京城第一伪娘
3．读书与做练习的关系。每章节后都配有思考题和练习，并附有答案，以便复习和巩固所学的内容。为了帮助自学人员学习，全国高等自学考试委员会还组织由笔者主持编写了《英语词汇学辅导》，2000年由外语教学与研究出版社出版。《辅导》以汉语形式把教材译写出来，每章补充了练习，并给思考题提供了参考答案。此外，社会上也出现了一些所谓的“配套”读本。这里要提醒大家的是，读书指的是学教材，语言基础差一点的同学可以把《辅导》结合起来看。对教材一定要反复读，读懂弄清楚。对每章所配的练习要认真独立地去做，只有在做完后再查看参考答案，因为做练习最能检测学习结果。思考题是供学习思考的，提供的参考答案只是答案的一种表达形式，绝对不能逐字逐词地去死背。尤其要注意的是千万不要本末倒置，把大量的精力放在能弄到手的各种参考书上，更不要去搞题海战术，走入歧途。4．词汇学与语言学的关系。词汇学是语言学的一个分支，属于语言学的范畴。英语词汇学所介绍和涉及的一些内容与语言学上的某些章节交叉和重叠。如自考科目《现代语言学》上的第三章“形态学”（morphology）和第五章“语义学”（semantics）中的“词的意义”（lexical meaning）部分都是词汇学讨论的内容，因此可以联系起来学习。应该说学了语言学有助于学习词汇学，反之亦然。四、应考问题自考是以自学的形式通过国家规定的相关考试，最后取得国家承认的学历或学位。所以通过考试是自学人员的现实目标。把教材读懂搞清楚了不一定就能考出最理想的成绩，还有一个应考的问题。只有熟悉考试的形式、内容和方式方法才能取得最佳效果。1．题型与能力层次。题型在《考纲》中有明确规定。《考纲》列了12种题型，但在全国英语词汇学题库设计时做了一定的改动。现在的全国英语词汇学的标准试卷由七大题组成，每题一种题型。它们分别是：I 单项选择，II 教材内容填空，III 匹配题，IV 判断填空，V 术语解释，VI 简答题，VII 分析题。减去了《考纲》中的第二、七、十二题；把第三、八题统称为判断填空题。题型与能力层次非一一对等，同一题型可涉及不同能力层次，如单项选择、匹配题、判断填空三种题型。2．试卷设计与分值配置。按题库设计标准，根据各章节的内容和知识点，每份试卷对各章都有一定的分值要求。其分值配置为：第一、二章占15%；第三、四章占20%；第五、六章占25%；第七、八章各占10%；第九章占15%；第十章占5%.分值的配置基本上能显示各章节的分量。前面已说过，每章都重要。这一点从分值的分配可以看出。当然，这种分值配置只是理想化的设计，具体操作上很难做到如此准确。一套试卷由7大题50小题组成。匹配题和判断题各10小题，每题1分；简答题3小题，每题4分；综合运用题2小题，每小题9分；其它每小题均为2分。3．读书与做题。如前所述，要想学好词汇学，必须要有恒心和拼劲，下大气力学习教材，无捷径可走。但要提高考试成绩还是有方法的。譬如匹配题和判断题，如果不熟悉其形式和思路，尽管对考题所涉及的内容很熟悉，也不一定能做好题。现以2002年上半年全国自学英语词汇学试卷其中的两题为例：Match the words in Column A with those in Column B according to ①rhetorical features of idioms; ②sense relations; ③assimilation degree; ④ characteristics of the basic word stock; ⑤motivation （10%）ABreiteration （ ）A high and lowrepetition （ ）B pick and choosejuxtaposition （ ）C face to faceperfect homonym（ ）D Failure is the mother of successpersonification（ ）E hiss…Study the following words and expressions and identify ①types of context; ②types of word formation; ③types of sense relations and meaning change ④rhetorical features of idioms （10%）1 making a restatement of a new word or concept in familiar words（）2 sitcom（）3 the usual amenities such as a pub, a post office and a school（）4 from cradle to grave（）5 might and main（）……这两道题看似简单，做起来却不容易。两道题有一个共同的特点，即涉及到不同章节的内容。前一题包括第九章、第六章、第一章、第五章的内容和知识。要做好题，必须知道英语习语的各种修辞特色；六种语义关系；两种同化程度；基本词汇的五大特征和四种理据。然后将两栏提供的语词进行比较，逐一分析，对号入座。答案是reiteration （B）, repetition （C）, juxtaposition （A）, perfect homonym （E）, personification （D）。其实，真正与题目有关的只是习语的修辞特色和词义的理据，其它都是干扰项。比较而言，后一道题更难一些。该题要求考生根据所提供的例词和定义写出它们各自属于哪一类中的何种名称。如例1是第一类中的definition（定义），例2是第二类中的blending（拼缀法），例3是第三类中的hyponymy（上下义关系），例4是第四类中的synecdoche（提喻），例5是第四类中的alliteration（押头韵），等等。如果熟悉这些题型，并能模拟做一做，在阅读中能根据题型的要求去思考问题，做到有的放矢，效果肯定会更佳。这就是所谓的“巧干”。4．术语英汉对照表的利用。教材后附有术语英汉对照表，主要目的是为了帮助阅读和理解。知道英语专业名称的汉语意思既可以加深记忆，也可以帮助理解。还有一个更重要的用途，往往不被大家注意。术语英汉对照表基本上囊括了教材中主要知识点。尤其是名词或名词词组，每一个都是一个知识点。学完教材后，不妨把这些专业术语作为一种自测手段。如按照字母顺序逐一复习。对每一个术语都想一想其概念、定义，试着用英语表述，并能回忆一两个例子（书中的例子）。如果忘了，再翻书复习。假如能按这种要求把所有的名词术语记住，基本上可以说把教材弄懂搞清楚了。总而言之，英语词汇学是一门理论知识课程，涉及的内容丰富，知识点较多，学起来有一定难度。但只要同学们有决心，有恒心，敢于下工夫，在苦干的同时，加一些巧干，定能收到事半功倍的效果。
谁是小小
d 拼错了吧，应该是spoiledfor example:If it rains tomorrow,our picnic will be spoiled.明天下雨的话,去野餐的计划就泡汤了. spoiled adj. 被宠坏的v. 损坏；宠坏；变质sabotage vt. 妨害；对…采取破坏行动vi. 从事破坏活动n. 破坏；怠工；破坏活动destoryadj. 被毁，毁坏；遭破坏的v. 破坏（destroy的过去分词）
小嘉菜菜子
《新目标英语》七年级（上册）期末综合测试卷一. 读一读，猜一猜：根据首字母提示完成单词（5分）。1. Brad can play basketball. He wants to j__________ the basketball club.2. F____________ is the second month of a year.3. Jack Chen is Mike’s f_____________ movie star. Mike likes his movies best.4. The runners are very strong. Because they eat a lot of h__________ food.5. We want to play tennis after school. But we don’t have tennis r____________.二. 看一看，做一做：单项选择（15分）。( )1. Look at these ___________. Victor has ____________ aunt and two uncles. A. photos, a B. photos, an C. photos, the ( )2. Can you _____________ jiaozi __________ English? A. say, with B. speak, in C. say, in( )3. Where __________ she ___________ from? A. does, come B. is , come C. does, comes( )4. How ____________ did you pay? A. much yuan B. many yuan C. much yuans( )5. Her mother is ___________. She ____________ a car now. A. a driver, drive B. driver, drives C. a driver, is driving( )6. Do you want __________ with me? A. go shopping B. to go shop C. to go shopping( )7. ---___________? ---Yes, please. A. How are you B. Can I help you C. What can you do for me( )8. Miss White is a good teacher. She usually _________.A. helps me to English B. help me learn English C. helps me with my English.( )9. Maria likes documentaries _______ cartoon, ______ she doesn’t like thrillers. A. and , and B. and, but C. but, but ( )10. Do you need shoes______ sports? We have lots of shoes ________ very good prices. A. for, at B. for, with C. at, with( )11. Katrina often has French _______, tomatoes, chicken__________ dinner. A. fry, for B. fries, for C. frys, at( )12. Let’s ____________ volleyball. That _________ good. A. playing, is B. play, sounds C. play, is sound( )13. Peter often _________ my textbook ________ home. A. takes, to B. brings, \ C. takes, \ ( )14. The man is David Johnson. Johnson is his ____ name and David is his ______ name. A. family, first B. first, family C. first, last ( )15. Does Mary like documentaries?__________________. A. Yes, she doesn’t. B. No, she does. C. Yes, she does. 三 读一读，对一对：对号入座（10分）。( )1. Where is her pen pal from? A. At 4.P.m.( )2. May I have a look at your ticket? B. She’s swimming.( )3. When is your birthday? C. No, I don’t. It’s hard for me.( )4. What’s his phone number? D. Zhou Runfa( )5. What color is your box? E. It’s 243-0876.( )6. Who’s your favorite film star? F. Sure. Here it is.( )7. Can you play the piano? G. No, I can’t.( )8. Do you like playing chess? H. He’s from the UK.( )9. What time does it close on Sunday? I. It’s blue and yellow.( )10. What is Lucy doing in the river? J. December 4th四. 看一看，找一找：改错题，下列句中均有一处错误，找出来并改正在横线上（5分）。1. Her’s favorite sport is tennis. _____________2. Miss Tian singing a new song. _____________3. My father usually go to work at 7:30. _____________4. Are this your brother, John? _____________5. Math is me favorite subject. _____________五. 读一读，排一排：给以下句子编号，组成一段意义完整的对话（5分）。（ ）Why do you like P.E.? ( 1 ) What’s your favorite subject? ( ) How many P.E. classes do you have in a week? ( ) Do you like him? ( ) My favorite subject is P.E. ( ) It’s exciting and relaxing. ( ) I have two in a week. ( ) Who’s your P.E. Teacher? ( ) Mr. Li is. ( ) Yes, he’s friendly, but he’s very strict. 六. 完形填空。(10分)I ____(1) Li Lei. This ______(2) a ruler. ______(3) is ______(4) ruler. I spell _______(5), R-U-L-E-R. That is _______ (6) eraser. It’s _______(7). I _______(8) spell it. _____(9) do you spell it, Do you know? _______(10), I don’t know.( )1. A. is B. am C. are D. do( )2. A. is B. am C. are D. do( )3. A. This B. That C. It D. One( )4. A. your B. his C. her D. my( )5. A. it B. one C. her D. me( )6. A. your B. my C. an D. a( )7. A. your B. my C. his D. her( )8. A. do B. don’t C. isn’t D. am not( )9. A. How B. What C. What’s D. How are( )10. A. OK B. Not C. Thank you D. Sorry七. 读一读，填一填：阅读理解（32分）。（A）（a）阅读对话，然后根据对话的内容从供选择的答案中选出问题的最佳答案。（4分）A: Hello!B: Hi, is that Paul? This is Nick, your new classmate.A: Hi, Nick! Where are you?B: At home. There’s a new movie at the Capital Cinema. Do you Know?A: Yes, I do. Do you like going to movies?B: Yes, very much. I usually go to movies with my parents on Sunday.A: What kind of movies do you like?B: Action movies. How about you?A: I don’t often go to movies. I like watching TV or VCD at home.B: That’s different from seeing the movie at the cinema. Let’s go to the movie this evening, OK?A: Sorry, I’m going to a concert with my mother this evening. What about tomorrow afternoon?B: OK. See you after lunch tomorrow.A: Bye-bye.( )1. Who is B?A. Nick, Paul’s new classmate. B. Paul, Nick’s new classmate.( )2. What does Paul like?A. Going to movies. B. Watching TV or VCD at home( )3. Paul and Nick are going to ________.A. the new movie this evening B. a concert this evening C. the new movie tomorrow D. have lunch at the cinema( )4. Where are they talking about the movies?A. At Nick’s home. B. At Paul’s home. C. At the cinema. D. On the phone. (b). 阅读下面的短文并完成ID卡。（6分） Nick is my pen pal. He is 12 years old. He is from Canada. He lives in Ottawa. He speaks English and French. His favorite subject is science. He likes Chinese, too. And he says he can speak a little Chinese, but he can’t write in Chinese. Nick likes sports, too. He likes swimming best. He goes swimming on weekends with his father. He says he can swim very well. He doesn’t like Physics. He thinks it too difficult. Nick has a big family. There are eight people in his family, his grandpa, grandma, father, mother and his brothers and sisters. He has two brothers and two sisters. They are Bob, Tim, Jane and Susan. They are happy!Name: ________________Age: ______ From: ______________________Language(s): _______________________ Favorite subject(s): ____________________Favorite sport(s): _________________________ （B）Bill 正在向大家介绍他家的新客厅，你能根据他的介绍，把所给物品的图片放在适当的位置上吗？（把物品下方的字母写在图中相应的位置里）（6分）（C）阅读Emily给好朋友Joy的一封信。根据信的内容，从7~10小题所给的三个选项中，选择正确答案。（4分）（ ）7. What is Emily talking about in her letter? A. Joy’s birthday party. B. Emily’s birthday party. C. Uncle Paolo’s birthday party?（ ）8. Where are they going to have the party? A. In Central Park. B. Near History Museum. C. At Uncle Paolo’s restaurant.（ ）9. What can they do from 6 : 30 to 7 : 45? They can ________. A. go to a concert B. eat and talk C. go to the museum（ ）10. What time does the party start? It starts at about ________. A. 6 : 30 B. 7 : 45 C. 8 : 00（D）Xiao Ming 想要参加学校社团组织。他向学生会主席Nancy写了一封自荐信。请你根据他所介绍的情况，完成第11~13小题，把14小题回答完整。（每小题1分，共4分）Dear Nancy,My name is Xiao Ming. I want to be in a club in our school. I’m not famous now. But maybe I can be famous someday！I can’t sing or dance or act in movies, but I can do many other things. I can play three instruments: the guitar, the violin and the drums. I think I can be in the music club. Maybe I can be a famous musician. I like to read story books and I can write stories. Maybe I can be a famous writer. I like sports, too, but I don’t think I can be a famous and successful sports man. Can I join you?LoveXiao Ming（ ）11. What’s the word “instruments” in Chinese? It’s ________. A. 乐谱 B. 乐器 C. 乐章（ ）12. What can’t Xiao Ming do? He can’t ________. A. write stories B. play the violin C. act in movies（ ）13. Xiao Ming thinks he can be a famous ________ or a famous writer. A. musician B. actor C. sports man( ) 14. --What clubs do you think Xiao Ming can join? --He can join a ___________ club, a ___________ club or a ___________ club.（E）读一读我和伙伴们本周末的计划，从15~18每小题所给选项中，选出最佳答案。（每小题2分，共8分）I’m going to see a movie with my friends this weekend. We love seeing movies, but e all like different kinds. I like to see thrillers and science fictions, my friend Sam loves action movies and comedies and my best friend, Lee, loves a good romance. Because we like different kinds of movies, it can be difficult to choose（选择）one to see. So we usually take turns（轮流）to choose the movie. It’s my turn to choose this weekend, so we’re going to see Harry Potter II, a new movie. It’s number one at the box office, and everyone is saying what a great movie it is. I can’t wait!（ ）15. How many kinds of movies does the writer talk about in the story? A. Six. B. Five. C. Four.（ ）16. Harry Potter II is ________ movie right now. A. a boring B. a popular C. an action（ ）17. How do the writer and his friends choose which movie to see? A. They like different kinds of movies.B. They let Lee choose which movie to see.C. They take turns to choose a movie to see.（ ）18. What is the main idea（中心意思）of the story? A. Choosing which movie to see can be difficult.B. It’s a good thing to see movies with friends.C. Everyone likes the new movie Harry Potter II.八.书面表达（18分）。1. 你（Steven）的蓝色背包在操场上丢失，里面有书及各种文具，写一份寻物启事，你的电话：82345066 （9分）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 你想加入京剧社，根据以下表格编一段你与京剧社工作人员的对话 （9分）First name: Mark Last name: SmithAge: 13Telephone number: 6621-4810 E-mail address: MARKSMITH@HOTMAIL.COMWhat can you do? Sing, dance, Chinese Kung Fu Why do you want to join the club? To learn a lot about Chinese history;interestingClerk: Hi, can I help you?Mark: Yes, please. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________《新目标英语》七年级（上册）期末综合测试卷答案一. 1. join 2. February 3. favorite 4. healthy 5. racket二I. 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.C 三. 1.H 2.F 3.J 4.E 5.I 6.D 7.G 8.C 9.A 10.B四. 1.Her’s改为Her 2.singing 改为is singing 3.go改为 goes 4.Are改为 Is 5.me改为 my五. 3-1-5-9-2-4-6-7-8-10六. 1—5 BACDA 6—10 CCBAD七. (a) 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D (b) Name: Nick Age:12 From: Canada Language: English and French Favorite subject: Science Favorite sport: swimming
生鱼旺旺
最后一项，spoilsabotage 为蓄意破坏。天气当然不可能蓄意和人作对。destroy和damage均指毁坏，破坏。其中destroy指程度较强的破坏，比如，The building was completely destroyed by fire.指建筑被火彻底焚毁。damage程度较轻，如The building was badly damaged by the fire.指建筑遭到严重破坏spoil指to change sth good into sth bad, unpleasant, useless破坏，搞坏，糟蹋，毁掉。如，Our camping trip was spoilt by bad weather.天气不好，破坏了我们的露营旅行。同义辨析很重要，英语专业的学生要学会查字典
