雨诺喜乐
七年级英语下册语法总结 一、一般现在时 1. 构成：主语+动词+其他 2. 标志词：always, usually, often, sometimes, never, 等频率副词。 3. 否定句：1)当动词是 be, can, may, must, should等在其后加not e.g. I can’t play football. 2)当是实义动词时加助动词don’t/doesn’t后跟动词原形 e.g. I don’t like football. She doesn’t like football. 4. 疑问句：1)当动词是 be, can, may, must, should等将其提前 e.g. Can you swim? 2)当是实义动词时将助动词do/does 放在前面，后跟主语和动词原形。 e.g. Does she like football? 5. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 e.g When does she usually get up in the morning? 二、现在进行时 1. 构成：主语+be+doing+其他 2. 动词→动词-ing变化规律： 1）一般情况下直接加-ing, eg. Working 2）以不发音e结尾的去e加-ing, eg. Taking 3）以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母加-ing, eg. Stopping 4）特殊变化, lie—lying 3. 标志词：look, listen, now, at the moment, it’s…o’clock… 4. 否定句：be动词后加not e.g. She is not listening to music. 5. 疑问句：将be动词提前 e.g . Is she listening to music? 6. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 e.g What is she doing now? 三、将来时 1. 构成：主语+be going to+动词原形 主语＋will＋动词原形 2. 标志词：tomorrow, next day/month/year等表示将来的时间 3. 否定句：be动词后加not；will后加not e.g. He is not going to have a piano lesson this weekend. He will not have a piano lesson this weekend. 4. 疑问句：将be动词提前；将will提前 e.g. Is he going to have a piano lesson this weekend? Will he going to have a piano lesson this weekend? 5. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 What are you going to do tomorrow?\ What will you do tomorrow? 四、过去时 1. 构成：主语+动词过去时+其他 2. 标志词：yesterday, just now, …ago, this morning, when I was young,last…等 3. 动词→动词过去式变化规律： 1）一般动词结尾加-ed, e.g. Walk--walked 2）以字母e结尾的动词加- d, e.g. Live--lived 3）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i加-ed, e.g. Hurry—hurried 4）以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母加-ed, eg. Stop –stopped 特殊变化详见课本P172 4. 否定句：1）动词be过去式后直接加not e.g. I was not in Chengdu last year. 2) 当是实义动词时，加助动词didn’t后跟动词原形5．There will be a basketball match tomorrow, won’t there? ★ 值得注意的是有时英语的谓语动词并不用否定式（即没加上not），而是用上了―never, little, few, hardly, nothing, nobody‖等表否定意义的词，后半部分应用肯定疑问式。 ① You have never been to Beijing, have you? ② Mr. Fat has few friends here, does he? ③ There is little milk in the bottle, is there? ④ He could do nothing, could he? 练习： 完成下列反意疑问句： 1. Mary listened to pop music,______ ______? 2. He has never been to Shanghai_____ _____? 3.He has few friends at school,______ _______? 4.The music sounds beautiful,_______ _______? 5.You can’t dance to jazz,______ _____? 6.They weren’t at the concert,______ _______? 7.Let’s stop writing,_______ _______? 8.Don’t be late,_______ ________? 五、动词不定式 动词不定式是初中英语的语法重点之一，也是每年中考英语试题的考点之一。它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为＂to+动词原形＂，to为动词不定式的符号，本身无意义。动词不定式具有两大特点： 1.具有动词的特点，因此，后面可以跟表语、宾语或状语，构成动词不定式短语。 2.具有名词、形容词或副词的特点，可以在句子中用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等。 （一）、动词不定式作主语 ( ) 1. It's hard for us ______English well. A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning ( )2. It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup. A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to ［简析］动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有：(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +名词短语(for sb)to do sth. 句式(1)中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式(2)中常用hard， difficult， easy， important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。 （二）、动词不定式作宾语 ( )1. He wants ______ some vegetables. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys ( )2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school. A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking ( )3. He found it very difficult ______. A. sleeping B. sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleep ［简析］在want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。 （三）、动词不定式作宾语补足语 ( )1. Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before. A. help him B. to help him with B. C. to help with D. helps him with ( )2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food. A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked ［简析］不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow 等。 （四）、动词不定式作状语 ( )1. She went ______ her teacher. A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing ( )2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best ______ English well. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns ［简析］go， come， try， do / try one's best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。 ( )3. I'm sorry ______ that. A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear ( )4. I'm sorry ______ you. A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled ( )5. My mother was very glad ______ her old friend. A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets ［简析］＂be +形容词+ to do sth＂结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。 （五）、动词不定式作定语 ( )1. Would you like something ______? A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks ( )2. I have a lot of homework ______. A. do B. doing C. did D. to do ( )3. He is not an easy man ______. A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with ［简析］不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。 （六）、不带to的动词不定式 ( )1. We saw him ______ the building and go upstairs. A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered ( )2. So much work usually makes them ______ very tired. A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel ( )3. Your father is sleeping. You'd better______. A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him C. not wake him up D. not to wake him up ［简析］1.在see， watch， hear， feel等感官动词和make， have， let等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to. 2.在＂had better＂后面接不带to的不定式。 （七）、动词不定式的否定形式 ( )1. The old man told the child ______ noisy. A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not ( )2. There is going to ______ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try ______ late. A. have， not to be B. have， not be C. be， not to be D. be， not be ［简析］动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to的前面加上not，如果是不带to的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上not. （八）、某些动词后面接不定式和接动词-ing形式的区别 ( )1. Please stop ______ a rest if you feel tired. A. to have B. having C. have D. has ( )2. ——Why didn't you buy some bread on your way home? ——Sorry, I forgot ______ some money with me. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took ( )3. ——Let's have a rest, shall we? ——Not now, I can't stop ______ the letters. A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write 4. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop ______ (walk). 六、双宾语用法要点 此结构由主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）组成。如， He brings me cookies every day. She made me a beautiful dress. 但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for,如， He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me. 用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。 用for侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。 常跟双宾语的动词有： （需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, return, send, show, teach,等。 （需借助for 的）buy, call, cook, choose, draw, get, make, sing,等。
谁可知心029
词组总结 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级 and 比较级） 表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助 向…要…（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够…… 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心；小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原） 将来时 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于…… 41 be good for 对什么有好处 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 44 be in good health 身体健康 45 be in trouble 处于困难中 46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣 47 be late for = come late to 迟到 48 be like 像…… 49 be mad at 生某人的气 50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料) 51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定 53 be on a visit to 参观 54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎 55 be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写 57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb 59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb 61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么 65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事 72 be the same as … 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 74 be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句 76 because+句子 because of +短语 77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么 78 between…and… 两者之间 79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西 80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同 81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth 82 by the end of 到……为止 83 call sb sth 84 care 关心 85 catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地 87 come in 进88 come over to 过来 89 come up with 提出 90 communicate with sb 和某人交流 91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 92 dance to 随着……跳舞 93 decide to do sth 决定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好 96 do wrong 做错 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意…… 99 each +名（单）每一个… 100 end up +doing 团队的补充 enjoy +doing喜欢 102 escape from 从……逃跑 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来 105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么 106 far from 离某地远 108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her 113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了） Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了） 114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好 116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处 117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth 120 get…from… 从某处得到某物 121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall 122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物 123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳 124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事 125 go out away from go out of 126 go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学） 127 good way to 好方法 128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事 129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会 130 have a talk 听报告 谈一谈 131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since 132 have been to …( 地方）……去过某过地方 have gone to …（地方） 去了某地还没回来 133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做 eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做 135 have to do sth 必须做某事 136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦 137 have…time +doing 138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假 139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事 140 help a lot 很大用处 141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 142 hope to do sth 希望做某事 143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing) 144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法 145 if : 是否＝wether 146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句 147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为 148 in some ways 在某些方面 149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后 150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方 （north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东 ） 151 in the sun 在太阳下 152 increase 增加 154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍 155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间 157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样 158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样 159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样 160 It's +adj(for sb) to do（对某人来说） 做某事怎么样 It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样 161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意 162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间 164 join = take part in 参加 165 just now 刚才 166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语 让什么保持什么样？ 167 keep out 不让 …… 进入 168 keep sb adj 让……保持…… 169 key to +名词 表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案 170 key to… anser to … key 可以是答题或钥匙 171 laugh at… 取笑…… 172 learn by oneslfe 自学 173 learn from sb 向某人学习 174 learn to do sth 学做某事 175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事 176 Let sb down 让某人失望 177 live from :离某地远 178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地 179 look after = take care of 照顾 照看 180 lose one's way 谁 迷 路 181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事 182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 183 make it early 把时间定的早一点 184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相 185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么样 187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样 188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 189 make up be made up of (被动语态）由……组成 190 make…difference to… 191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么 192 most +名 most of +代 193 much too +形容词 194 must be 一定 195 need +名词 196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do (实义动词） need do (情态动词） 198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing 199 no +名词 200 not anymore = no more 再也不…… 202 not…at all 一点都不 203 not…either 表否定，也不 204 not…until 直到……才…… 205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供 206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 207 on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上 208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈 210 on time 准时 in time 及时 211 one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天 212 one of +可数名词的复数形式 213 one to another 一个到另一个 214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 215 part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作 216 pay for… 付……钱 pay the bill 开钱 ，付钱 217 please +do 218 please help yourself 219 pleased with sb 220 pool into = pore into 221 practice +doing 练习做某事 222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢…… prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿 prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意… 223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句 224 rather…than 宁可……也不…… 225 regard…as 把……当作…… eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候 I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友 He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人 226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么 228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人 229 say to oneself 对自己说 230 say to sb 对某人说 231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上 232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁 233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事 234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are 235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事 236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样 237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物 238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？ 239 shock 使……震惊 240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看 242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 . 243 some…others… 一些……另一些…… 244 start…with… 从……开始 begin…with… 从……开始 245 stay away from 远离…… 246 stop doing 停下正在做的事 247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
威斯东wisdom
(1) 谓语动词have表示―有‖，有两种形式：have和has，前者用于第一人称(I, we)，第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they)，后者用于第三人称单数(he, she, it)或单数名词。 I have an apple and he has two bananas. 我有一个苹果，他有两个香蕉。 You have a new English teacher. 你们有了一个新的英语老师。
Julie and Jack have a nice car. 朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。
(2) have/has句型与there be句型的比较：两者都表示―有‖，但用法不同。前者表示所属关系，即表示―某人或某物有什么‖，而后者表示存在，表示―某地有什么。
They have some new books. 他们有一些新书。 There are some new books on their desks. 他们桌子上有一些新书。 She has a lot of pretty skirts. 她有很多漂亮的裙子。
There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop. 商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。
(3) have/ has的否定句，
一般要加助动词do/ does，再加not构成，即do not have (don’t have)/ does not have (doesn’t have) . She does not have a sister. 她没有姐姐。 We don’t have any classes on Saturday. 我们星期六没有课。
Ann and I don’t have a big room. 我和安没有一个大房间。
94) 一般疑问句由―助动词Do/ Does + 主语 + have + 宾语‖构成，回答用Yes, … do/ does.或者No, … don’t/ doesn’t. --Do you have a big house? 他们的房子大吗? --No, they don’t. 不，他们的房子不大。 --Does he have an eraser? 他有橡皮吗?
--Yes, he does. 他有的。
(5) 特殊疑问句由特殊
疑问词 + 助动词do/ does + have (+状语)构成。 What do they have? 他们有什么?
What does he have? 他有什么?
How many telephones do they have? 他们有几部电话?
介词用法：
(1) 具体时间前介词用at。
He gets up at half past seven every day. 他每天七点半起床。
She goes to bed at
eleven o’clock. 她十一点睡觉。
(2) 表示―在早上，在下午，在晚上‖的短语中用介词in，且定冠词the不能省略;表示―在中午，在夜里‖的短语中介词用at，不加冠词。
in the morning在早上，in the afternoon 在下午，in the evening 在晚上 at noon在中午，at night在夜里
(3) 表示―在某天‖、―在某天的上午、下午等‖的短语用介词on。
What do you usually do on Monday morning? 星期一上午你通常做什么? He watches DVDs on Saturday night. 星期六晚上他看DVD。
Parents take children to parks on June 1. 六月一日，家长们带着孩子去公园。
(4) 在this, last, next, every等词前面既不加介词，也不用冠词。
What are you doing this afternoon? 今天下午你做什么?
He visits his grandma every Friday. 他每个星期五都去看望祖母。
She is going to Shanghai next Monday. 她下个星期一去上海。
一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或表示现在的特征或状态。 其动词形式是：动词原形(只有第三人称单数作主语时除外，要加-s)其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does
(1) 肯定句用行为动词原形表示
They get up very early every morning. 他们每天早晨起来很早。
I visit my grandparents four times a month. 我一个月去看望祖父母四次。
(2) 否定句用don’t + 动词原形来表示
We do not go shopping
on Sundays. 我们周日不去购物。
I don’t think you like this colour. 我想你不喜欢这个颜色。
(3) 一般疑问句则是把助动词do提前至句首，后面动词用原形。回答时，肯定用 ―Yes, 主语+do‖;否定句用 ―No, 主语+don’t‖。
–Do they go to school at seven o’clock? 他们七点去上学吗?
--Yes, they do.
--Do you like this skirt? 你喜欢这条裙子吗?
--No, I don’t. 不，我不喜欢。
一般现在时用来表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与以下的时间状语连用：often 经常，always 总是，sometimes 有时，usually 通常，every day/ week 每天/ 周等。
He usually goes to school by bike. 通常他骑车上学。
I visit my grandparents every week. 我每个星期都去看祖父母。
She is always late for class. 她总是上课迟到。 My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. 我和父母有时出去吃饭。
主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时
一般现在时态，当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词也要是第三人称单数，后要加-s或-es。 He likes reading atnight. 他喜欢夜里读书。
She usually goes to school by bike. 她平时骑车上学。
The little cat drinks milk every day. 小猫每天都喝牛奶。
1.复习词汇：
baseballsoccerball,have
2.词汇： tennis,racket,bat,volley,basketball,television,interesting,boring,fun,difficult,relaxing,welcome,our,sports,center,like,we,many,club,pingpong,more,join,class
3.句型：
DoyouhaveaTV?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.
Dotheyhavecomputer?Yes,theydo./No,theydon't.
Doeshe/shehaveasoccerball?Yes,he/shedoes.No,he/shedoesn't.
DoesChiyounghaveabaseball?Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn't.
Let'splaysoccer.Idon'thaveasoccerball.
Well,Let'splayvolleyball.Thatsoundsgood.
语法重点：
行为动词have的一般现在时的用法;使用do和does引导的一般疑问句的构成和使用。
[第一类] 名词类
1. 这些女老师们在干什么?
[误] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析] 在英语中，当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时，作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时，要用其复数形式men, women.
2. 房间里有多少人?
[误] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作“人、人们”解时，是个集合名词，其单复数同形。
3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。
[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.
[析] 表示不可数名词的数量时，常用“a/ an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构，其中当数词大于1时，表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。
[第二类] 动词类
4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?
[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时，句中的谓语动词用其原形。
5. 琳达晚上经常做作业，但今晚她在看电视。
[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening shewatching TV.
[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening sheis watching TV.
[析] 在初一英语学习阶段，我们接触到了两种主要时态：一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常和often, usually, sometimes 等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中，若主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，现在进行时由be(am / is / are)+ving形式构成。
6. 这双鞋是红色的。
[误] This pair of shoes are red.
[正] This pair of shoes is red.
[析] 在shoes,trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时，谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。
[第三类] 代词类
7. 这张票是她的，不是我的。
[误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.
[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.
[析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词，而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。
8. 吴老师教我们英语。
[误] Miss Wu teaches our English.
[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析] teach sb. sth..中的sb.作teach的宾语，因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。
[第四类] 介词类
9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗?
[误] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析] 英语中用“theanswer to …”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。
10. 格林先生星期六上午来这里。
[误] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析] 表示在上午、下午等时，介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时，介词要用on.
11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。
[误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[析] 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时，只能用in，其他介词没有此用法。
一、七年级英语语法--词法
(一)名词
1.名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的'构成如下：
(1)在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
(2)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
(3)①以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
②以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
(4)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
(5)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
(6)单复数相同(不变的)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
(7)一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
(8)单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员
(9)合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
(10)有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
(11) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs
(12) 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
2.名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：
(1)单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
(2)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’ Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day妇女节
(3)由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间)，Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
(二)代词
项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
(三)动词
1.第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数复数那样加s，如下：
(1)一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
(2)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes
(3)①以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
②以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
(4)以o结尾加es。如：does, goes
(5)特殊的有：are-is, have-has
2.现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：
(1)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
(2)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
(3)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
(4)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
(四)形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：
(1) 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
(2)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
(3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
(4)特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
(五)数词 (基变序，有规则;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、七年级英语语法--句式
(一)陈述句
肯定陈述句
1. This is a book. (be动词)
2. He looks very young. (连系动词)
3. I want a sweat like this. (实义动词)
4. I can bring some things to school. (情态动词)
5. There’s a computer on my desk. (There be结构)
否定陈述句
1. These aren’t their books.
2.They don’t look nice.
3. Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School.
4. Kate can’t find her doll.
5. There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.)
(二)祈使句
肯定祈使句
1. Please go and ask the man.
2. Let’s learn English!
3. Come in, please.
否定祈使句
1. Don’t be late.
2. Don’t hurry.
(三)疑问句
1. 一般疑问句
(1)Is Jim a student?
(2) Can I help you?
(3) Does she like salad?
(4) Do they watch TV?
(5) Is she reading?
肯定回答:
(1) Yes, he is.
(2) Yes, you can.
(3) Yes, she does.
(4) Yes, they do.
(5) Yes, she is.
否定回答:
(1) No, he isn’t.
(2) No, you can’t.
(3) No, she doesn’t.
(4) No, they don’t.
(5) No, she isn’t.
2. 选择疑问句
Is the table big or small?
回答 It’s big./ It’s small.
3.特殊疑问句
(1) 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.
(2) 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
(3) 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.
(4) 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.
How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.
(5) 问原因 Why do you want to join the club?
(6) 问时间 What’s the time? (=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.
When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.
(7) 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.
(8) 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.
What’s your favourite color? It’s black.
(9) 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.
Who is the boy in blue? My brother.
Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.
Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
(10) 问东西 What’s this/that (in English)? It’s a pencil case.
What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.
(11) 问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.
What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.
What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.
(12) 问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.
(13) 问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.
(14) 问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.
(15) 问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.
(16) 问谓语(动作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.
(17) 问职业(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher.
What’s your father? He’s a doctor.
三、七年级英语语法--时态
(一)一般现在时
表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：
Be 动词：She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.
情态动词：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.
行为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.
(二)现在进行时
表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.
They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.
夏天的小雾
初一英语语法训练题
英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后，系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的.使用。以下是我为大家整理的初一英语语法训练题相关内容，仅供参考，希望能够帮助大家！
初一英语语法训练-基础题
1. Our school is _________ a park and a big library.
A. between B. next C. across D. in
2. Tom and Mike enjoy _______ TV.
A. see B. watch C. watching D. to watch
3. Lets __________________ .
A. go shopping B. went shopping C. goes shopping D. going shopping
4. They want _________ the zoo very much.
A. to go B. to go to C. go to D. going to
5. There ______ some Chinese girls in Miss Gaos class.
A. is B. are C. am D. will
6. _________ do you come from? China.
A. When B. Where C. Why D. Who
7. We had fun in ______ games.
A. play B. plays C. to play D. playing
8. _______ it going? Pretty good!
A. Hows B. Whats C. How D. Wheres
9. Thank you very much. ________.
A. Youre welcome B. Thats rightC. Youre right D. Dont thank me
10. Thank you for _____ us so much help.
A. giving B. give C. to give D. gives
11. Can you tell _____ the way to the shop?
A. he B. his C. her D. she
12. Youd better _____ a taxi to the park.
A. to take B. takes C. take D. taking
13. ______ you _____ a cup of tea? Yes, please.
A. Are, like B. Does, like C. Do, like D. Would, like
14. I dont like cabbage _______.
A. at all B. a little C. a lot of D. very
15. How many ____ do you want?
A. rice B. tomatos C. pieces of bread D. potato
16. My work is interesting, but _____ dangerous.
A. a kind of B. a kind C. kinds of
初一英语语法训练-提高题
1. Our school is _________ a park and a big library.
A. between B. next C. across D. in
2. Tom and Mike enjoy _______ TV.
A. see B. watch C. watching D. to watch
3. Lets __________________ .
A. go shopping B. went shopping C. goes shopping D. going shopping
4. They want _________ the zoo very much.
A. to go B. to go to C. go to D. going to
5. There ______ some Chinese girls in Miss Gaos class.
A. is B. are C. am D. will
6. _________ do you come from? China.
A. When B. Where C. Why D. Who
7. We had fun in ______ games.
A. play B. plays C. to play D. playing
8. _______ it going? Pretty good!
A. Hows B. Whats C. How D. Wheres
9. Thank you very much. ________.
A. Youre welcome B. Thats rightC. Youre right D. Dont thank me
10. Thank you for _____ us so much help.
A. giving B. give C. to give D. gives
11. Can you tell _____ the way to the shop?
A. he B. his C. her D. she
12. Youd better _____ a taxi to the park.
A. to take B. takes C. take D. taking
13. ______ you _____ a cup of tea? Yes, please.
A. Are, like B. Does, like C. Do, like D. Would, like
14. I dont like cabbage _______.
A. at all B. a little C. a lot of D. very
15. How many ____ do you want?
A. rice B. tomatos C. pieces of bread D. potato
16. My work is interesting, but _____ dangerous.
A. a kind of B. a kind C. kinds of D. D. kind of
17. Lets _____ TV now.
A. to watch B. watch C. look D. see
18. Mother often goes ______ on Sundays.
A. shop B. a shop C. buy D. shopping
19. We often play ____ after school.
20. He is very hungry. He buys ____ hamburgers.
A. many B. much C. a lots of D. all of them
21. "What does he do?" means ____________
A. who is he B. Where is he C. What is he D. what is he doing
22. The girl wants ______ a doctor.
A. being B. to C. to be D. to do
23. Please _____ late for school next time.
A. dont be B. arent C. doesnt be D. be not
24. My parents often cook noodles ____ me.
A. to B. for C. in D. of
25. One of the children _____ in the river last summer.
A. was swimming B. is swimming C. are swimming D. were swimming
26. _______ are the books? They are 20 yuan.
A. How much B. What C. How many D. How money
27. Sorry, Im late ______ school.
A. for B. to C. at D. from
28. She _____ lunch at home yesterday.
A. doesnt B. didnt have C. doesnt have D. hasnt
29. Would you like _____ orange juice ?
Yes, please A. some B. any C. a D. many
30. We _____ to a movie last Sunday.
A. go B. went C. did go D. was go
31. What _____ your sister _____? She is an actor.
A. does, does B. do, does C. does, do D. do, do
32. Why not ______ see the smart dolphins?
A. come to B. to come C. coming and D. coming
33. We can ______ taxi to the town.
A. by B. take C. ride D. take a
34. Welcome to our school! ____________!
A. Fine B. Thank you C. It doesnt matter D. Very good
35. We often _____ TV after school.
A. are watch B. watch C. watches D. watching
36. What time is it? __________.
A. Its fine B. Its OK C. Its Tuesday D. Its nine
37. Lets take some ________.
A. photo B. photoes C. photos for you
38. Yesterday, there ______ nobody in the room.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
39. What time do you leave school ______ the weekend?
A. in B. on C. / D. of
40. You can _____ it in English. He can ______ English well.
A. speak, speak B. tells, sayC. say, speak D. talks, say
