巨匠智能家居
declare/dɪˈkler/v.宣布,声明 e.g. 英文释义:to say sth. officially or publicly 搭配短语:declare sth. constitutional/ˌkɑːnstɪˈtuːʃənl/ adj. 宪法的,章程的 e.g. 词性拓展:constitution (n.) 英文释义:a set of basic laws that a country is governed by confrontation/ˌkɑːnfrənˈteɪʃn/ n. 冲突,对峙 e.g. 词性拓展:confront (v.) momentum/moʊˈmentəm/ n. 势头,推动力 e.g. 英文释义:the ability to keep increasing or developing 例句:We needed strong momentum right up until the last minute. grinding/ˈɡraɪndɪŋ/ adj. 无休止的,毫无起色的 e.g. 英文释义:very difficult and unpleasant, and never seeming to improve 例句:Most African countries suffer from grinding poverty. unilateral/ˌjuːnɪˈlætrəl/ adj. 单边的,单方的 e.g. 词根词缀:uni-(单一的) 搭配短语:unilateral trade 搭配短语:unilateral control 搭配短语:unilateral agreement 相关词汇:bilateral, multilateral incite/ɪnˈsaɪt/ v. 刺激,煽动 e.g. 近义词:provoke 搭配短语:to incite crime 搭配短语:to incite racial hatred 搭配短语:to incite violence词义辨析 incite,provoke 二者都有“刺激,煽动”的意思,区别在于 provoke 后面可以接中性或者褒义的名词,而 incite 常和一些不太好的事情连用。 condemnation/ˌkɑːndemˈneɪʃn/ n. 谴责,指责 e.g. 词性拓展:condemn (v.) 搭配短语:strong condemnation 搭配短语:widespread condemnation 搭配短语:universal condemnation 搭配短语:express condemnation 搭配短语:issue condemnation 例句:I can only express my strong condemnation of this dreadful behaviour. abuse/əˈbjuːs/ n. 滥用(权力) e.g. 词根词缀:ab-(偏离) overturn/ˌoʊvərˈtɜːrn/ v. 推翻,撤销(判决等) e.g. 英文释义:to officially decide that a legal decision is not correct, and to make it no longer valid divert/daɪˈvɜːrt/ v. 转移,改变(资金)的用途 e.g. 搭配短语:divert sth. from A to B spectrum/ˈspektrəm/ n. 范围,系列 e.g. 英文释义:a range of different positions, opinions, etc. between two extreme points precedent/ˈpresɪdənt/ n. 先例,前例 e.g. 例句:The court's decision has set a legal precedent. 词性拓展:precedented (adj.) 词性拓展:unprecedented (adj.) 例句: This century has witnessed environmental destruction on an unprecedented scale. commander in chief 总司令,总指挥 wave a magic wand 挥动魔杖,施展魔法
佐鉺三鉺洞
How to fix the world's energy emergency without wrecking the climate 如何在不破坏气候的情况下解决全球能源危机 This year's energy shock is the most serious since the Middle Eastern oil crises of 1973 and 1979. Like those calamities, it promises to inflict short-term pain and in the longer term to transform the energy industry. The pain is all but guaranteed: owing to high fuel and power prices, most countries are facing soggy growth, inflation, squeezed living standards and a savage political backlash.今年爆发的能源危机是自1973和1979年中东石油危机以来最为严重的一次。与上述两次石油危机一样,本轮能源危机在短期内会带来经济阵痛,从长期来看将使能源产业发生变革。短期阵痛无可避免:由于燃料和能源价格高企,很多国家都面临着经济增长停滞,通货膨胀攀升,生活水平下降,以及严重的政治反弹。But the long-run consequences are far from preordained. If governments respond ineptly, they could trigger a relapse towards fossil fuels that makes it even harder to stabilise the climate. Instead they must follow a perilous path that combines security of energy supply with climate security.但长期后果却绝非在所难免。政府如应对拙劣,则有可能会导致向化石能源倒退,要稳定气候将难上加难。相反,政府必须走一条既能保障能源供给安全又能实现气候安全的艰险之路。In Europe what was long imagined as a nightmare of freezing midwinter nights has instead erupted as a midsummer fever dream. A hearwave forced Spanish gas demand to near-record highs, even as, on June 14th, Russia began to lower the flow of gas along the Nord Stream 1 pipeline to Western Europe,sending prices soaring by 50% and raising fears that rationing may be introduced later this year.在欧洲,长期以来人们想象中的噩梦场景是天寒地冻的隆冬夜晚,现在却被仲夏高温热浪的噩梦所侵袭。热浪侵袭迫使西班牙天然气需求暴涨至接近历史最高水平,在此之际,6月14日俄罗斯却开始削减北溪1号管道向西方的天然气供应,刺激天然气价格飙升50%,人们也日益担心今年晚些时候恐要实行能源定额供给。Elsewhere, Americans are paying $5 for a gallon of petrol(€1.25 a litre), fuelling the inflation that opinion polls say it their biggest worry and President Joe Biden's worst headache. Australia's power market has failed. Everywhere you look there are shortages and fragility.再看其他地区,美国的石油价格已涨至5美元一加仑(合1.25欧元每升),进一步推高了通胀,民调显示这是人们最大的担忧,也是拜登总统最头痛的问题;澳大利亚的电力市场已经崩溃。放眼全球,到处都遭受着短缺和脆弱。Energy shocks can become political catastrophes. Perhaps a third of the rich world's inflation of 8% is explained by soaring fuel and power costs. Households struggling to pay bills are angry, leading to policies aimed at insulating them and boosting fossil-fuel production, however dirty.能源危机有可能会演变成政治灾难。发达国家8%的通胀率中有三分之一是由燃料及动力成本飙升造成的。普通家庭难以维持生计,怨声载道,迫使政府采取政策平息民怨,增加肮脏化石燃料的生产。Mr Biden, who came to power promising a green revolution, plans to suspend petrol taxes and visit Saudi Arabia to ask it to pump more oil. Europe has emergency windfall levies, subsidies, price caps and more. In Germany, as air-conditioners whine, coal-fired power plants are being taken out of mothballs. (...) and India state-run mining firms that the climate-conscious hoped were on a fast track to extinction are digging up record amounts of coals.拜登上台时承诺要发起一场绿色革命,现在却计划暂停征收燃油税,并将访问沙特阿拉伯,游说其增加石油产量。欧洲采取紧急额外征税、补贴、限价及其他措施。由于空调使用量大增,德国正重启燃煤电厂。环保主义者心心念念希望能快速关停的(...)和印度的国有矿企,产煤量创下历史新高。This improvised chaos is understandable but potentially disastrous, because it could stall the clean-energy transition. Public handouts and tax-breaks for fossil fuels will be hard to withdraw. Dirty new power plants and oil-and gasfields with 30-to 40-year lifespans would give their owners more reason to resist fossil-fuel phase-outs. That is why, even as they firefight, governments must focus on tackling the fundamental problems confronting the energy industry.煤炭复兴临时搅局,虽有情可原但恐会造成灾难性后果,因为它或会延迟清洁能源转型。一旦对化石能源提供公共拨款和税收减免,将很难撤销。新建”肮脏“燃煤电厂和油气田的生命周期为30到40年,这就让其所有者更有理由抵制对化石燃料进行逐步淘汰。这就是为何政府即使采取救急措施,也必须关注于解决能源产业所面临的基础问题。One priority is finding a way to ramp up fossil-fuel projects, especially relatively clean natural gas, that have an artificially truncated lifespan of 15-20 years so as to align them with the goal of dramatically cutting emissions by 2050. In particular Europe and Asia, which must wean themselves off Russian gas and coal respectively, have too little liquefied natural gas(LNG) capacity.一个当务之急是想办法增加使用寿命人为截短到15到20年的化石燃料项目,特别是相对清洁的天然气项目,以符合2025年大幅减排的目标。尤其是必须分别摆脱对俄罗斯天然气和石油依赖的欧洲和亚洲,液化天然气接收设施却非常有限。The trick is to get business to back schemes designed to be shortlived. One option is for governments and energy grids to offer guaranteed contracts over this period that provide an adequate return on the understanding that capacity will be shut down early. Another is to pledge eventual state support to make these projects cleaner, for example through carbon capture and storage.解决办法是鼓励企业投资针对短期设计的项目。一种做法是以提前关停生产为条件,政府和能源电网与企业签定保障性合同以保障其获得足够利润。另一种做法是政府承诺最终给予支持对这些项目进行环保改造,比如采取碳捕获与存储的途径。This does not mean easing up on the drive towards renewables-the most successful part, to date, of the world's generally poor response to the climate crisis. Every extra kilowatt-hour from the sun fed into Europe's electricity grids is one fewer that comes down a Russian pipeline. Governments must improve the reach, capacity and storage capabilities of their grids and remove the obstacles that continue to make it harder to add renewable capacity than it should be. The design of power grids and markets is squarely a matter for governments and they are too often trapped in 20th-century thinking.这并不意味着放松推动可再生能源转型,迄今为止总体而言全球对气候危机反应不够积极,可再生能源转型算是其中最积极的响应对策。每多一千瓦时太阳能进入欧洲电网,就等于减少了一千瓦时俄罗斯通过管道输送的天然气。政府必须提高电网的覆盖范围、容量和存储量,并消除障碍把可再生能源发电容量接入电网,这本不该如此困难。电网和市场设计完全是政府的责任,但政府却常常陷于20世纪的旧思维之中。As our Technology Quarterly reports, 21st-century thinking turns on new ways to provide smart, resilient grids with the zero-carbon "firm" power that makes dependence on renewables safe and effective. Hydrogen stripped from water with renewable electricity, or from natural gas with steam in facilities that store the emissions, may be crucial here. So, in many places, may nuclear power. Climate-conscious atomic enthusiasts often focus on whizzy but unproven small-scale nuclear plants. What matters more is to improve the building of big ones.正如我们的科技季刊所报道的,21世纪思维会寻求新方法,打造智能坚韧的电网,提供零碳”稳定“电力,安全高效使用可再生能源。利用可再生电力从水中提炼氢,或在碳存储设施中利用蒸汽从天然气中提炼氢,也许是关键所在。在很多地方开发核能也会起到重要作用。有环保意识的原子能爱好者往往关注于新式但未经检验的小型核电站。更重要的是如何改进大型核电站的修建。Where there is strong and co-ordinatd anti-nuclear opinion, governments must win support by showing that there are better safeguards against accidents (see Culture section) and new ways to store waste, as our report from Finland explains(see Science & technology section). Politicaians need to tell voters that their desire for an energy transition that eschews both fossil fuels and nuclear power is a dangerous illusion.在公众一致强烈反对核能的国家,政府务必要赢得民众支持,途径是向民众展示,如我们关于芬兰的报道所解释的(请看科学与技术专栏),有更好的安全措施预防事故发生,有新的方法存储核废料。政客需要告知选民,希望同时放弃化石燃料和核能而实现能源转型只是个危险的幻想。The last necessity is to make the industry predictable. That may sound strange given that 20th-century energy markets coped with wars, coups, revolutions, booming Chinese demand and new technology. But the climate transition has added an extra layer of uncertainty even as it simultaneously requires a massive increase in investment. In order to reach net-zero emissions by 2050, annual investment needs to double to $5trn a year, according to the International Energy Agency. The risk is that this latest crisis, and the chaotic government response to it, make investors warier instead.最后是有必要实现能源产业的可预测。考虑到20世纪能源市场应对了战争、政变、革命、中国需求激增及新科技出现,这么说听起来很奇怪。虽然实现气候转型需要大幅增加投资,但同时气候转型也额外添加了一丝不确定性。据国际能源组织预测,为了在2050年实现净零排放,每年的投资额需加倍至5万亿美元。风险在于,最新的这场能源危机以及政府应对上的混乱无序,反而会让投资者更为谨慎。Spurring investment means eschewing gimmicks including greenwashing, protectionist plans to build domestic green supply chains, and silly prohibitions by banks on gas projects. Instead it will require steadily extending measures with more certainty about which energy sources can be used and for how long.刺激投资意味着不要耍花招,比如漂绿、建立国内绿色供应链等保护主义方案,以及愚蠢地禁止银行投资天然气项目等。相反,刺激投资需要稳步扩大推行能够提高关于可用能源来源及使用寿命确定性的措施。That means enhanced disclosure so that firms understand the externalities they create, an expansion of carbon prices so that they have a sense of the cost of pollution, and regulations that mandate the phasing out of dirty technologies. The great energy shock of 2022 is calamity. But it could also be the moment when better government policy triggers the investment needed to resolve the conflict between having a safer supply of energy and a safer climate.这意味着加强信息披露,使企业了解自己创造的外部因素;扩大碳价应用范围,使企业污染成本;制定规章,强制逐步淘汰肮脏技术。2022年的能源危机是灾难性的,但它也可能是一个让政府制定出更好政策以鼓励投资的时机,解决能源供应安全与气候安全的冲突离不开投资。
莫小木木木
不管考雅思、托福还是GMAT、GRE,亦或者考专八、MTI等,不仅需要大量做题,往往还需要大量的外刊阅读。
而且这部分考试的很多原题都是直接从外刊上摘取,就算不考虑这部分因素,外刊的阅读也有益于扩展你的英语知识库,熟悉英语阅读,积累更多的写作或口语素材。
英语外刊那么多,也并非全部都要看,贪多不烂,更何况质量也参差不齐,那么问题来了,哪些外刊最有用呢?小叮当来给你带来介绍。
一、国家地理 National Geographic
在大多数读者眼中,国家地理杂志意味着权威、科学性、准官方,它更像是一本百科全书而不仅仅是一本杂志。
这本杂志看上去感觉是介绍美国地理,其实经过一百多年的发展,其内容早已超出地理学的范围,涉及社会、历史、风土人情、摄影、文化、美食等内容。
在过去的一百多年里,它的视角立足全球,从极地到内陆,从海底到月球,从草原森林中残存的原始部落,到现代化都市中奔忙的人群。它不但记录了地理的概貌,而且记录了一百多年来世界政治、经济、历史和文化的变迁,记录了人类的梦想和追求。
之所以推荐NG,是因为该杂志图文并茂,趣味性爆表,并且词汇和句式相对简单,同时又具备很高的文学性,绝对能给你带来极大的阅读快感,让你在无形中提升英语。
二、经济学人 The Economist
《经济学人》是一份由伦敦经济学人报纸有限公司出版的杂志,创办于1843年9月,杂志主要关注政治和商业方面的新闻,但是每期也有一两篇针对科技和艺术的报导,以及一些书评。
而且《The Economist》杂志中所有文章都不署名,而且往往带有鲜明的立场,但又处处用事实说话,也正是基于此,通常能够深刻影响学生党的世界观和认知观,搭建英语语感的思维方式。
《The Economist》在语言方面的精巧使用和再创造堪称英语杂志最佳。它坐拥一系列牛津大学出身的总编辑,是学习英语写作的超级范本,其语言风格机智、严谨、有力度,用词也紧跟时代发展的潮流。
当然,对于中国来说,最重要的还是《The Economist》是所有英语考试的题源,包括高考英语、CATTI翻译证书、MTI考研、托福、雅思、专四专八、四六级、考研英语、GMAT、GRE等等。
三、科学 Science
该杂志于1880年由爱迪生投资1万美元创办,是发表最好的原始研究论文、以及综述和分析当前研究和科学政策的同行评议的期刊之一,也是全世界最权威的学术期刊之一。
有些人可能会担心《科学》杂志的内容过于晦涩难懂而难以阅读,这个大可以放心,虽然它的科学新闻报道、综述、分析、书评等部分,都是权威的科普资料,但该杂志也适合一般读者阅读,英语基础只要不错就可以尝试阅读。
如果说大部分杂志比较适合文科生的话,《科学》绝对是理工科学生的心头挚爱,特别是研究生和博士生,如果要发表SCI论文,《科学》更能提供最前沿的科学思维和写作方式。
四、纽约客 The New Yorker
创刊于1925的《纽约客》已经走过了90多年,历经纸媒、电子媒体和社交媒体的更迭,它不是完全的新闻杂志,然而它对美国和国际政治、社会重大事件的深度报道也是其特色之一。
首先,必须承认《纽约客》是本文青刊物,专栏囊括小说、诗歌评论、书评、影评、乐评等。同时,对于时事与国内、国际政治的深度报道显示了其追求极致的野心,高质量的报道常常让它受到普利策奖的垂青。
相比于《经济学人》与《科学》的精英学术,《纽约客》更适合年轻人一窥当代美式文艺与腔调。ACT、托福、雅思考试里常常会出现《纽约客》的文章。
五、时代周刊 TIME
《时代周刊》作为全世界发行量最大且最主要的新闻杂志,封面人物代表了举足轻重的新闻热度。能登上《时代周刊》封面的人物都是在全球政治、经济、文化等领域引起了风暴的人,而这其中重中之重,就是杂志每年的“年度人物”(Persons of the year)。
而且时代周刊的权威性不仅仅是靠封面那些大人物带动的,它见证了这个世界近一百年的风云变幻,文章相对客观,有深度,基本上看时代周刊就能较为准确的了解世界上近期发生的大事,经济,科技,人文方面的一些最新进展,而这些内容又往往紧扣时代的命题,也需要英语学习者一直不断阅读、学习。
六、读者文摘 Reader's Digest
说到《读者文摘》(Reader's Digest),大多数人第一时间会想到中国的《读者》,实际上这是完全不同的杂志。
Reader's Digest1922年创刊,是一本能引起大众广泛兴趣的内容丰富的家庭杂志。这份每月出刊的杂志文章风格简明易懂,内容丰富广阔,且多富含恒久的价值和趣味。
同时,它还致力于为各个年龄、各种文化背景的读者提供信息、开阔视野、陶冶身心、激励精神。
它所涉猎的主题有健康保健、大众科学、体育运动、美食烹饪、旅游休闲、金融与政治、家居与园艺、艺术与娱乐、商业与文化。其他固定的专栏还包括了笑话、谜语、测试、动画及读者来信。
七、名利场
Vanity Fair是美国老牌杂志,创刊于1913年,借用十九世纪英国名作家威廉·萨克雷(William Thackeray)成名作名利俱乐部命名,同样定位于上层社会的浮华世界。
名利场扮演着“从新星到巨星”的全球最华贵舞台提供者的角色,更让人佩服的是,它在国家杂志评奖中在最佳杂志、摄影、专栏、随笔和评论上均获提名。这种浮于华丽世界中却扎实经营杂志本体的内容建设的用心值得称颂。
内容涉及上层社会生活方式,品味,宴会话题,明星生活,艺术,体育,幽默等,还根据大众兴趣推出社会突发事件和热点问题。如果你是走在时尚潮流沿线的青年,适合志于进军时尚圈的你。
八、新科学家
《New Scientist》是一个自由的国际化科学杂志,内容关于最近的科技发展,网站开始于1996年,登载每天的关于科技界的新闻。杂志并非是一个经过同行评议的科学杂志,但被科学家和非科学家广为传阅,杂志还经常刊登一些评论,比如气候变化等环境问题。
在英国,《New Scientist》是每一个学校的Science系必须具备的杂志,里面介绍了许多高端的科学项目,比如BioPhysics的离子加速器,BioChemistry 的基因工程等。书中还宣传许多科技活动,比如专家公开演讲等。主要阅读者是在英国就读A level-science课程和大学Science的学生和导师。
多个考试阅读考题必备题源,该杂志会经常刊登一些环境问题,这类内容很有可能出现在自然科学类阅读题中。你做过的每本剑桥雅思真题,都有这本杂志的原文哦!
wc:thinku700 了解雅思课程