茅盾文学奖英文

英文介绍：

Ordinary World is completed by  Lu Yao  in May 1988 of a million words long masterpiece. Is a panoramic view to the performance of urban and rural social life in contemporary novels. The book is three.

On a broad background in the last decade, through complex conflicts and disputes of all walks of life depicted the image of many ordinary people. Labor and love, frustration and the pursuit of pain and joy, life and enormous social conflicts, complicated and interwoven, deeply era show ordinary people in the historical process of the path traversed by difficulties and setbacks. In particular the plight of the hero to face the spirit of hard work, today there is still a great impact on people.

中文介绍：

平凡世界是由路遥于1988年5月完成的一百万字长的杰作， 是当代小说中城乡社会生活表现的全景， 全书为三本。

在过去十年的广泛背景下，通过各行各业的复杂冲突和纠纷描绘了许多普通人的形象， 劳动与爱情、挫折与追求痛苦与欢乐，生活与巨大的社会矛盾，复杂而交织，深刻的时代表现了普通人在历史进程中经历的艰难与挫折之路。 特别是英雄面对艰苦奋斗精神的困境，今天对人们的影响仍然很大

扩展资料：

《平凡的世界》是从1975年开始创作的，而20世纪80年代中后期的文化背景是各种文学新思潮风起云涌，现代派、意识流等文学观念风靡一时，文学创作在形式和技巧上的求变求新令人目不暇接。与此相反，传统现实主义创作却受到“冷落” 。甚至有批评家认为，路遥的另一部小说《人生》的现实主义创作手法是落伍的，但路遥仍然坚持创作完成了这部小说。

路遥三年准备、三年创作，为了扩充视野、掌握资料，他进行了大量的阅读，包括近百部长篇小说，前后近十年的报纸以及其他相关书籍，过着“早晨从中午开始”的生活，同时，他还奔波于社会各阶层体验生活。第一部初稿的写作是在一个偏僻的煤矿医院开始的，从他的创作随笔《早晨从中午开始》可以看到他对文学事业执着的信心和付出的代价：“写作整个地进人狂热状态。身体几乎不存在；生命似乎就是一种纯粹的精神形式，日常生活变为机器人性质”。第二部初稿的写作是在黄土高原腹地的一个偏僻小县城进行的，因为生活没有规律，路遥身体严重透支，最后病倒了。后来吃了百余副汤药，身体略有恢复，他依靠一股精神力量，继续写作。第三部的初稿改在榆林宾馆进行。1988年5月25日，路遥终于完成了《平凡的世界》的全部创作。

参考资料：平凡的世界-百度百科

英文介绍：

Ordinary World is completed by  Lu Yao  in May 1988 of a million words long masterpiece. Is a panoramic view to the performance of urban and rural social life in contemporary novels. The book is three.

On a broad background in the last decade, through complex conflicts and disputes of all walks of life depicted the image of many ordinary people. Labor and love, frustration and the pursuit of pain and joy, life and enormous social conflicts, complicated and interwoven, deeply era show ordinary people in the historical process of the path traversed by difficulties and setbacks. In particular the plight of the hero to face the spirit of hard work, today there is still a great impact on people.

中文介绍：

平凡世界是由路遥于1988年5月完成的一百万字长的杰作， 是当代小说中城乡社会生活表现的全景， 全书为三本。

在过去十年的广泛背景下，通过各行各业的复杂冲突和纠纷描绘了许多普通人的形象， 劳动与爱情、挫折与追求痛苦与欢乐，生活与巨大的社会矛盾，复杂而交织，深刻的时代表现了普通人在历史进程中经历的艰难与挫折之路。 特别是英雄面对艰苦奋斗精神的困境，今天对人们的影响仍然很大

拓展资料：

《平凡的世界》是中国作家路遥创作的一部百万字的小说。这是一部全景式地表现中国当代城乡社会生活的长篇小说，全书共三部。1986年12月首次出版。

该书以中国70年代中期到80年代中期十年间为背景，通过复杂的矛盾纠葛，以孙少安和孙少平两兄弟为中心，刻画了当时社会各阶层众多普通人的形象；劳动与爱情、挫折与追求、痛苦与欢乐、日常生活与巨大社会冲突纷繁地交织在一起，深刻地展示了普通人在大时代历史进程中所走过的艰难曲折的道路。1991年3月，《平凡的世界》获中国第三届茅盾文学奖。

参考资料：平凡的世界  百度百科

Mao Dun, formerly known as Shen Dehong, pen name Mao Dun, Lang loss, xuanzhu, Fang Bi, check respect, Pulao, twilight, Shen Zhongfang, Shen Mingfu, wild goose word ice, Tongxiang City, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province.Mao Dun was born in a very innovative family, from childhood to accept new education. After admitted to the Beijing University matriculation. After graduation into the commercial press work, and on the way to the reform of China's literature and art, he is the founder of the pioneer of the new culture movement, revolutionary literature and art of China.Mao Dun is also a famous Chinese writer, literary critic, cultural activist and social activist. The representative of the novel "Midnight", "spring" and "I" read literary criticism. March 14, 1981, Mao Dun knowing disease will not work, fee of 25 million yuan donated Mao Dun literary awards, to encourage the creation of excellent contemporary novels.茅盾原名沈德鸿，笔名茅盾、郎损、玄珠、方璧、止敬、蒲牢、微明、沈仲方、沈明甫等，字雁冰，浙江省嘉兴市桐乡市人。茅盾出生在一个思想观念颇为新颖的家庭里，从小接受新式的教育。后考入北京大学预科，毕业后入商务印书馆工作，从此走上了改革中国文艺的道路，他是新文化运动的先驱者、中国革命文艺的奠基人。茅盾同时也是中国现代著名作家、文学评论家、文化活动家以及社会活动家。代表作有小说《子夜》、《春蚕》和文学评论《夜读偶记》。1981年3月14日，茅盾自知病将不起，将稿费25万元人民币捐出设立茅盾文学奖，以鼓励当代优秀长篇小说的创作。

Mao Dun (July 4, 1896–March 27, 1981) was the pen name of Shen Dehong, a 20th century Chinese novelist, cultural critic, and journalist. He was also the Minister of Culture of China. He is currently renowned for being one of the best modern novelists in China. His most famous work is Midnight, a grand novel depicting life in Shanghai, and Spring Silk Worms and Other Stories.He adopted 'Mao Dun' (矛盾), meaning "contradiction", as his pen name to express his sigh for the contradicting revolutionary ideology in China in the unstable 1920s. His friend Ye Shengtao changed the first word from 矛 to 茅, which literally means "thatch", to prevent him from political persecution.Early lifeMao Dun was born in Tongxiang County, Zhejiang Province, China. His father Shen Yongxi (沈永锡) taught and designed the curriculum for his son, but he died when Mao Dun was ten. Mao Dun's mother Chen Aizhu (陈爱珠) then became his teacher. He mentioned in his memoirs that "my first instructor is my mother". Through learning from his parents, Mao Dun developed great interest in writing during his childhood.Mao Dun had already started to develop his writing skills when he was still in primary school. In one examination the examiner commented on Mao Dun's script: '12 year old young child, can make this language, not says motherland nobody'. There were other similar comments which indicate that Mao Dun had been a brilliant writer since his youth.While Mao Dun was studying in secondary school in Hangzhou, extensive reading and strict writing skills training filled his life. He finished reading Illustrious Definite orders (《昭明文选》), Shi Shuo Xin Yu (《世说新语》) and a large number of classical novels. These novels influenced his writing style and his idea of writing.Mao Dun entered the three-year foundation school offered by Peking University in 1913, in which he studied Chinese and Western literature. Due to financial difficulties, he had to quit in the summer of 1916, before his graduation.The trainings in Chinese and English as well as knowledge of Chinese and Western literature provided by the fifteen years' education Mao Dun received had prepared him to show up in the limelight of the Chinese journalistic and literary arena.Journalistic careerAfter graduation, Mao Dun soon got his first job in the English editing and translation sections of the Commercial Press (商务印书馆), Shanghai branch. At the age of 21, he was invitied to be the assistant editor of Xuesheng Zazhi (学生杂志) (Students' Magazine) under the Commercial Press, which had published many articles about the new ideologies that had emerged in China at that time.Apart from editing, Mao Dun also started to write about his social thoughts and criticisms. To some extent, he was inspired by the famous magazine New Youths. Like in 1917 and 1918, he wrote two editorials for Xuesheng Zazhi: Students and Society (学生与社会) and The Students of 1918, those were significant in stimulating political consciousness among the young educated Chinese.At 24 years of age, Mao Dun was already renowned as a novelist by the community in general, and in 1920, he and a group of young writers took over the magazine Xiaoshuo Yuebao （小说月报）, which translated means fiction monthly, to publish literature by western authors, such as Tolstoy, Chekhov, Balzac, Flaubert, Zola, Byron, Keats, Shaw, etc., and make new theories of literature more well known. Despite the fact that he was a naturalistic novelist, he admired writers like Leo Tolstoy, for their great artistic style.In 1920, he was invited to edit a new column: Xiaoshuo Xinchao (小说新潮) (The Fiction-New-Waves) in Xiaoshuo Yuebao. He even took up the post of Chief Editor of the Monthly in the same year and was obliged to reform it thoroughly, in response to the New Cultural Movement (五四运动/新文化运动). His young writer friends in Beijing supported him by submitting their creative writings, translating Western literature and their views on new literature theories and techniques to the magazines. Wenxue Yanjiuhui (文学研究会) (Literature Study Group) was formed partly because of this. The reformed Monthly was proved to be a success. It had facilitated the continuation of the New Cultural Movement by selling ten thousand copies a month and more importantly by introducing Literature for life, a brand new realistic approach to Chinese literature. In this period, Mao Dun had become a leading figure of the movement in the southern part of China.On the notion of content reformation, both the innovative and conservative parties in the Commercial Press could not make a compromise. Mao Dun resigned from the Chief Editor of Fiction Monthly in 1923, but in 1927 he became the chief columnist of the Minguo yuebao. He wrote more than 30 editorials for this newspaper to criticize Chiang Kai-shek, and to support revolutions.[edit] Political lifeInspired by the October Revolution of 1917 in Russia, Mao Dun took part in the May Fourth Movement in China. In 1920, he joined the Shanghai Communist Team, and helped to establish the Chinese Communist Party in 1921. At first, he worked as a liaison for the party. He also wrote for the party magazine 'The Communist Party' (共产党).At the same time, Mao Dun participated in Chiang Kai-shek's Northern Expedition (1926-1928), the main purpose was to unite the country. He quit, however, when Chiang's Kuomintang broke with the Communists. In July 1928, he went to Japan in order to take refuge. As he returned to China in 1930, he joined the League of the Left-Wing Writers. Later, China went to war with Japan and he actively engaged in resisting the Japanese attack in 1937. In 1949, the communist government took over and he was responsible for working as Mao Zedong's secretary and Culture Minister until 1964.[edit] As a literary manXiaoshuo Yuebao Reform was Mao Dun's first contribution to Chinese literature. The magazine then became a place where "New Literature" circulated. Many famous writers like Lu Xun, Xu Dishan, Bing Xin, Ye Shengtao, had their works published through it. Mao Dun supported movements such as "New Literature" and "New Thinking". He believed that Chinese literature should have a place in the world.The experience of political conflict broadened his horizon in literature, therefore the theme of his later writing was mostly based on this. He then helped to found the League of Left-Wing Writers in 1930. After that, he worked together with Lu Xun to fight for the right of the society and the revolutionary movement in literature. The harvest period of Mao Dun's writing is considered to have been from 1927 to 1937.Shi, the first actual novel written by Mao Dun, was composed of three volumes, Huanmie (1927), Dongyao (1928), and Zhuiqiu (1928). It is the story of a generation of young intellectuals, who are caught up in the world of revolutionary fervor without a true understanding of the nature of social change. Mao Dun participated in Chiang Kai-shek's Northern Expedition (1926-28) in an attempt to unite China, but this failed and he fled to Kuling, when the Kuomingtang dissolved relations with the Chinese Communist Party. In the 1930s he was one of the key founders of the League of Left-Wing Writers, which was dissolved in a quarrel in 1936.Mao Dun's next major work was Hong (1929), which became famous for having no less than 70 main characters and numerous plot twists and turns. In 1933 came his next grand work, Midnight, which gained great popularity, to a point that it was also published in French and English, and it allowed to develop a sense of revolutionary realism. He left a work unfinished, the trilogy Shuangye Hongsi Eryuehua (1942). After the initiation of the Sino-Japanese War War in 1937, Mao traveled to many places and started a literary magazine in Wuhan. He edited the periodical Literary Front and the literary page of the newspaper Libao in Hong Kong and worked as a teacher. After 1943 Mao Dun did not produce any major works, but still wrote some articles and essays. In 1946 he visited the Soviet Union.In 1927, he published his first novel, Disillusion (幻灭). His most famous and important novel, Midnight (子夜), was published in 1933. It is a naturalistic novel exploring the commercial world of Shanghai in detail. In addition, his fiction offered a sympathetic portrayal of working-class life and praise of revolution.When the People's Republic of China was established by the Communist Party of China in 1949, he became active on several committees and he worked as the Secretary and then the Minister of Culture for Mao Zedong until 1964. He started the monthly literary journal Chinese Literature, which became the most popular for western readers. He was dismissed from his position as minister in 1964 due to the ideological upheavals. Despite this fact, Mao Dun survived the Cultural Revolution and was afterwards rehabilitated. In the 1970s he became an editor of a children's magazine, and began working on his memoirs, which were serialized in the Party publication, the quarterly Xinwenxue Shiliao (新文学史料) (Historical Materials on New Literature), but he died in March 27, 1981 before he could finish it. His influence on Chinese literature continues to the present day because he used his savings to set up a fund called the Mao Dun Literature Scholarship to promote an atmosphere for writing fiction.Mao Dun's achievements in literature were also seen at his 50th birthday, which was also the 25th anniversary of his literary life. More than five hundred guests came to celebrate with him. Russian and American friends also joined the celebration. Wong Roufei wrote an essay as congratulations on behalf of the Chinese Communist Party. Mao Dun's influence and achievements in the literary field were witnessed. On the other hand, he was twice elected as the chairman and then once elected as the vice-chairman of the China Literary Arts Representative Assembly. His status in the literary field has been highly recognized. Although he suffered great pain from illness in his old age, he still kept writing his memoirs, called The Road I Walked (我走过的路).Besides his achievements, Mao Dun also had great influence on Chinese literature. The Mao Dun Literature Prize(茅盾文学奖) was created due to Mao Dun's wish that outstanding novels should be encouraged and communist literature should be promoted. It is one of the most honorable literature awards in China. Many famous modern Chinese literary authors like Wei Wei (魏巍) and Zhou Ke-qin (周克芹) have received the prize.]Mao Dun has over 100 publications throughout his life, which includes short stories, novels, theories etc. Some of his most famous works include:Short StoriesWild Rose (《野蔷薇》 Ye Qiangwei (1929) The Smoke and Cloud Collection 《烟云集》 Yanyunji (1937) Long-short storiesDisillusion 《幻灭》 Huanmie (1928) Three people walking San Ren Xing, 《三人行》 Sanrenxing (1931) The Shop Of the Lin Family 《林家铺子》 Linjia Puzi Spring Silkworms and Other Stories, 《春蚕》 Chunchan (1956) Autumn Harvest 《秋收》 QiuShou NovelsHong, 《虹》 Hong [Rainbow] (1930) Ziye, 《子夜》 ZiYe [Midnight] (1933) 《献给诗人节》 XianGeiShiRenJie [Giving to the poet festival] (1946) Theories《茅盾近作》 MaoDunJinZuo [The recent works of Mao Dun] (1980) 《茅盾论创作》 MaoDunLunChuangZuo [Mao Dun's Comment on Creativity] (1980) Essays《苏联见闻录》 SuLianJianWenLu [Travelling Diary of USSR] (1948) 《杂谈苏联》 JiTanSuLian [Talks on USSR] (1949) Drama scriptQingming Qianhou, 《清明前后》 QianMingQianHou [Front and rear Pure Brightness] (1945) Translation话剧《俄罗斯问题》(Modern drama "Russian Question") (1946) 中篇小说《团的儿子》(Novelette "Group's Sons") (1946) Others《茅盾全集》 Mao Dun Quanji [Works of Mao Dun] (vol. 1-15, 1984-1987) 《茅盾书简》 Mao Dun Shujian [Introduction to the books of Mao Dun] (1st edition, collection of letters, 1984) later changed the name into《茅盾书信集》 Mao Dun Shuxinji (1988) Huanmie, Dongyao, Zhaiqiu (serialized in Xiaoshuo Yuebao, starting in 1927, published later as a trilogy under the title Shih) Lu, 1932 Chunchan, 1932-33 - Spring Silkworms and Other Stories Tzu-Yeh, 1933 Shih, 1933 - The Cancer Zhongguo Di Yir, 1936 Duojiao Quanxi, 1937 Diyi Jieduande Gushi, 1937 Fushi, 1941 腐蚀 "Putrefaction", about the New Fourth Army Incident Shuangye Hongsi Eryuehua, 1942 Jiehou Shiyi, 1942