期刊，杂志”的意思。

7)根据构词法知识猜测词义 根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。

Ⅲ.推理判断题

做这类题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。不要主观臆断，凭空想象，任意发挥，而走入误区。学生要学会运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图，运用归纳、对比、演绎技能，运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意，同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如：否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等)。

这类试题常以如下句式发问：

①What can you conclude/ imply from this passage?

②What’s the author’s attitude(态度)towards……?

③We can infer /learn from the passage that……

如： Once there was something wrong with a machine in a factory. The workers could do nothing but turn to a German engineer for help, who drew a line on it and said, “Take off the part where the line is and change it for a new one. ”The machine, with a new line on, began running well again. The engineer then asked for $ 30,000 for what he had done. The following were what he wrote on a bill, “The new part only costs one dollar, and knowing where the problem with the machine is costs $ 29,999.”

Q: What can you conclude from this passage?

A. the engineer asked for too much money

B. the workers should pay the money

C. the knowledge is worth money

D. the new part could cost more

这篇短文是作者讲的一个故事，那么通过这个故事我们可以判断出什么呢?虽然作者没有言明，但是我们可以断定，发现问题的所在需要智慧和知识，知识是创造价值的源泉，因此此题的正确答案应为C. Ⅳ.主旨大意题 这种题型要求考生能够把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心;要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法解题，难度较大，属于高层次题。

21.The oranges taste __________. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well22. Mr. Smith is ill, so Mrs. Green is teaching his class ________. A. in place B. to take place C. instead D. instead him23. -----I’m taking part in the 200-meter race tomorrow. -----_____________. A. Nothing at all B. Congratulations C. Come on D. Good luck24. The use of satellites makes __________ possible to watch events ______________ they happen thousands and thousands of miles away. A. it, as B. it, when C. this, when D. that, whether25. -----How many people do business in your town? -----________ great number and _________ number seems to be increasing. A. The, the B. A, the C. The, a D. A, a26. -----You left your wallet in my taxi. -----Good heavens. _____________. A. so did I B. so I did C. I so did D. I did so27. With the horse ______, he lay on the ground, ___________into the sky. A. tied to, looking up B. tied with, looked up C. tying to, docking up D. tying with, looked up 28. Can you believe that in _____ a rich country there should be _____ many poor people? A. such, such B. such, so C. so, so D. so, such29. During the examinations we are supposes to stay in our seats, keep our eyes on our work, _____ to anyone. A. instead of speaking B. rather than speak C. and not speak D. but would not talk30. Mary ______ to Shanghai tomorrow _______, and her plane _______ at seven. A. will go; by a plane; leaves B. is about to go; by plane; leaves C. is going; by air; takes off D. goes; by air; takes off31. The photo you sent me always reminds me __________ I did there with you. A. that B. what C. of what D. of how32. “你认为他们会什么时候去上海？” Can be translated into _________________.A. Do you think when will they go to Shanghai?B. Do you think when they will go to Shanghai?C. When do you think they will go to Shanghai?D. When do you think they had gone to Shanghai?33. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ____________for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when34. We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into_________________. A. fact B. reality C. practice D. deed35. Rather than__________, he always prefers__________ at home. A. go to the cinema; stay B. going to the cinema; stay C. go to the cinema; to stay D. to see a film at the cinema; staying21. Don’t worry too much about making ____ mistakes. They are _____ natural part of learning.A. /; a B. the; / C. /; the D. the; the22. Tom was very sick with a bad cough, ______ he could neither eat nor sleep.A. as a result B. after all C. anyway D. otherwise 23. Two thirds of the work ____ done by Jimmy, and ___ was done by Nancy.A. was; the rest B. was ;the others C. were; the others D. were ; the rest24. I am his best friend, and I will always _______ him.A. look into B. watch over C. join in D. worry25. With the great dam ___, we’ll have enough electricity for everyday use. A. complete B. completed C. to be completed D. to complete26. I advised that he_____ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he _____ quite well then.A. was sent; felt B. be sent; feel C. be sent; was feeling D. was sent; felt27. ---- Have you heard that Tom, as well as his parents, _____ moved to Beijing? ---- Really? No _____ I haven’t seen him for a long time.A. have; doubt B. has; wonder C. have ; reason D. has; choice28. The old man had one son and two daughters, ___ treated him well, ____ made him very sad.A. neither of whom; that B. neither of them; which C. none of whom; which D. none of them; that29. ----Do you have anything to do this afternoon? ----What’s up? ----Let’s go shopping. It’s said that Yimin Shop ___and all the sweaters are sold at half price. ----Why not? A. has closed down B. was closing down C. closes down D. is closing down30. －John admitted ____in the exam. －That’s why he was not admit ____the skating club. A. cheating…to B. to cheat…by C. cheating…by D. to cheat…to31. With the development of science, more new technology____ to the field of IT.A. is being introduced B. has introduced C. is introducing D. was introduced32. New Zealand wine is ______ quality and ______ all over the world.A. high; sells B. high; is sold C. of high; sells D. of high; is sold33. The movie star turned to be a _________ at that time. A. beat B. strike C. defeat D. hit 69. Do you suppose the idea he stuck ____correct.? A. to proved B. to prove C. proved D. to proving70. —Would you please give me a hand and take the bookcase upstairs?— _______.A. With pleasure B. My pleasure C. Of course I do D. Yes, that’s all right序号不太对... 但是题目绝对经典!!

高中数学合集百度网盘下载

链接：

提取码：1234

简介：高中数学优质资料下载，包括：试题试卷、课件、教材、视频、各大名师网校合集。

高一必修一二就定语从句较难例题精析》》》》》》》》》》》》 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains.A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。 【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）： (1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are (2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are (3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand” A. that B. which C. where D. what 【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。 【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？ 3. David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。 【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him： David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 请再做以下试题（答案选D）： It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promised us. A. like B. that C. which D. as 4. The buses, most of _________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. that B. it C. them D. which 【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses。 【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D： (1) His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A. that B. it C. them D. which (5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 选B。whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting。 7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that 【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which：[考题2] . The Science Museum, ____________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.(2008.江苏) A. which B. what C. that D. where[点拨]A 本题考查非限制性定语从句，排除B。从句中visit是及物动词，缺少宾语，排除D。这是非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时，应用which而不用that，排除C.。故A项正确。[考题3]. Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.(2008.山东) A. who B. which C. why D. when[点拨]D 本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。此题关键是要根据句意判断出是定语从句。句意为：我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。Occasions是先行词，从句成分齐全，排除A, B。所选关系词在定语从句中要做时间状语，故选D。[考题4]. I’ll give you my friend’s home address, I can be reached most evenings.(2008.北京卷) A. which B. when C. whom D. where[点拨]D本题考查非限制性定语从句。此题关键是判断定语从句的完整与否。定语从句中reach 是及物动词，但此句是被动语态，从句成分齐全，所以选择关系副词，排除A, C。定语从句先行词是地点，所以排除B。故选D。[考题5]. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ______ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (2008.江西)A. where B. when C. who D. which[点拨]A 本题考查定语从句。此题关键是判断定语从句的先行词为cases，意思是：情况，状态，指物或指地点，关系词在从句中作状语，先行词指地点，用where。 在定语从句中，当先行词为point, case, situation等时，通常用关系副词where引导。[考题6]. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect. (2008.全国卷II)A. it B. what C. which D. that[点拨]C本题考查定语从句中稍微偏难的非限制性定语从句。从句的引导词which指代前边整句话的内容。整句话逻辑意思不难得出：“那里的这条道路被证明是非常不错，这，超出我们的想像的。历年的高考题中，非限制性定语从句是出现频率最高的考点之一，值得我们注意。例：1. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _____can be very eye-opening and rewarding.(2007年湖南卷)A．who B．which C．what D．that2. ______I explained on the phone, you request will be considered at the next meeting.A．When B．After C．As D．Since(答案：B ; C)[考题7]. The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds. (2008.陕西卷)A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands ofC. which the hands of D. the hands of which[点拨]D本题考查定语从句中稍微偏难题型： whose + n = the + n + of which / of which + the + n 所以the hands of which = of which the hands = whose hands 答案选D。 例：1. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ____ wanted to buy it. (2007安徽卷)A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 2. It is reported that two schools, ______ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. (2007四川卷)A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which (答案：D ; D )1．The weather turned out to be very good, ＿＿＿ was more than we could expect．(NMET’94) A． what B． which C． that D． if 2．All ＿＿＿＿ is needed is a supply of oil． (MET’89) A． the thing B． that C． what�� D． which 3．Finally the thief handed everything ＿＿＿＿ he had stolen to the police． (MET’87) A． after B． what C． whatever��� D． that 分析：1－3 BBD ①在非限定性定语从句中只能用which不用能that。如题1。②在下列几种情况下用that不用which：1)先行词为不定代词anything, everything, all, nothing等时。如题2，题3。2) 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时。3）先行词被no, the only, very等修饰时。4）先行词既有人又有物时。 “热点”之二：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 典型考题： 1．He paid the boy ＄10 for washing the windows, most of ＿＿＿＿ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year．(MET’90) A． those B． these C． that D． which 2．In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ＿＿＿＿ she could turn for help．(MET’92) A． that B． who C． from whom���D． to whom 4．In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30pm, ＿＿＿＿ many people have gone home． (上海’94) A． whose ��B． that�� C． on which�� D． by which time 分析：1－4 DDBD 在“（名词、数词、代词＋）介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用whom（指人）和which（指物）。在这种结构中，“介词”的选择可依据下列几点：1）介词和定语从句中的谓语动词是一种习惯搭配。 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. � “热点”之三：定语从句中的“隔离”现象 典型考题： 1．The film brought the hours back to me ＿＿＿＿ I was taken good care of in that faraway village．(NMET 2001) A． until B． that C． where D． when 2．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ＿＿＿＿ of course, made the others unhappy． (NMET 2000) A． who B． which��� C． this D． what 3．The pen I ＿＿＿＿ I ＿＿＿＿ is on my desk, right under my nose．(NMET’93) A． think; lost B． thought; had lost C． think; had lost D． thought; have lost 分析：1－3DBB ①因定语从句过长，为使句子保持平衡，常将定语从句和其所修饰的名词或代词分开。如题1，when引导的定语从句和先行词the hours分开。②在定语从句中使用“插入语”以增加语言的灵活性。如题2中的“of course”为插入语，题3中 的“I thought”为插入语。 易与定语从句混淆的其他复合句 1.定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系“……的（名词）”。而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与that从句同位的名词必须是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词，如fact, news, belief, truth, reply等。that在定语从句中作成分，可用which 或who/whom代替；而that在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用。试比较： 1)We all have heard the news that our team won. (同位语从句，that从句表示news的内容，that 在从句中不作任何成分) 2)We don’t believe the news that/which he told us yesterday.(定语从句，that 作told 的宾语) 2.定语从句与状语从句。试比较： 1)He left the key where he had been an hour before. (where引导地点状语从句，相当于in the place where) 2)He left the place where he lived for many years. (where 引导定语从句，修饰the place) 3)He is such a good teacher as all of us love and respect. (as 引导定语从句) 4)He is such a good teacher that we all like him. (that引导结果状语从句,such…that… “如此…以致…”) 3． 定语从句与主语从句。试比较： 1) As is known to us all, paper was first made in China. (as 引导定语从句，指代整个主句内容，可置于句首) 2) It is known to us all that paper was first made in China. (it 做形式主语，代替that 引导的主语从句) Cf. What is known to us is that paper was first made in China. 4．定语从句与强调结构。试比较： 1)It is the house where I met the young man. (where 引导定语从句，修饰house，where在定语从句中作地点状语) 2)It was in the house that I met the young man. (本句为强调结构，可还原为I met the young man in the house.) 5．定语从句与并列句。 请分析下列题目并分析： A．whom B．them�C．they�D．who� 1）Mr Smith has three sons，none of ＿＿＿＿ is a computer expert．� 2）He has three sisters，＿＿＿＿＿ are doctors．� 3）She has three CDs，but none of＿＿＿＿＿ is interesting．� 4）I have many friends，and all of＿＿＿＿＿ are nice and friendly．� 5）Miss Yang has some relatives here；＿＿＿＿ like her very much． 〔答案与简析〕本组题考查定语从句与并列句的区别。第1和2小题是定语从句，正确答案分别是A和D；第3和4小题有并列连词but和and，为并列句，每句只能有一个连接词，故正确答案均为B；第5小题中的前后两部分用分号连接，是两个并列分句，无需连接词，故C项正确。 觉得还不错，望能采纳

你可以去买一本叫做试题调研的参考书，是一期一期的，更新很快，题很新很不错，有很多高考题，解释也不错！值得参考！