英国大选英文介绍

Britain英国Britain(United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)is an island country made up of four parts-England,Wales,Scotland,and Northern Ireland.The nearest country is France which is 20 miles away.It has an area of about 244.000 square kilometers.Britain is rich in coal,natural gas,iron and so on.Great Britain has played an important role in developing education and science.The capital city is London.英国(大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国)是有英格兰,威尔士,苏格兰和北爱尔兰四个部分组成的一个岛国.最近的国家是距离20公里远的法国.英国的面积大约24.4万平方公里.英国有着丰富的煤,天然气和铁矿等.英国在发展教育和科学方面发挥着重要的作用.首都是伦敦.

The British Parliament is often referred to as the Mother of Parliaments (in fact a misquotation of John Bright, who remarked in 1865 that "England is the Mother of Parliaments") because the British Parliament has been the model for most other parliamentary systems, and its Acts have created many other parliaments. The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in 1707 by the Acts of Union that replaced the former parliaments of England and Scotland. A further union in 1801 united the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of Ireland into a Parliament of the United Kingdom. In the United Kingdom, Parliament consists of the House of Commons, the House of Lords, and the Monarch. The House of Commons is composed of 650 members who are directly elected by British citizens to represent single-member constituencies. The leader of a Party that wins more than half the seats or less than half but can count on support of smaller parties to achieve enough support to pass law is invited by the Queen to form a government. The House of Lords is a body of long-serving, unelected members: 92 of whom inherit their titles (and of whom 90 are elected internally by members of the House to lifetime seats), 26 bishops while they remain in office, and 588 of whom have been appointed to lifetime seats. Legislation can originate from either the Lords or the Commons. It is voted on in several distinct stages, called readings, in each house. First reading is merely a formality. Second reading is where the bill as a whole is considered. Third reading is detailed consideration of clauses of the bill.In addition to the three readings a bill also goes through a committee stage where it is considered in great detail. Once the bill has been passed by one house it goes to the other and essentially repeats the process. If after the two sets of readings there are disagreements between the versions that the two houses passed it is returned to the first house for consideration of the amendments made by the second. If it passes through the amendment stage Royal Assent is granted and the bill becomes law as an Act of Parliament.

INTRODUCTIONtoGreatBritainGreatBritainisthelargestIslandintheUK.InteractiveMapoftheUKGreatBritain(England,ScotlandandWales)issurroundedbyseasonallsidesandisseparatedfromtheEuropeancontinentbytheNorthSeaandtheEnglishChannel.Itisjust1,000kilometresfromthesouthcoasttothefarnorthandjustunder500kilometresinthewidestpart.NoplaceinGreatBritainismorethan120kilometresfromthesea.GreatBritainisoneofthemostdenselypopulatedcountriesofEurope,withthesouthernpartsofthecountryreachingthehighestdensityfiguresofEuropeasawhole.ThemainmountainregionsaretheCornishHeights,theCambrianinWales,theCambrianMountains(inLakeDistrict)andthePennies.ThehighestmountaininGreatBritainisBenNevisinScotland.TherearemanyriversinGreatBritain.AmongthemostimportantriversistheThames,whichflowsintotheNorthSea.Itslengthis336kmanditisthedeepestriveinBritain.ItisnavigableasfarasthecapitalofGreatBritain–London.ThelongestriverinBritainistheSevern.Itslengthis354km(220miles).OtherimportantriversincludetheTrent,theTayandtheTweed.(PoliticalmapofBritainshowingriversandmaintownsandcities)Thecapitalandlargestcity,London,isinthesoutheastandissituatedatbothsidesoftheRiverThames.GreaterLondonhasatotallandareaof1,580squarekilometreswithapopulationof6.6millioninhabitants.Itisdividedin32boroughs.

英国议会通常被称为“议会之母（其实是一个误引，谁说过：”英国是在1865年的议会之母“的约翰·布莱特），因为英国议会的模式，其他大多数议会制度，并其行为已经创造了许多其他的议会。 英国议会于1707年成立的联合行动，取代了前英格兰和苏格兰议会。进一步工会成英国议会在1801年的议会大不列颠及爱尔兰议会。 在英国，议会由下议院，上议院和君主。下议院由650名英国公民直接选举产生的代表单议席选区。一个党的领袖，赢得半数以上的席位不到一半，但可以依靠小党派的支持，以实现足够的支持，通过法律是由女王邀请组建新政府。上议院是一个机构的长期服务，非选举产生的成员：92人继承他们的职务（90人内部选举产生的众议院议员的到一生座位），26主教，而他们留在办公室，和588人已被任命为终身席位。 立法可以来自上议院或下议院。投票在几个不同的阶段，称为读数，每间房子。首读仅仅是一种形式。二读辩论该法案被认为是作为一个整体。三读的bill.In除了三读通过一项法案，也通过全体委员会审议阶段，它被认为是在非常详细的条款，详细考虑。一旦该法案已通过一个房子，去其他基本上重复的过程。如果在两套读数之间的分歧两院通过的版本，它返回到第一间房子审议的修订由第二。如果通过修订阶段御批被授予一项议会法案，该法案成为法律。